期末复习汇总StarterU1-U5.doc

Starter Unit 11. 问候用语Good morning/ afternoon/ evening. 答语 Good morning/ afternoon/ evening. 如果双方比较熟悉，可直接说Morning/ Afternoon/ Evening. Good night.并不是问候语而是晚上分别时或就寝前的道别用语。2. - How are you? - Im fine, thanks. fine adj.常用来指身体状况好，天气状况好。good adj. 常用来指人的品行好或事物的质地好。3. There is an X in “box”. (注意26个字母前a/an的用法) 口诀：Mr. Li has one fox.(除o重复外，其它所有字母前应该加an)in 在.之中，在.里面4. 大写字母的用法a. 句子的第一个单词的首字母大写。b. 字母I做人称代词时，意为“我”，在句中任何位置都大写。日常用语OK在句中任何位置都大写。c. 人名、地名、国名、某国人或某种语言等专有名词的第一个字母大写。 Lucy Beijing(注意地名书写) Zhengzhou China Chinese Japanesed. 表示月份、星期、重要节日的名词第一个字母大写。 May Monday New Years Daye. 电影名、书名、报刊、文章的标题等中的每一个实词（如：名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词）的第一个字母一般大写。English Weekly Tianticf. 某些缩略词的每一个字母必须大写RMB CCTV NBAg. 表示职业、头衔和称呼的名词第一个字母通常要大写Uncle Lee Aunt Mary Doctor Wang5. 缩写及其全称HB（hard&black）CD (compact disc/disk) BBC(British Broadcasting Corporation) P(Parking) NBA (National Basketball Association) kg(kilogram) S/M/L(small/ medium/ large) UFO(unidentified flying object) CCTV (China Central Television) 6. 26个英文字母按照元音音素分类Starter Unit 21. -Whats this in English? -Its an orange.(回答只可用its) orange a.C橙子 b. U 橙汁 a glass of orange c. adj. 橙色的2. -Whats that in English? -Its a jacket.3. -Spell it, please. = Please spell it. -M-A-P. (please在句末时，please和前面内容之间加，) -Can you spell it? -Yes, I can. M-A-P.-How do you spell it? -M-A-P.-How do you spell “library”? -L-I-B-R-A-R-Y.4. 冠词a/an用法 a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前。易错点: an orange an eraser an hour an 11-year-old boy an uncle a useful book a university a uniforma. 表示数量“一”a book 一本书 an egg 一个鸡蛋b. 笼统的指某人或者某事物，但不具体说明。There is a car in the yard. 院子里有一辆小汽车。c. 泛指某一类人或事物A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。d. 表示首次提到的人或事物。（常用于介绍用语中）This is a key. 这是一把钥匙。e. 表示某一类人或事物中的任意一个。There is an elephant in the zoo. 动物园里有一头大象。f. 用于抽象名词前，使抽象名词具体化，表示“一次、一种、一场”等。Its a pleasure to talk with you. 和你谈话很愉快。g. 用于某些固定搭配中。have a look 看一看 take a walk 散步 have a good time 过得愉快Starter Unit 31. -What color is it? -Its purple. (what +名词构成复合疑问词，n要用单数形式)2. color/ colour a.n 颜色 b. Vt. 给.着色 Color the picture green.3. 定冠词the的用法 表示特指的人、物或群体。可用在名词前表示特指说话双方都知道的或上文提到的人或事物。a. 和个体名词的单数或复数连用，表示某个（些）特定的人或事物Give me the book. Do you know the girl in green? She is our monitor.b. 特指说话双方都知道的人或事物。Where is the ruler？c. 指上文提到的人或事物。This is a pen. The pen is black.d.用在世界上独一无二的事物前。the sun the earth the moone. 和形容词连用表示一类人the old 老人 the young 年轻人f.用在方位名词前the east the westg. 与play连用，用在西洋乐器前，中国乐器前不用play the guitar play erhuh. 与专有名词连用the Great Wall the Summer Palacei. 用在一些固定词组中in the morning/ afternoon Unit 11. -Whats your name? - Alan./ Im Alan./My names Alan. 形容词性物主代词2. -Whats his/her name? -Hes Eric./ His names Eric.3. -Are you Helen? -Yes, I am不能缩写. / No, Im not.4. -Nice to meet you. -Nice to meet you, too.5. 人名区分男名和女名及姓和名 P111 Name listfamily name = last name姓 Brown Green Miller Smithfirst name 名 given name = middle name+first name6. 中英文姓名书写的差别 中文：姓在前，名在后 Zhang Mingming 英文：名在前，姓在后 John Smith 5. Ms. 女士，不指明婚否Mrs. 已婚 Miss 小姐 未婚 Mr. 先生Miss 不加. 其它要加. 6. -Whats your/his/her phone number? -Its . 数字0-9拼写及听力中辨识电话号码房间号 Room 308 the 308th room7. My friend is in China.8. middle school 意为“中学”，表示某所中学的名称时，其首字母要大写 PEP Middle SchoolIm a middle school student.(middle school 小写) He studies in/ at a middle school.middle adj.中间的 e. Please sit in the middle seat. n. 中间 e. Jack is in the middle of the classroom. Unit 21. This is 不可缩写 am not 不缩写 I amnt a teacher() a. 当面介绍尤其是首次见面只能用This is Jack. 不用 He is Jack. b. 打电话时，this指自己，that指对方。 -This is Kate. Whos that? - This is Eric. 2. this +单数名词 近处事物 that+ 单数名词 远处事物 these+ 复数名词 近处事物 those+ 复数名词 远处事物 3. -Is this/ that your sister? -Yes, it is. No, it isnt. -Is she your sister? -Yes, she is. No, she isnt. -Are these/ those your parents? -Yes, they are. No, they arent.4. -Have a good day./ morning/ afternoon/ evening /time.(祝福用语) -Thanks. You, too.= The same to you. Bye.= See you.5. -Who is she/he? -She is my sister. whos = who is shes = she iswho 引导的疑问句对人进行提问。6. parents = mother and father (谓语动词用复数) parent = mother or father (谓语动词用单数)7. P10 family tree注意阅读理解中理清人物关系可借助family tree8. This is my friend, Lin Fang. (同位语)9. family a. 指家庭时是一个整体概念，谓语动词用单数。 The family is very rich. My family is not very big but warm. b. 指家人或家庭成员时用复数。 Our family all like playing football. 10. Here + 谓语动词+主语（名词）.其谓语动词要视后面的主语而定。Here is a ruler. Here are two nice photos of my family.Here you are. 给你 Here it is. 在这里11. in the first photo 在第一张照片里 in the next picture 在下一张照片里picture 和photo在指照片时同义，另外picture还可指图片 e. Draw a picture of that tree. In the next picture are my brothers.倒装句，谓语动词依据后面brothers确定12. Coco is in my family, too.在西方文化里宠物算是家庭成员 family membertoo放在肯定句末表示“也”e. I know the answer, too.also表示“也”时放在be动词，情态动词之后，实义动词之前e. He is also my friend. She can also play the guitar. They also have a good time.否定句末用either表示“也”e. My room isnt tidy, either. 13. There are 3 people in my family : my father, my mother and I.They are my father, my mother and me. 14. the name of my dog = my dogs name15. 人称代词的顺序：第二人称第三人称第一人称e. you and he; he and I; you and I; you, he and I在承担责任时，要把“我”排在前面e. -Who broke the windows? - I and Mike.16. 含be动词的句子，be动词的形式由主语决定。当主语为第三人称单数时，be动词用单数is；当主语为第二人称或其他复数人称时，be动词用are；当主语为I时，be动词用am。含有be动词的否定句，疑问句及其回答否定句：be动词后+not someany andor 疑问句：be动词提前 第一人称第二人称 someany andor 句末加？肯定回答：Yes，主语+ be. No, 主语+be+not.There is some water and a glass of tea.(变成否定句) There isnt any water or a glass of tea. I am a student.(变成一般疑问句) Are you a student ?回答：Yes, I am. No, Im not.This book is mine. (变成一般疑问句) Is this book yours?Unit 31. 主格，宾格，形代，名代表格主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称Imemymineweusourours第二人称youyouyouryours第三人称hehimhishissheherherhersitititsitstheythemtheirtheirs物主代词分为形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词.形容词性物主代词:相当于形容词,后面要跟名词,指定名词所属对象.名词性物主代词:相当于一个名词,必须单独使用，后面不能再跟名词.名代=形代+名词e. Your book is old. Mine is big.(=my book) This is not your pen. Yours is on the desk.(=your pen) Their classroom is on the second floor. Ours is on the third floor.(=our classroom) Her bike is black. His is gray. Mine is blue.(=his bike, my bike)2. 名词所有格表示所属关系，通常有两种形式：s所有格和of所有格。a. s所有格的构成方式是在表示有生命的名词词尾加s或。不以s结尾的名词，在词尾加s; 以s结尾的名词，包括以s结尾的复数名词在词尾加。 如The watch is Jennys. James pencils are here. b. 无生命的名词所有格，一般情况下用“名词+of”构成的短语。如e. a photo of my family, the leg of the table -Whose room is this?-Its _.A. Lucy and LilyB. Lucy and Lilys共同所有C. Lucys and Lilys分别所有3. -Whose pencil is this? -Its Graces. -Whose erasers are these/those? -They are Janes / his. -This is her book.(划线部分提问) Whose book is this？ 4. 名词变复数规则a.一般情况 -s e. book-books; bag-bagsb.以s, x, ch, sh等结尾的词-es e. class-classes; box-boxes; watch-watches; dish-dishes 以o结尾的名词：加s: radio-radios, photo-photos，zoo-zoos, piano-pianos, zero-zeros, euro-euros加es: 黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆（Negro, hero, tomato, potato）加s或es: mango- mangos/ mangoes, volcano-volcanos / volcanoes c.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-es family-families; strawberry-strawberries; party-parties, dictionary-dictionariesd.少数名词的复数形式是不规则的，如man-men; woman-women, mouse-micee. oo-ee tooth-teeth, foot-feet, goose-geesef. apple tree-apple trees woman teacher-women teachers 5. excuse me意为“劳驾，请原谅”，是打扰他人前的客套话，以示礼貌和歉意，主要用于a. 询问情况，引起别人的注意，如问路、问姓名等。Excuse me, are you Mr. Smith?b. 征求别人的许可，向对方提出请求。Excuse me! May I ask you some questions?c. 打扰他人，打断别人的讲话或正在做的事。Excuse me, I want to wash my hands.辨析excuse me 和Im sorry.excuse me多用于麻烦、打扰或有求于人时通常用于打扰他人之前Im sorry.指因做错事，心中难过，有愧于某人或某事而表示道歉通常用于打扰他人之后-Excuse me, whats this in English? -Im sorry. I dont know.6. How about.= What about.+ n/ pronoun/ Ving 意为“如何；好吗；怎么样”e. What/How about a cup of tea?e. What/How about playing football now?7. Thank you for your help.thank sb(宾格) for sth/ doing sth = thanks for sth/ doing sthhelp a.U Ask for help if necessary. with the help of sb = with sbs help b. V help with sth help to do sth(帮助做某事) help sb (to) do sth8. Thank you.的答语You are welcome./ Not at all./ Its my pleasure./ My pleasure./ Thats all right.9. welcome a. adj. 受欢迎的 I wasnt really welcome here. b. 用作感叹词，意为欢迎。 Welcome！ c. V 欢迎，迎接 He welcomed us at the airport. d. noun a kind welcome10. ring n. 戒指 V. a.给.打电话 ring sb up b.发出响声 The bell is ringing.11. a set of 一套、一列、一串 谓语动词依据set确定用单数形式 a set of keys 这串钥匙 this set of keysa set of stamps 一套邮票 a set of books 一套书 12. lose lost lost find found found in/ at the Lost and Found(lost and found) case/ box/ office = in the lost and found(Lost and Found)13. 寻物启事共包括四部分: a. The title (Lost) b. The things you lost( Detailed description is necessary ) c. Your name d. How to contact you 失物招领写Found, 分四部分:a. The title (Found) b. The things you found（Where & Picture ） c. Your name d. How to contact you14. call sb call +电话号码 call sb at + 电话号码 （at依照，依据） call表示称呼 They call me Tina. call noun e. Give me a call in the morning. e-mail sb at+邮箱15. in the school libraryask sb for sth 向某人索取某物，向默认要某物ask the teacher for helpask sb to do sth16. must“必须，应当，一定”无时态，人称和数的变化，表示义务命令或必要。表示主观意愿have to 不得不，表示客观需要，有时态，人称和数的变化。变成否定句及疑问句时要借助助动词do/does Unit 41. where adv. 在哪里，到哪里 对地点进行提问。 -Where are my radios? -Theyre under/ in / on the bed. in指在某个空间的内部 on在.上，两者之间有接触面 on the wall/ table on your head under 在.下，通常指一个人或物在另一个人或物体垂直下方2. hat意为“帽子”，周围有一圈帽檐，通常指礼帽。无帽檐的运动帽、军帽等帽子，用cap表示。3. -Is the computer game in the bookcase/ on the bookshelf ? bookshelf bookshelves -Yes, it is. No, it isnt. -Are the keys on the sofa? -Yes, they are. No, they arent.4. Come on. a.表示鼓励加油 b.表催促=hurry up c.(语调不同)表示委婉的不信任或生气。5. I think its in your grandparents room.think v.认为，想，思考可加宾语从句。当主语是第一人称（I，we）宾语从句表示否定意义时，在形式上应该否定前面的主句，成为否定前移。e. We dont think he is a teacher. 6. I dont know. vi. 知道了解 vt. 知道 I know their names.7. in bed 卧病在床 e. He is ill in bed. go to bed上床睡觉 e. When should you go to bed in our school.8. table desk 区别 table指“圆桌，饭桌”是用餐、会谈或消遣时所用的桌子，可以是方形的、圆形的一般不带抽屉A table for two, please.desk指“书桌、课桌”，是读书、办公时所用的桌子一般带有抽屉There are many desks in our classroom.at table 在进餐，在吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁边 9. tidy adj. 整洁的，井井有条的 untidy model plane模型飞机（拼写）10. and意为“和，并且，以及”常用来表示并列，承接或递进等关系；but意为“但是，然而”表示转折关系，它前后的两个单词，短语或句子在意义上通常形成鲜明对照。e. This is your room, and that is Toms room.e. The room is big, but not tidy.e. I have a baseball, but she doesnt.11. always位置:be动词之后，实义动词之前 e. Gina always asks. They are always late.12. Ginas books are everywhere. adv. 处处，到处，各个地方everywhere = here and there13. 物品分类：furniture U 家具 a piece of furniture stationery U 文具 a piece of stationery Unit 51. play+球类运动 play soccer/ basketball/ ping-pong/ badminton have+球 have a soccer ball/ basketball/ ping-pong ballping-pong=table tennis badminton 羽毛球，只可指羽毛球这项运动，不能指相应的球类，所以其后不能加s羽毛球拍 badminton racket 羽毛球 shuttle cock2. 当球拍时，bat 和racket的区别 ping-pong bat baseball bat tennis racket badminton racket3. have/ has 当有讲时与there be的区别have/has与主语为所属关系，强调某人“拥有、占有”某物，主语为名词或代词。there be句型表示“存在关系”它强调客观存在的事实，为there引起的倒装句。 4. Lets go. / Let me get it. lets=let us us是we的宾格形式，做动词let的宾语 let sb do sth e. Let me help you.lets包括说话者和听者双方Lets do our homework.反义疑问句shall welet us只包括说话者一方Please sir, let us go now.will youLets do sth. 对该句型进行回答时，如果同意，可以用“OK”或“That/ It sounds good/great/interesting”等来回答；如果不同意，则可以用“No, lets . ”或直接说明不同意的原因。-Lets play volleyball. -That sounds good.-Lets play ping-pong. -No, I dont have a ping-pong bat. / Its too hot today. I dont want to go out.5. Were late. late adj. 迟的，晚的 be late for class 上课迟到be late for school上学迟到 adv. 迟地，晚地 e. He usually gets up late.6. 含有实义动词的句子变成否定句及疑问句要借助do/ does7. That sounds great/ good. Thats sounds great.() great adj. 美妙的，伟大的 e. His father is a great man. sound系动词，听起来+adj. sound like+ N e.That sounds like a good idea.8. difficult easy interesting-interested boring-bored relaxing-relaxed 以ing结尾的形容词，意为“（某物）有趣的/无聊的/放松的”主语一般为物 e.The movie is interesting. 以ed结尾的形容词，意为“感到有趣的/无聊的/放松的”主语为人 e.He is interested