高考英语大一轮复习 写作必备 写作基础技能提升 四复合句写作导练（二）定语从句课件 外研版

四、复合句写作导练(二)定语从句,写作要领,名师指导,即时演练,写作要领,在复合句中起定语作用的从句叫定语从句。引导定语从句的主要有 关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词when,where,why两大 类。关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语;关系副词在从句 中作状语。 此外还有as;the same.as.;such.as.句式。 1.关系代词引导的定语从句,that(指人、物),which(指物),who(指人,主语/宾语),whom(指人,宾语),whose(指人、物,作定语) 我想采访的人是杨利伟。 The person whom I would like to interview is Yang Liwei. (2015安徽) 欢迎任何感兴趣的同学参加。,Any student who is interested is welcome to participate. (2016 全国 ) 最后,我们把做的面人放在桌子上,并且与老艺人一起拍照。 Finally,we put the figurines that we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman.(2015北京) 研究人员在分析一个人的唾液样本的基础上取得了很大的进展。 Researchers have made great progress in the study which depends on analyzing a persons saliva sample.(2015广东) 我住在窗户朝南开的房子里。 I live in the house whose windows open to the south.,2.关系副词引导的定语从句,when (指时间,作状语),where(指地点,作状语),why (指原因,作 状语)。 这张图片向我们展示了一个感人的时刻,一个小女孩过来迎接她的 妈妈。 The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her mom. 春天描绘的是一个寒冷和死亡逐渐消失而温暖和生命逐渐回归的世界。 Spring pictures a world where cold and death are fading away while warmth and life are coming back.(2016 四川) 这就是为什么我建议另一类书:文学书籍。 That is the reason why I recommend another category of books: literary books.,3.as引导的定语从句,as引导非限制性定语从句时,指代主句全部内容或部分内容,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。常常译为“正如、像”。可置于句首,也可放在句尾。在高考写作中,常用于图表类作文中。 正如我们从表中所看到的,我们班比他们班的男孩多。 As we can see from the table,there are more boys in our class than in theirs. such.as作 “好像那(这)样的”讲,the same.as作“与(跟) 一样”讲。这两个结构中的as都是关系代词。 我想买一件和汤姆穿的一样的T恤衫。 I want to buy the same T-shirt as Tom is wearing. 我还想知道他在太空中的感受,以及太空旅行是否像我读过的那样 有趣。 I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read.(2015安徽),4.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句对先行词起限定、修饰作用,与主句的关系很紧凑。如果去掉,会影响句子意思的完整性。 我们学校在过去的三年中发生的巨大变化给我留下非常深刻的印象。 I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in our school over the past three years. 非限制性定语从句是对主句内容或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。主句或先行词与从句之间一般用逗号分开,常常单独翻译,没有它,主句意思仍然完整。 我教过一些外国人普通话,这让我在教学上有很多的经验。 I have taught some foreigners Mandarin,which makes me have much experience in teaching.(2015四川) 最后,我想问几个关于他个人生活的问题,那一定很有趣。,Finally,I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life,which must be very interesting.(2015安徽) 在几次英语课活动中,我成功地帮助了她,这得到了老师和同学们的 赞赏。 Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class,which have been appreciated by both teachers and my classmates.(2015陕西),5.“介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句,在书面表达中,根据实际情况,当关系代词充当某一介词宾语,且该介词被提到从句句首时,就构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。 同时,他们彼此交换思想感情,通过这他们可能会获得更多的知识。 Meanwhile,they exchange ideas and feelings with each other, through which they probably acquire more knowledge. (2015重庆),名师指导,定语从句的结构相对复杂。历年高考书面表达范文中定语从句的运用比比皆是。使用定语从句是多数考生提升其文章档次的最为常见的表现手法。如:2015年重庆卷写作范文中Im writing to apply for “wild release”,in which you can put the books in the appointed place.2016 年天津卷写作范文中During the past two weeks,we have studied in the same classroom and lived in the same dormitory, which has enabled us to know each other better. 以及2016年江苏卷中It makes no difference from ordinary voting events, in which candidates go around to seek supports. 在平时写作训练中应根据不同文章的特点,大胆尝试运用定语从句。在运用中提高驾驭复杂句的能力。,即时演练,用定语从句翻译下列句子 1.此外,我是一个在组织学校活动方面有丰富经验的外向的女孩。,2.我们班由52位同学组成,所有人都待人友好,学习刻苦。,3.我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。,答案:1.In addition,I am an outgoing girl who has rich experience in organizing school activities. 2.Our class is made up of 52 students,all of whom are friendly and hard-working. 3.I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.,4.我们班自身也有问题,其中最明显的是学生的懒惰。,5.所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭,在这个家中父母对待孩子就像朋友 一样。,答案:4.Our class also has problems of its own,of which the most obvious one is the students laziness. 5.All the neighbors admire this family,where the parents treat their child like a friend.,6.上周日,我组织了一次调查,其主题是“你最关注的安全问题是 什么”。,7.众所周知,污染对人类的危害很大。,答案:6.Last Sunday,I organized a survey,whose topic is“Which safety problem