2019年高考英语一轮复习专题02Healthyeating（教学案）新人教版.docx

专题02 Healthy eating【高频单词】1diet (n.) 日常饮食(vi.) 节食2roast (adj.) 烤制的 (vt. & vi.) 烤；烘；烘烤3fry (vt.&vi.) 油煎；油炸4ought (v. aux.) 应当；应该5slim (vi.) 变细；减肥 (adj.) 苗条的；纤细的6raw (adj.) 生的；未加工的7discount (n.) 折扣8consult (vt.) 咨询；请教；商量9digest (vi.& vt.) 消化 (n.) 摘要；概要10debt (n.) 债；债务11glare (vi.) 怒目而视；闪耀； (n.) 怒视；炫目的光12spy (vi.& vt.) 窥探；秘密监视； (n.) 间谍；侦探13balance (vt.) 平衡；权衡 (n.) 天平；平衡balanced (adj.) 均衡的14curious (adj.) 好奇的curiously (adv.) 好奇地curiosity (n.) 好奇心15lie (n.) 谎话；谎言；(vi.) 说谎lied (过去式/过去分词)lying (现在分词)16weakness (n.) 缺点；虚弱；弱点weak (adj.) 弱的；虚弱的weaken (vt.) 使变弱 17strength (n.) 强项；长处；力量strong (adj.) 强壮的；强大的strengthen ( vt.) 加强18limit (vt.) 限制；限定；(n.) 界限；限度limited (adj.) 有限的19benefit (n.) 利益；好处；(vt.&vi.) 有益于；有助于；受益beneficial (adj.) 有益的；有好处的20combine (vt.&vi.) (使)联合；(使)结合combination (n.)21sigh (vi.) 叹息；叹气 (n.)叹息；叹息声(形近词) sign (n.)迹象；征兆；预兆 (v.) 示意；打手势【重点短语】1in_debt欠债；负债2lose_weight 减肥；体重减轻3put_on_weight 增加体重4win.back 赢回；重新获得5cut_down 削减；删节6glare_at 怒目而视7spy_on 暗中监视；侦查8get_away_with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚9before_long 不久以后10ought_to 应当；应该11be_on_a_diet 节食12earn_ones_living 谋生【热点句型】1“否定词形容词的比较级”表最高级含义“Nothing_could_be_better (再没有比这更好的了)，” he thought. (教材P10)2must have done表推测Something terrible must_have_happened_ (一定发生了) if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did. (教材P10)3have sb./sth. doing.“允许某人/某物做”或“让某人/某物一直做”He could not have Yong Hui getting_away_with_telling_people_lies (允许哄骗人们却不受惩罚)! (教材P10)4Why dont you.？表建议 Why_dont_you_sit_down (你为什么不坐下来)and try a meal? (教材P14)5现在分词短语作伴随状语Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling_very_frustrated (感到十分沮丧). (教材P10)高频考点一 单词例1、balancen天平；平衡；账户余额vt.平衡；权衡What will happen to you if you dont eat a balanced diet？(P9)如果你不均衡饮食的话，会怎么样呢？【归纳拓展】(1)keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡keep ones balance 保持平衡lose ones balance (be out of balance) 失去平衡off balance 不稳on balance 总的来说；全面考虑之后(2)balance sth. against sth. 权衡/斟酌/比较与(3)balanced adj. 均衡的keep a balanced diet 客观公正的，_保持饮食均衡【语境助记】Youd better keep_a_balanced_diet for the benefit of your health.为了有益于身体健康你最好均衡饮食。2016江苏高考Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios, on_balance,_than they lose.总的来说，富有的国家从强有力的厄尔尼诺现象中得到的比失去的多。When he was running after his brother, the boy lost_his_balance and had a bad fall.当他在追赶他哥哥时，失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。I found it hard to keep_my_balance on the icy path.我发现在结冰的路面上行走很难保持平衡。You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。图解助记掌握“平衡”2lien谎言；谎话vi.说谎；躺；位于；坐落在He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！(P10)他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！【归纳拓展】(1)tell a lietell lies 撒谎；说谎话a big lie 弥天大谎a black lie 用心险恶的谎言a white lie 善意的谎言(2)lie to sb. 对某人撒谎lie in 位于；在于【语境助记】2016浙江高考People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel_lies can cause pain.人们经常会认为流言不会造成伤害，但恶毒的谎言能导致痛苦。牛津高阶The book lay_open on his desk.那本书摊开放在他的书桌上。2016浙江高考The answer lies_in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us.答案在于流言的另一种效应：它能给我们带来满足感。You could see from his face that he was_lying_to us.从他的表情你可以看出他在对我们说谎。She told me that happiness lies_in helping others.她告诉我快乐的真谛在于帮助他人。【易混辨析】一言辨异The man lying_in_bed_lied that he had_laid the money on the table.躺在床上的那个人撒谎说他已经把钱放在桌子上了。3limitvt.限制；限定n界限；限度I dont want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying.(P14)我不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，我也就不着急了【归纳拓展】(1)beyond/over the limit 超过限度within the limit of 在范围内set a limit to sth. 对规定限度(2)limit.to. 把限制在be limited to 局限于【语境助记】Within_the_limit_of legal rights, persons are free to do as they please.在法律权限范围内，人们可以自由地做他们高兴做的事。We must set_a_limit_to the expense of the trip.我们必须对此旅游费用定一个限额。There is a limit to ones life, but no limit to serving_the_people.一个人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。I believe teaching should not be_limited_to the classroom.我认为教学不应该局限在教室里。He was born in a poor family, and only received limited education in his childhood.他出生在一个贫困家庭中，童年时期仅仅接受了有限的教育。4strength nC长处；强项U力量；体力The strength of the diet in Wang Pengs restaurant was that it provided plenty of energygiving food.(P11)王鹏餐馆的饮食优点在于它能提供含有足够热量的食物。【归纳拓展】 (1)build up ones strength/body 强身健体strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点The strength of . is that . 的优点是(2)strengthen vt.&vi. 加强【语境助记】Everything has its strengths_and_weaknesses.任何事物都有优缺点。Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only build_up_ones_strength,_but also develop ones character.练中国功夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。2016全国卷Garzas move was a success because it strengthened_her family ties.加尔扎的搬家是件成功的事，因为搬家这件事加强了她的家庭关系。As far as I know, repairs are necessary to strengthen_the_bridge.据我所知，这座桥需要加固。5benefitn利益；好处vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益.I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.(P14)我也就不着急了，并开始宣传我餐馆的食物的好处。【归纳拓展】(1)benefit from 从受益；得益于benefit sb. 对某人有益(2)be of (much/great) benefit to sb.be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益处for the benefit of. 为了的利益【语境助记】I benefit a great deal from reading.我从阅读中受益良多。It_really_benefited_me_a_lot to preview lessons, get actively involved in class, and review what had been taught after class.课前预习、课堂上积极参与以及课后复习所学知识，的确让我受益匪浅。Youd better go for a walk every evening for_the_benefit_of your health.为了有益于身体健康你最好每晚去散步。It is said that yoga is of great_benefit to human health.It is said that yoga is very_beneficial to human health.据说瑜伽对人体健康有很大益处。【过关演练】单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1As we all know, no one is perfect, and everyone has his own _ (weak)答案：weakness考查词性转换。weakness“弱点；劣势”。2The beautiful lady sat a little straighter and tried to look _ (slim) and younger.答案：slimmer考查形容词比较级。由and younger可知，应用比较级。3If you dont feel well, remember _ (consult) your doctor before taking any medicine.答案：to consult考查固定搭配。remember to do sth.“记得做某事”；consult your doctor“咨询你的医生”。4She _ (sigh) with relief that it was all over.答案：sighed考查动词时态。句意：事情总算全都过去了，她轻松舒了一口气。5Children are often full of _ (curious) and they take great interest in everything.答案：curiosity考查词性转换。介词of后面应该为名词，故填curiosity。6The firm is working on a new product in _ (combine) with several overseas partners.答案：combination考查词性转换。介词in后应为名词，故填combination。7Im _ a diet now and I dont want to put _ weight.答案：on; on第一空考查be on a diet，意为“节食”；第二空考查put on weight，意为“增加体重”。8The child said that he had _ (lay) the pen on the desk, but I thought he _ (lie) to me.答案：laid; lied第一空考查“放”的过去分词形式；第二空考查lie表示“撒谎”时的过去式。9His English was so _ (limit) that he couldnt even tell the foreign friend where he was from.答案：limited考查词性转换。此处应填形容词作表语。10A new round of competition for customers has started with _ (discount) products in Gome and Sunning, setting off a wave of shopping rush at the end of the year.答案：discounted考查词性转换。结合语意可知，商品是被打折扣的，故填过去分词。【短语冲关】1get away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚；携带潜逃 He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！(P10)他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！【归纳拓展】get away from 从脱离；逃脱get down to sth. 开始认真对待某事get rid of 摆脱；除掉get in 插话；收获get across 被理解；(把)讲清楚get through 花光(时间、钱等)；通过；接通电话get over 克服(困难)；从中恢复过来get into 染上；形成；养成get in touch with 与取得联系【语境助记】If you cheat in the exam youll never get_away_with it.考试作弊必予追究。I had hoped to take a holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get_away.我原本希望今年去度假的，但是我走不开。Its hard to get_down_to work after a nice holiday.愉快的假期过后，很难一下子投入工作。I have learned to get_over the difficulty in life and learned how to move on because of her.因为她，我已经学会了克服生活中的困难，并且学会怎样坚持下去。I called several times, but I couldnt get_through.我打了好几次电话，可就是打不通。It took a long time to get_across_to the workers the way the machine worked.向工人们解释清楚这台机器的工作原理花了很长的时间。2in debt 负债He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.(P14)他可不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。【归纳拓展】(1)be in debt 欠债；负债(表状态)be out of debt 还清债务(表状态)(2)pay off the debts 还清债务(表动作)get/run into debt负债(表动作)(3)be in ones debt 欠某人的情【语境助记】It is much easier to_get_into_debt than to_get_out_of_debt.借债容易还债难。Well run_into_debt if you spend more than our income.要是你花的比我们挣的还多，那我们就要欠债了。You have been so kind to us that we shall always feel we are deeply in_your_debt.你待我们太好了，我们将永远感激不尽。3cut down 砍倒；削减；删节In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.(P15)这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。【归纳拓展】cut away 切掉；砍掉cut in 插话；让某人分享利润cut up 切碎；齐根切掉cut out 删除cut through 开辟cut off 切断；中止；隔绝【语境助记】Immediate actions should be taken, like stopping cutting_down trees, to better the environment.应马上采取行动来改善环境，例如停止砍伐树木。My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has cut_down.我叔叔还是没有把烟戒掉，不过至少吸得少了。She is cutting_down her dress for her younger sister.她正把自己的衣服改小，准备给她妹妹穿。2016全国卷As the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.随着人口增长，人们开始将食物切成小块以便于更快煮熟。I cut this article out_of the newspaper.我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。Cut_up the carrots before you put them into the pot.把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅里。2016北京高考The town was cut_off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.由于大雪，这个小镇被切断了与外界的联系。Id feel very cut_off if I didnt know what was happening in the world.如果我不知道世界上发生了什么，我会感到与世隔绝。【过关演练】选词填空put on weight； get away with； before long； earn ones living； spy on； win back； be tired of； throw away； glare at； on a diet 1I dont need that chairyou can _ it _.答案：throw; away2All those present _ his long and dull speech and some even left the meeting room.答案：were tired of3I really ought to go on a diet. I _ so much since I gave up jogging.答案：have put on weight4I decided to go _ before holiday.答案：on a diet5As a responsible teacher, he wont have students _ cheating in the exam.答案：getting away with6Once you lie to others, its difficult to _ their trust in you.答案：win back7The spy caught _ the military base was sentenced to 20 years in prison and was limited to no relative visiting.答案：spying on8He didnt shout; he just _ me silently.答案： glared at9It is difficult for him _ as a musician living in a small city.答案：to earn his living10_， the noise dropped completely and the boat began to drift gently across the water.答案：Before long【句型探究】“Nothing could be better，”he thought.(P10)他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”【归纳拓展】否定词与比较级连用，实际上表示的是最高级的含义。表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构：(1)never比较级(2)比较级than(3)比较级than【语境助记】2016浙江高考I said I couldnt stand it one minute longer. I would rather be in prison!我说我实在受不了了。我宁愿坐牢(也要离开沙漠)!Remember, no one is better_than you and no one is smarter_than you.记住：没人比你更出色，没人比你更聪明。Nothing is more_valuable than time, but nothing is less valued.没有比时间更贵重的东西，但也没有比时间更容易被忽视的东西。Nothing is more_precious than health.健康是最重要的。As far as I am concerned, nothing is more_pleasant_than traveling.在我看来，没有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。Mr Stevenson is great to work forI really couldnt ask for a_better_boss.为史蒂文森先生工作真好我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。This book is more_interesting than any other book.与任何别的书相比，这本书最有趣。【过关演练】.单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1It is wrong for some parents to have their children _ (study) all day on weekends.答案：studying考查“have宾语doing”结构，表示“让一直做某事/一直处于状态”。2What do you think of the hotel?Wonderful. You couldnt have found a _ (good) one.答案：better考查否定词与形容词或副词比较级的连用表最高级的用法。3I had my watch _ (repair) because it didnt work.答案：repaired考查“have宾语宾补”的用法。其中watch与repair之间为被动关系，故用repaired。4With so many areas of forests _ (cut) down, a lot of wildlife is losing its natural habitat.答案：cut考查with复合结构。forests与cut之间为被动关系，因此用cut的过去分词形式。5Im sorry, shes not here. She _ have left already.完成句子1The teacher _ at school.老师决不容忍他的学生在校上课迟到。答案：cant have his students being late for class2Can you go to watch the football match with me tonight?今天晚上你和我一起去看足球赛好吗？Sorry, but I _.对不起，我有个重要的会议要参加。答案：have an important meeting to attend3Walking exercises may be boring at times, but on a clear sunny morning _.有时候散步有点无聊，但在一个晴朗的早上，没有比这更好的了。答案：nothing could be better than this情态动词()一.ought to/ought not to ought to意为“应该，应当”，其后必须跟动词原形，只有一种形式，没有人称和数的变化。ought to的否定形式为ought not to(或oughtnt to)，其一般疑问句形式是将ought置于主语前。We ought to stop polluting nature.我们应该停止污染大自然。You oughtnt to scold him.你不该责备他。二、have to/dont have to/mustnt1情态动词have to(口语中说成have got to)表示客观需要做的事情，意为“必须；不得不”。有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定式和疑问式应由助动词do构成。2have to的否定式为dont have to，表示“没有义务或没有必要做某事”，意为“不必”，常可以回答must提问的一般疑问句。而must的否定式mustnt表示“禁止”。 Must I do it at once? 我必须马上做吗？(作出肯定、否定回答)Yes，you have to(Yes, you must)/No，you neednt(No，you dont have to)是的，你必须。/不，你不必。You mustnt go out alone at night.晚上你一定不能独自出去。I had to leave yesterday.昨天我不得不离开。三、need/needntneed表示“需要”或“必要”，既可以作情态动词，也可以作实义动词，但是它们的用法不同。1作为情态动词，“need”通常用于否定句和疑问句。He neednt pay for it.他没必要付钱。Must I type this letter again?我需要把信再打印一遍吗？No，you neednt(you dont have to)/Yes, you must(you have to)不，你不必。/是的，你必须。2作为实义动词，同其他实义动词一样，可用于各种句式，有时态、人称、数的变化，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does。We need to help him.我们得帮助他。We dont need to tell him the truth.我们不必告诉他真相。【过关演练】在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ have taken the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.答案：neednt 考查情态动词用法。根据句意可知，此处表示“本没必要做的事情反而做了”。2We _ take combustible (易燃的) goods aboard.答案：mustnt考查情态动词用法。根据句意可知，此处表示“禁止做”，故填mustnt。3In order to become transparent, an animal needs _ (keep) its body from absorbing or scattering light.答案：to keep考查need作为实义动词的用法。主语与keep之间为主动关系，故应填to keep。4Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late. I really_ go now. My daughter is at home alone.答案：must考查情态动词用法。此处表示“必须”，故应填must。5You _ feel all the training a waste of time, but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it. 【2018天津】阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own _16_I learned this lesson from a(n) _17_ many years ago. I took the head _18_job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the _19_ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didnt even practice to _20_the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldnt _21_ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to _22_ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were _23_me. I had to change my _24_about their ability and potential.I started doing anything I could to help them build a little _25_. Most important, I began to treat them like _26_. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their _27_, we met every day and _28_passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our _29_on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to _30_. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a _31_for us even if we lost the game. But that wasnt what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest _32_of my life！From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can _33_ the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and_34_them. I helped them to see themselves _35_, and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made, but born.16.A.luckB. testsC. efforts D. nature17.A.experiment B. experience C. visit D. show18. A. operating B. editing C. consultingD. coaching19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret22. A. realize B. claimC. permit D. demand23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship26. A. leaders B. partnersC. winners D. leaners27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake30. A. relax B. improveC. expand D. defend31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect 34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D16. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. luck幸运；B. tests测试；C. efforts努力；D. nature自然。根据前一句No one is born a winner.（没有人天生就是赢家），根据常识可知，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。故选C。17. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A .experiment实验；B. experience经历；C. visit参观；D. show展示。根据下文可知，作者是从一次经历中得出这样的教训的。故选B。18. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. operating操作；B. editing编辑；C. consulting咨询；D. coaching指导。根据后文Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者在一所学校担任总教练工作。故选D。19. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. successf