托福阅读单词用法及注释.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料托福阅读单词用法及注释（1） adjust To change so as to match or fit; cause to correspond修改=alter To adjust (a garment) for a better fit修改 adjoining Neighboring; contiguous接临的=neighboring adaptation Something， such as a device or mechanism， that is changed or changes so as to become suitable to a new or special application or situation改装=modification acute Extremely sharp or severe; intense强烈的=intense Keenly perceptive or discerning; penetrating聪明的=sharp accustomed Being in the habit of习惯的=used to accumulate To gather or pile up; amass收集，堆集;积累=collect accompany To be or go with as a companion陪伴=travel with accompaniment Something， such as a situation， that accompanies something else; a concomitant伴随状况伴随发生的事物=attendant An accompanying thing or circumstance; a concomitant伴随物伴随的事物或情况;伴随物 accommodate To provide for; supply with提供住处;供应=lodge To provide with temporary quarters， especially for sleeping提供住处 acclaimed To be praised enthusiastically and often publicly; applauded喝彩地，赞赏地=praised accelerate To cause to develop or progress more quickly使加快=increased abundance Fullness to overflowing丰富=profusion The state of being profuse; abundance丰富 absurd Ridiculously incongruous or unreasonable荒诞的，荒唐的=preposterous Contrary to nature， reason， or common sense; absurd荒谬的 abandon To give up by leaving or ceasing to operate or inhabit， especially as a result of danger or other impending threat离弃=give up awarenessshavingsknowledge or cognizance意识到的或认识到的=realization available Present and ready for use; at hand; accessible可用的现实可用的;手边的;可获得的=accessible attribute A quality or characteristic inherent in or ascribed to someone or something品质、属性=characteristic， trait attire Clothing or array; apparel服装、盛装;服饰=clothing attach To fasten， secure， or join系，贴或连接=fasten， stick to assortment A collection of various kinds; a variety多种多样=variety astonishing Filling with sudden wonder or amazement惊奇的，奇怪的=startling astounding-To be astonishing and bewildering震惊极为惊讶和迷惑不解=surprising assemble To bring or call togethersintosasgroupsor whole召集集合=gathering ascend To slope upward爬坡倾斜而上=climb of ascribe toassume to be true arduous Demanding great effort or labor; difficult困难的=difficult， Testing severely the powers of endurance; strenuous艰苦的=strenuous Requiring great effort， energy， or exertion艰巨的 arid Lacking moisture， especiallyshavingsinsufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants干旱的缺乏水分=dry aptly Exactly suitable; appropriately合适的=appropriately approach To come near or nearer， as in space or time接近靠近=near appeal The power of attracting or of arousing interest吸引力=attraction apart from With the exception of; besides除外;除外还=except for anonymousshavingsan unknown or unacknowledged name匿名的=unknown annually Recurring， done， or performed every year; yearly每年的=yearly annihilate To defeat decisively; vanquish战胜=conquer To defeat or subdue by force， especially by force of arms征服 alloy To combine; mix融合;混合=blend， mix altitude The height of a thing above a reference level， especially above sea level or above the earths surface高度=elevation affluent Generously supplied with money， property， or possessions; prosperous or rich富裕的=wealthy afflict To inflict grievous physical or mental suffering on折磨=problem affect To have or show a liking for喜欢=fondness aesthetically Artistically有艺术的，在艺术上的=artistically adverse Acting or serving to oppose; antagonistic敌对的=oppose， ill adversely harmfully or unfavorable有害的或不利的=negatively Marked by or exhibiting features， such as hostility， that cannot be deemed positive or constructive反面的 advocate One that argues for a cause; a supporter or defender支持者或保护者=proponent To speak， plead， or argue in favor of拥护演说=urge， preach adorn To lend beauty to; decorate使美观为增添美;装饰=decorate adopt To take on or assume采取采用或接受=take on brilliance The state or quality of being brilliant光辉=radiant boundary Something that indicates a border or limit边界=dividing line breach A violation or infraction， as of a law， a legal obligation， or a promise破坏，违犯=violation boost To increase; raise增加;拔高;To raise or lift by pushing up from behind or below推、举=raise blend To combine (varieties or grades) to obtain a mixture of a particular character， quality， or consistency把掺在一起混合=combine， mix bizarre Strikingly unconventional and far-fetched in style or appearance; odd古怪的=odd bias A preference or an inclination， especially one that inhibits impartial judgment偏见=prejudice beam A ray or shaft of light光柱，光束=ray be characterized bydistinguish barren Lacking vegetation， especially useful vegetation不毛的=infertile balmy Mild and pleasant温和的=mild comprise To consist of; be composed of由构成=consist of ，make up conception Something conceived in the mind; a concept， plan， design， idea， or thought概念、计划、设计或思想=notion A mental image or representation; an idea or conception心理形象或象征;想法或构思 composed of To create or produce (a literary or musical piece)创作或制作=create component A constituent element， as of a system组成要素=element， part comparable Similar or equivalent相似或相当=similar compile To put together or compose from materials gathered from several sources汇编=put together community Society as a whole; the public作为整体的社会;大众。Asgroupsof plants and animals living and interacting with one another in a specific region under relatively similar environmental conditions共生动物群的一群植物和动物=settlement， society commodity Something useful that can be turned to commercial or other advantage商品=goods coincide To happen at the same time or during the same period同时发生=occur at the same time cohesion The act， process， or condition of cohering结合=unity The combination or arrangement of partssintosa whole; unification统一 cluster To gather or growsintosbunches丛生=concentrate classify To arrange or organize according to class or category分类=categorize cling to v.依附，依靠，坚持=stick to cite To mention or bring forward as support， illustration， or proof引证把作为支持、说明或证明而提及或提出=mention check monitor To check the quality or content of (an electronic audio or visual signal) by means of a receiver监听，收听;To check by means of an electronic receiver for significant content， such as military， political， or illegal activity窃听 celestial Of or relating to the sky or the heavens天空的=astronomical cease To put an end to; discontinue使停止;中止=stop capability The quality of being capable; ability能力=ability cumbersome Troublesome or onerous麻烦的=burdensome crisscross To move back and forth through or over交叉移动move back and forth crawl To move slowly on the hands and knees or by dragging the body along the ground; creep爬行=creep counterpart A copy or duplicate of a legal paper复制品=version An adaptation of a work of art or literaturesintosanother medium or style版本 counteract To oppose and mitigate the effects of by contrary action; check抵制，抵消=negate core The basic or most important part; the essence核心，本质=center conventional Conforming to established practice or accepted standards; traditional传统的=traditional contribute to v.捐献=donate To present as a gift to a fund or cause; contribute捐赠 consumptionThe act or process of consuming消耗=eating constrainTo keep within close bounds; confine限制=bound To set a limit to; confine限制 constituteTo found (an institution， for example)创建=make up constituentServing as part of a whole; component组成的=component constantlyContinually occurring; persistently持续的=continuously conspicuousAttracting attention， as by being unusual or remarkable; noticeable值得注意的=noticeable consort with v.陪伴=associate To keep company陪伴 conserveTo protect from loss or harm; preserve保存，保护=retain vt.留住;保住 consequenceSomething that logically or naturally follows from an action or condition结果=result conjectureA statement， an opinion， or a conclusion based on guesswork猜想=based on guessing congestionTo be overfilled or overcrowded堵塞=overcrowded， crowded conflictingTo be opposing; different对立的，不同的=opposing， contrary confrontTo come face to face with， especially with defiance or hostility面对与面对面的=face To confront with complete awareness面对 confine to To keep within bounds; restrict限制=limit， cramp Restrict; narrow受限制 confederacyA union of persons， parties， or states; a league联盟=ally One that is allied with another， especially by treaty同盟者 concealTo keep from being seen， found， observed， or discovered; hide隐藏=hide dramaticallyArresting or forceful in appearance or effect引人注目的=striking durableLasting; stable持久的;稳定的=lasting domains计域=fields domesticTame or domesticated. Used of animals驯养的=tame dominateTo enjoy a commanding， controlling position in占支配地位=be prevalent in divergenceDifference， as of opinion意见分歧difference diverseMade up of distinct characteristics， qualities， or elements多种多样的=various dogmaAn authoritative principle， belief， or statement of ideas or opinion， especially one considered to be absolutely true信条=belief distinctionThe condition or fact of being dissimilar or distinct; difference差别=difference distinctReadily distinguishable from all others; discrete有区别的，不同的=different， separate， definite disputeTo argue about; debate就进行争论=argument， disagreement disseminateTo spread abroad; promulgate散布=spread， distribute disposalThe act or process of getting rid of something除掉=get rid of discreteConstituting a separate thing; distinct分离的=separate Existing as an independent entity单独的 discardTo throw away; reject丢弃，抛弃=get rid of diffuseTo become widely dispersed; spread out散布=travel To be transmitted， as light or sound; move or pass传送 differentiateTo constitute the distinction between区分=distinguish To perceive as being different or distinct区分 dictateTo prescribe with authority; impose命令;To issue orders or commands命令=determine To reach a decision; resolve解决，决定，=prescribe To set down as a rule or guide; enjoin指定，规定 devastateTo lay waste; destroy变成废墟，荒芜;破坏=ruin deviceA contrivance or an invention serving a particular purpose， especially a machine used to perform one or more relatively simple tasks机器=instrument A device for recording， measuring， or controlling， especially such a device functioning as part of a control system仪表 devoid of free of无的，免于的;摆脱了的 destructionThe act of destroying毁灭=demolition The act or process of wrecking or destroying， especially destruction by explosives.摧毁破坏 detectTo discover or ascertain the existence， presence， or fact of查明;发现=discover， sense To become aware of; perceive感觉意识到 detectableCan be discovered or ascertained the existence， presence， or fact可查明;可发现apparent， measurable，sizable deriveTo obtain or receive from a source得到=obtain， To issue from a source; originate起源于=stem from depressionAn area that is sunk below its surroundings; a hollow下陷处=low depressedLow in spirits; dejected情绪低落的;沮丧的=saddened depositTo put or set down; place放置=place， lay depleteTo decrease the fullness of; use up or empty out消灭，用完或用光=exhaust， run out denseHard to penetrate; thick浓厚的=thick， heavy delicateMarked by sensitivity of discrimination敏锐的=sensitive Easily broken or damaged脆弱的=fragile delicateConsiderate of the feelings of others体贴的=careful， intentionally deftQuick and skillful; adroit灵巧的=skilled extractTo remove for separate consideration or publication; excerpt摘录=remove extendTo stretch or spread (something) out to greater or fullest length延伸=increase， stretch， outspread extensiveLarge in extent， range， or amount广大的=wide， far from reaching exponentialContaining， involving， or expressed as an exponent指数的=rapid， increase exertTo bring to bear; exercise对施加=apply To putsintosaction使用，运用，=cause exhibitionThe act or an instance of exhibiting展览=display exorbitantExceeding all bounds， as of custom or fairness过高的，昂贵的=expensive expandTo increase the size， volume， quantity， or scope of; enlarge扩大=increase excessiveExceeding a normal， usual， reasonable， or proper limit过量的=extreme Extending far beyond the norm过分的 exclusionThe condition or fact of being excluded.排除或被排除的状态keep out of躲开;置身于之外 execution制作=create exaltedLofty; sublime; noble高的，崇高的;高贵的=superior Of great value or excellence; extraordinary价值巨大或品质优越的;突出的 exceedTo be greater than; surpass比更好;超过=surpass excelTo show superiority; surpass others胜过=be superior exceptionalWell above average; extraordinary杰出的=extraordinary exceptionallyDeviating widely from a norm， as of physical or mental ability特殊的=abnormally， Being an exception; uncommon例外的=extremely evidentEasily seen or understood; obvious显然的=apparent Readily understood; clear or obvious显然的 evolveTo undergo gradual change; develop发展=develop erodeTo wear (something) away by or as if by abrasion腐蚀，侵蚀=wear away equivalentEqual， as in value， force， or meaning相等的=interchangeable That can be interchanged可以相互交换的 entitySomething that exists as a particular and discrete unit实体=object Something perceptible by one or more of the senses， especially by vision or touch; a material thing物体 enormousVery great in size， extent， number， or degree巨大的=tremendous， huge emitTo give or send out matter or energy发射=give off发出，放出(蒸汽、气味等) employTo put to use or service投入使用=use enactmentTo act (something) out， as on a stage扮演=performance， pass emergeTo comesintosexistence发生使出现=appear， spring up embedTo cause to be an integral part of a surrounding whole包埋=encase To enclose in or as if in a case把装箱 elaborateTo become elaborate变得复杂=complicate To make or become complex or perplexing使复杂或令人困