简明英国文学史问题及答案.docx

Quiz (1)1. The first settlers of the British Isles were Celt, and Britain got its name from a branch of this people called Briton. But later they were driven to live in Scotland, Wales and Ireland.不列颠群岛的第一批定居者是凯尔特人，Britain的叫法则就是来源于他们的一个叫做Briton（不列颠人）的分支。但后来他们被驱赶到苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰居住。2. The Angles, Saxons and Jutes were Germanic tribes originally living on the Continent. They moved to the British Isles and became the ancestors of the English people.盎格鲁人、撒克逊人和朱特人是最初居住在大陆的日耳曼部落。他们搬到不列颠群岛，成为英国人的祖先。3. The most important event of the Old English Period was Norman Conquest, which took place in the year 1066.古英语时期最重要的事件是1006年发生的诺尔曼征服。4. The Roman Catholic Church sent St. Augustine to England in 597 to convert the English people to Catholicism.罗马天主教会于597年将圣奥古斯丁派遣到英格兰，使英国人皈依天主教。5. Name two poems of this period apart from Beowulf: Widsith, and The Seafarer.请列出这段时期的除了贝奥武夫两首诗：Widsith(威德西斯)和The Seafarer(水手)6. Beowulf is an epic of Alliterative lines, and it tells the events that took place on the Continent before they moved to the British Isles.贝奥武甫（Beowulf）是一首头韵体裁的史诗，它讲述了在大陆迁移到不列颠群岛之前发生的事件。7. After the Anglo-Saxon English took in loan words from French and Latin and lost most of its feclions and many of its grammar rules, it was called Middle English.盎格鲁 - 撒克逊英语在使用法语和拉丁语的借词之后，失去了大部分的功能和许多语法规则，这就是所谓的中古英语。8. Romance can be divided into three kinds according to subject matter. They are Matter of France, Matter of Rome, Matter of Britain.罗曼史可以根据题材分为三种。他们是法国题材，罗马题材和英国题材。9. Romances of the English subject are tales about King Arthur and his Round-Table Knights.英国题材的传奇故事是关于亚瑟国王及其圆桌骑士的故事。10. John Wyclif was a translator of The Bible, William Langland wrote Piers Plowman and the most famous English ballads are those about Robin Hood.约翰威克利夫是圣经的翻译者。，威廉兰格伦写的皮尔斯普洛曼，最著名的是那些关于罗宾汉的英语歌谣。Quiz (2)1. Henry VIII broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and established the Church of England (the Anglican Church).亨利八世脱离罗马天主教会，建立了英格兰教会（圣公会教堂）。2. It was Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard who introduced Italian sonnets into England.托马斯怀亚特和亨利霍华德把意大利十四行诗引入英国。3. Thomas Mores famous line in Utopia that exposes the calamities of the Enclosure Movement is sheep devouring men.托马斯莫尔（Thomas More）在乌托邦（Utopia）里著名的一句揭露圈地运动灾难性的话是：羊吃人（sheep devouring men）。4. Faerie Queene was planned for 12 books, each standing for one moral principle, but only six books were finished centering on the following six virtues: Chastity, Temperance, Truth, Justice, Friendship and Courtesy.仙后(The Faerie Queene, 1589-1596) 原计划12本书里每一本代表一个道德原则，但只有六本书完成并且围绕着以下六个优点：贞节，节制，真理，正义，友谊和礼节。5. Philip Sidneys essay on poetry is called The Defence of Poesy, John Lylys prose romance has a main character Euphues, whose name is afterward responsible for an expression in the dictionary to represent a style of speech; Thomas Lodge is mainly remembered today for his prose romance Rosalynde, Thomas Nashe is believed to have joined Marlowe in writing Dido, Queene of Carthage, and Robert Greene is connected with Shakespeare for attacking the later in one of his pamphlets as a(n) upstart.菲利普西德尼（Philip Sidney）关于散文诗称为“诗歌守护者。约翰李利的散文爱情故事”（The Defence of Poesy）具有尤弗伊斯体的特征，这个名字后来在字典中用来表示一种讲话风格。直至今日托马斯洛奇凭借他的散文爱情故事而被记住，托马斯纳什被认为与马洛一起编写迦太基女王戴朵，罗伯特格林与莎士比亚有关联，因为他在一本小册子中作为一个暴发户攻击了后来者。6. Christopher Marlowe used blank verse to write his plays and two of his important plays are Tamberlaine, and the Great.克里斯托弗马洛用无韵诗写他的戏剧，他的两个重要的戏剧Tamberlaine和the great。7. Francis Bacons works are expressions of his thought on practical science, and his prose style is best represented in an essay called “On Study”.弗朗西斯培根的作品体现了他的实学思想，他的散文风格在论读书一书中得到了最好的体现。8. Ben Jonsons masterpiece is a comedy of humours called Volpone, and he was made poet laureate in 1616.本琼森的杰作是一部名为狐坡尼（Volpone）的喜剧小说，并于1616年成为诗人桂冠。9. List any three of Shakespeares comedies: A Mid-Summer Nights Dream, As You Like It and The Twelfth Night.列出任意三个莎士比亚的喜剧:仲夏夜之梦,皆大欢喜,第十二夜。10. The four great tragedies by Shakespeare are Hamlet, King Lear, Macbeth, and Othello.莎士比亚的四大悲剧是哈姆雷特，李尔王，麦克白和奥赛罗。11. Shakespeare has produced two tetralogies of English history plays, and the most discussed two are Henry IV Part I, and Henry IV Part II.莎士比亚创作了两部英国历史剧的四部曲，其中讨论最多的是亨利四世第一部和亨利四世第二部。12. Falstaff was no good companion for Prince Hall, who later became Henry V, a powerful king of England.福斯塔夫对于后来成为英格兰强大国王亨利五世的霍尔王子来说并不是良友。13. Shylock was a Jew and a usurer in The Merchant of Venice, and he tried to take revenge on the Christians who despised ad ill-treated him.夏洛克是威尼斯商人中的犹太人和高利贷者，他试图报复那些鄙视他的虐待他的基督徒。14. Iago is the villain in Othello, who set a trap to lead Othello to believe that his wife Desdemona was unfaithful to him.伊阿古是奥赛罗的反派，他设置了一个陷阱来引导奥赛罗相信他的妻子苔丝狄蒙娜对他不忠。15. Ariel is a spirit in the dramatic romance The Tempest in which he helped Prospero, the former duke of Milan to get back the lost power.（莎士比亚剧本中的） 空气般的精灵Ariel是传奇剧暴风雨中一种精神，他帮助米兰前公爵普罗斯佩罗找回了失去的权力。16. Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets, which can be divided into two groups with 126 and 26 sonnets in each group.莎士比亚写了154首十四行诗，分为两组，每组有126首和26首十四行诗。17. The Shakespearean sonnet rhymes abab cdcd efef gg, and the last two lines are used as a conclusion to sum up the message of the poem.莎士比亚的十四行诗的押韵abab cdcd efef gg，最后两行作为总结诗歌信息的结论。P1651. The two well-known newspapers run by Steele and Addison are The spectator and The tatler.由斯蒂尔和爱迪生经营的两大著名报纸是旁观者爱说三道四的人。2Pope wrote a poem about literary principles in the form of heroic couplet which is entitled An Essay on Criticism.蒲伯写了一首英雄偶句形式的文学原则，书名为批评论。3 Samuel Johnson was prejudiced against Milton, whereas Joseph Addison wrote 18 critical essays to praise this great English poet. 塞缪尔.约翰逊对弥尔顿有偏见，而约翰.爱迪生写了18篇关键性的文章区赞美这个伟大的英国诗人。4. Gullivers Travels consists of four books too tell separately Gullivers adventures in Lilliput, Brobdingnag, Flying Island, the country of the horses.格列佛游记还有四本书组成，分别告诉我们格列佛在小人国、大人国、飞岛和马国的冒险历程。5. Johnson took 7 years to compile A Dictionary of the English Language, and he ran a journal called Rambler.约翰逊花了7年的时间去编译了英语大字典，并且经营了一个漫步者的杂志。6. Pope solved his financial problem with the money he got from translating Homer, and Richardson became the first English writer who did not depend on writing for a living. 蒲伯通过翻译荷马史诗来解决他的财务问题，理查德森成为第一个不依赖写作谋生的英国诗人。7. Name two English female novelists during the first flowering of the novel in England (Frances Burney, Sarah Fielding)写出两个在第一次英国小说繁荣时期的女作家：弗朗西丝.伯尼和萨拉.菲尔。8.Robert Burns is most well-known for his poems written in Scottish dialect and William Black took engraving as his occupation.罗伯特.伯恩斯最著名的诗是用苏格兰方言写的并且威廉.布莱克把雕刻作为他的职业。P97 Quiz1. Who was the leader of the Puritan Revolution of England?谁是英格兰清教徒革命的领导人？ 答案：B Oliver Cromwell 奥利弗.克伦威尔2. Who was executed as the enemy of the English people after the victory of the Bourgeois Revolution?英国资产阶级革命胜利后被英国人视为敌人处死的是谁？答案：D Charles I 查尔斯一世3. The Glorious Revolution took place in the year of_?光荣革命发生在_?答案：B 16884. The Bible was translated under the reign of_ and published in_.圣经是在哪个国王的统治时期被翻译的？出版时间？答案：A King James I, 1611 詹姆斯一世，1611年5. In the early 17th century there was a group of court poets represented by John Suckling, Robert Herrick, etc. who were called_在17世纪早期，有一群由约翰.萨克林和罗伯特.赫里克等代表的诗人，他们被称为骑士派诗人答案：B cavalier poets 骑士派诗人6. Miltons poem Lycidas is a(n)_elegy_ and his paradise lost is written in_(_blank verse_)_.弥尔顿的诗“黎西达斯”是一首挽歌，他的失乐园是无韵诗。答案：elegy; blank verse7. Metaphysical poets are noted for their used of _conceits_玄学派诗人以他们的自负二闻名。答案：B conceits8 In the Restoration period, drama revived mainly because_.A. Charles II and his court brought back with them a taste for drama.在复辟时期，戏剧复兴主要是因为查尔斯二世和他的法庭将对戏剧的兴趣重新带回来了。9 Restoration plays have a significance in the history of English literature because (A. they anticipate the plays of social manners by later dramatists like Sheridan and Goldsmith.)王朝复辟时期戏剧在英国文学史上有着重要意义，因为他们后期的剧作家例如Sheridan和Goldsmith可以通过戏剧预料社会习俗。10. William Congreve chose to write his comedies on subjects of (A. family and social pressures on young peoples free choice in love and marriage)威廉康格里夫选择写他的喜剧主要以肩负着家庭和社会压力的年轻人在爱情和婚姻中的选择为主题。11. Of the four speakers in his Of Dramatick Poesie John Dryden speaks through the character called (D. Neander) 译者无能为力，请见谅！12Besides heroic plays, Dryden also produced (A.tragi-comedies) such as Secret Love and Marriage a-la-mode.除了英雄剧之外，屈莱顿还创作出有悲喜剧例如神秘爱情和时髦的婚姻。13. In religion John Bunyan was a (B. Puritan disenter).在宗教中约翰.班扬是一个清教徒反对者。14. The Pilgrims Progress is an allegory.天路历程是一部寓言故事。15. Before Dryden and Bunyan, the English prose mainly followed the French and Latin styles.在屈莱顿和班扬之前，英语散文主要遵循法国和拉丁语风格。P2151. The two poets who won the title of the poet laureate are Wordsworth and Southey.获得桂冠诗人头衔的两位诗人是华兹华斯和索锡（骚塞）2. When composing poems for Lyrical ballads, Coleridge was given the task of writing about the supernatural and romantic.在为抒情诗集创作诗歌时，柯尔律治的目的是表现超自然的、浪漫的内容。3. Wordsworth does not emphasise the importance of the right poetic form in poetry composition.华兹华斯没有强调正确的诗歌形式在诗歌创作中的重要性。4. Prometheus Unbound is a(n) lyrical drama by Shelley.解缚的普罗米修斯是雪莱创作的抒情戏剧。5. After the massacre in St. Peters Field near Manchester, Shelley wrote “Song to the Men of England”.在曼彻斯特附近的圣彼得广场发生大屠杀之后，雪莱写了给英格兰人民的歌。6. King Richard the Lion Heart and Robin Hood both appear in Scotts novel Ivanhoe.狮心王理查和罗宾汉都出现在司各特的小说艾凡赫中。7. Of the following four novels by Austen Pride and Prejudice is the most popular and dramatic one.在以下四部奥斯汀的小说中，傲慢与偏见是最受欢最引人注目的。8. Which of the following poems was written by Scott?The Lady of the Lake.以下哪部作品是司各特写的？湖上夫人9. The Lord of the Isles is a poem that tells the glorious victory of the battle at Bannockburn led by the Scottish national hero Robert Bruce.岛屿的领主是一首讲述苏格兰民族英雄罗伯特布鲁斯领导的班诺克本战役光荣胜利的诗。10. Shelley was influenced by Utopian ideal of William Godwin.雪莱受到威廉戈德温的乌托邦理想的影响。P462 1. In Chaucers Canterbury Tales, the pilgrims set out to Canterbury to pay tribute to Thomas Becket.在乔叟的坎特伯雷故事集中朝圣者们前往坎特伯雷向托马斯贝克特朝贡。2. In The Faerie Queene, Edmund Spenser eulogised knightly virtues in a special m