《化学反应工程》第五版第二、第三章部分课后习题答案.pdf

C4H8 C4H6+ H2 4848 48462 4646 ( )( )() ( ) ()() ( ) ()( ) A C HC H BC HC HH CC HC H + + + 2-52-52-52-5丁烯制丁二烯 丁烯制丁二烯 假设反应按如下步骤进行假设反应按如下步骤进行: : : : （1 1 1 1）分别写出）分别写出A A A A、C C C C为控制步骤的均匀吸附动力学方程；为控制步骤的均匀吸附动力学方程； （2 2 2 2）写出）写出B B B B为控制步骤的均匀吸附动力学方程，若反应物为控制步骤的均匀吸附动力学方程，若反应物 和产物的吸附都很弱，问，此时反应对丁烯是几级反应。和产物的吸附都很弱，问，此时反应对丁烯是几级反应。 484848484848484848484848 4848464484846448484644848464 48484848 48484848 48484848 48464484644846448464 48484848 464622464622464622464622 1 1 1 1 6 6 6 6 1 1 1 1 6 6 6 6 48484848 (1)1 (1)1 (1)1 (1)1 11/ 1)211/ 1)211/ 1)211/ 1)2 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 =4;=4;=4;=4; C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H n n n n C HaC HidC HC HaC HidC HC HaC HidC HC HaC HidC H i i i i n n n n iC HC HC HC HiC HC HC HC HiC HC HC HC HiC HC HC HC H i i i i C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H C HC HHHC HC HHHC HC HHHC HC HHH P P P P rk pkrk pkrk pkrk pk bpbpbpbpbpbpbpbp bpbpbpbp bpbpbpbpbpbpbpbp C HC HC HC H pppPpppPpppPpppP K K K K = = = = = = = = =+=+=+=+ = （， 反反应应属属于于化化学学吸吸附附控控制制，根根据据平平衡衡近近似似假假设设： ， 由由4 4式式，又又由由表表面面反反应应的的化化学学平平衡衡： 462462462462462462462462 48484848 48484848 48484848 48462484624846248462 48484848 484624646484624646484624646484624646 5 5 5 5 / / / / 1/1/1/1/ C HHC HHC HHC HHC HHC HHC HHC HH C HC HC HC H C HPC HPC HPC HP a a a a C HaC HaC HaC Ha d d d d C HC HHpC HC HHpC HC HHpC HC HHp C HC HC HC H C HC HHpC HC HC HC HHpC HC HC HC HHpC HC HC HC HHpC HC H ppPPppPPppPPppPP P P P P PKPKPKPK k k k k bkkbkkbkkbkk k k k k k pppKk pppKk pppKk pppK r r r r bppKbpbppKbpbppKbpbppKbp = =将将上上2 2、3 3、4 4、5 5条条件件代代入入1 1式式，又又有有，并并令令，可可得得： （） （） （1 1 1 1）A A A A为控制步骤为控制步骤为控制步骤为控制步骤 464646464646464646464646 46464646 46464646 484846446484846446484846446484846446 484646484646484646484646 48484848 484822484822484822484822 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 6 6 6 6 1 1 1 1 46464646 (1)1 (1)1 (1)1 (1)1 11/ 1)2311/ 1)2311/ 1)2311/ 1)23 1 1 1 1 =4;=4;=4;=4; C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H n n n n C HdC HaC HiC HdC HaC HiC HdC HaC HiC HdC HaC Hi i i i i n n n n C HC HC HC H iC HC HC HC HC HiC HC HC HC HC HiC HC HC HC HC HiC HC HC HC HC H i i i i C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H C HC HHHC HC HHHC HC HHHC HC HHH C HC HC HC H P P P P rkk prkk prkk prkk p bpbpbpbp bpbpbpbpbpbpbpbp bpbpbpbpbpbpbpbp C HC HC HC H pppPpppPpppPpppP p p p p K K K K = = = = = = = = =+=+=+=+ = = = = = （， 由由题题设设知知反反应应属属于于的的脱脱附附控控制制，根根据据平平衡衡近近似似假假设设： ， 由由4 4式式，又又由由表表面面反反应应的的化化学学平平衡衡： 484848482 2 2 2 46464646 482482482482 46464646 48246482464824648246 46464646 464824848464824848464824848464824848 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 / / / / 1/1/1/1/ PC HPC HPC HPC HH H H H C HC HC HC H C HHC HHC HHC HH a a a a C HaC HaC HaC Ha d d d d C HpHC HC HpHC HC HpHC HC HpHC H C HC HC HC H C HC HpHC HC HC HC HpHC HC HC HC HpHC HC HC HC HpHC HC H K PK PK PK Pp p p p P P P P PPPPPPPP k k k k bkkbkkbkkbkk k k k k k pKppk pKppk pKppk pKpp r r r r bpKpbpbpKpbpbpKpbpbpKpbp = =将将2 2、3 3、4 4、5 5代代入入1 1式式，又又有有，并并令令，可可得得： （） （） （1 1 1 1）C C C C为控制步骤为控制步骤为控制步骤为控制步骤 48484848 48484848 48484848 484646484646484646484646 48484848 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H bpbpbpbp bpbpbpbpbpbpbpbp 由由 4848462484846248484624848462 1111 C HC HC HHC HC HC HHC HC HC HHC HC HC HH rkkPrkkPrkkPrkkP= 4646484822464648482246464848224646484822 ,=3;,=3;,=3;,=3; C HC HC HC HHHC HC HC HC HHHC HC HC HC HHHC HC HC HC HHH pppppPpppppPpppppPpppppP = = = = 反反应应属属于于化化学学反反应应控控制制，根根据据平平衡衡近近似似假假设设： ， 48462484624846248462 484646484646484646484646 4846484648464846 4846484648464846 12121212 12121212 , 1 1 1 1 C HC HHC HC HHC HC HHC HC HH C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H k pk ppk pk ppk pk ppk pk pp kkbkk brkkbkk brkkbkk brkkbkk br bpbpbpbpbpbpbpbp = = = = + 令令 ， 4846484648464846 48462484624846248462 46464646 4846484648464846 4846484648464846 1 1 1 1 C HC HHC HC HHC HC HHC HC HH C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H kbpk bppkbpk bppkbpk bppkbpk bpp r r r r bpbpbpbpbpbpbpbp = = = = + 将将上上2 2、3 3代代入入1 1式式，可可得得： （2 2 2 2）B B B B为控制步骤为控制步骤为控制步骤为控制步骤 48484848 48484848 48484848 484646484646484646484646 48484848 48484646484846464848464648484646 48484848 48484848 48484848 484646484646484646484646 48484848 484646484646484646484646 48484848 484484484484 4846484648464846 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,2;,2;,2;,2; 1 1 1 1 1,11,11,11,1 C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC H C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H C HCC HCC HCC HC bpbpbpbp bpbpbpbpbpbpbpbp pppppppppppppppp bpbpbpbp bpbpbpbpbpbpbpbp C HC HC HC HC HC HC HC H bpbpbpbpbpbpbpbp b b b b = 由由题题设设知知反反应应属属于于化化学学反反应应控控制制，根根据据平平衡衡近近似似假假设设： 因因为为反反应应物物，产产物物吸吸附附都都很很弱弱，即即： 所所以以， 8 8 8 8 48484848 C HC HC HC H H H H H p p p p 所所以以反反应应对对与与丁丁烯烯，是是1 1级级反反应应。 （2 2 2 2）丁烯反应级数判断）丁烯反应级数判断）丁烯反应级数判断）丁烯反应级数判断 2-10 2-10 2-10 2-10 某氨合成催化剂还原后比表面积某氨合成催化剂还原后比表面积S S S Sg g g g=13.1=13.1=13.1=13.1m m m m2 2 2 2/g /g /g /g，孔容，孔容V V V Vg g g g= = = = 0.082mL/g0.082mL/g0.082mL/g0.082mL/g。气体混合物中。气体混合物中y y y yNH3NH3NH3 NH3=0.09 =0.09=0.09=0.09，y y y yH2 H2H2H2=0.57=0.57=0.57=0.57，y y y yN2N2N2N2=0.19=0.19=0.19=0.19， y y y yCH4CH4 CH4CH4=0.10=0.10=0.10=0.10，y y y yArArArAr=0.05=0.05=0.05=0.05，温度，温度400400400400，压力，压力30.4MPa30.4MPa30.4MPa30.4MPa。催化剂的孔。催化剂的孔 隙率隙率=0.50=0.50=0.50=0.50， ，曲折因子曲折因子=2.5=2.5=2.5=2.5。 已知计算分子扩散系数时，各组分的分子扩散体积如下：已知计算分子扩散系数时，各组分的分子扩散体积如下： 氢氢6.126.126.126.12；氮；氮18.518.518.518.5；氨；氨20.720.720.720.7；甲烷；甲烷25.1425.1425.1425.14；氩；氩16.216.216.216.2。求：求： (1)(1)(1)(1)计入计入KnudsenKnudsenKnudsenKnudsen扩散时，氨的有效扩散系数扩散时，氨的有效扩散系数D D D Deffeffeff eff,NH3,NH3,NH3,NH3; ; ; ; (2)(2)(2)(2)不计入不计入KnudsenKnudsenKnudsenKnudsen扩散时，氨的有效扩散系数扩散时，氨的有效扩散系数D D D Deffeffeffeff,NH3,NH3,NH3 ,NH3; ; ; ; 解：解： 17171717; ; ; ;40404040; ; ; ;16161616; ; ; ;2 2 2 2; ; ; ;28282828 ; ; ; ;7 7 7 7 . . . .20202020) ) ) )( ( ( (; ; ; ;2 2 2 2 . . . .16161616) ) ) )( ( ( ( ; ; ; ;14141414. . . .25252525) ) ) )( ( ( (12121212. . . . 6 6 6 6) ) ) )( ( ( (5 5 5 5 . . . .18181818) ) ) )( ( ( ( ; ; ; ;4 4 4 4 . . . .30303030; ; ; ;15151515. . . .63763763763715151515. . . .273273273273400400400400 3 3 3 34 4 4 42 2 2 22 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 42 2 2 22 2 2 2 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =+ + + += = = = NHNHNHNHArArArArCHCHCHCHH H H HN N N N NHNHNHNHArArArAr CHCHCHCHH H H HN N N N MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM V V V VV V V V V V V VV V V VV V V V MPaMPaMPaMPaP P P PK K K KK K K KT T T T ； 又又 带入数据得：带入数据得： 由双分子扩散系数的经验公式得：由双分子扩散系数的经验公式得： ( ( ( () ) ) )( ( ( () ) ) ) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1.750.51.750.51.750.51.750.5 2 2 2 2 ,224,224,224,2242 2 2 2 1/31/31/31/31/31/31/31/3 11111111 0.001()0.001()0.001()0.001() / ()/ ()/ ()/ ()、 NHjNHjNHjNHj NHjNHjNHjNHj NHjNHjNHjNHj T T T T MMMMMMMM Dcms jNHCHArDcms jNHCHArDcms jNHCHArDcms jNHCHAr pVVpVVpVVpVV + + + + = + + + + 3232323232323232 343343343343 3222322232223222 , 3232323232323232 , 3.14 10/ ;1.06 10/ ;3.14 10/ ;1.06 10/ ;3.14 10/ ;1.06 10/ ;3.14 10/ ;1.06 10/ ; 3.21 10/ ;3.08 10/3.21 10/ ;3.08 10/3.21 10/ ;3.08 10/3.21 10/ ;3.08 10/ NHNNHHNHNNHHNHNNHHNHNNHH NHCHNHArNHCHNHArNHCHNHArNHCHNHAr Dcms DcmsDcms DcmsDcms DcmsDcms Dcms Dcms DcmsDcms DcmsDcms DcmsDcms Dcms = = 223223223223 32323232NHNHNHNHNHNHNHNH+又又： 3 3 3 32222222222222222 33333333 13131313 ,;,;,;,; 21322213222132221322 NHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNH NHNHNHNHNHNHNHNH N N N NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN NNNNNNNN = = = = = = = = 即 CHCHCHCH4 4 4 4、ArArArAr不参加反应，所以，不参加反应，所以，N N N NCH4CH4CH4 CH4=0; =0; =0; =0; N N N NArArArAr =0=0=0=0。 所以：所以： 由由Stefan-MaxwellStefan-MaxwellStefan-MaxwellStefan-Maxwell方程得：方程得： 33333333 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 , , , , , , , , / / / / n n n n iNHjNHiNHjNHiNHjNHiNHjNH NHmNHmNHmNHm j NHj NHj NHj NH NHjNHjNHjNHj yyNNyyNNyyNNyyNN D D D D D D D D = = = = 即得：即得： 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 , , , , 1 1 1 1 787.32 /787.32 /787.32 /787.32 / NHmNHmNHmNHm s cms cms cms cm D D D D = = = = 代入数据得代入数据得 23232323232323232323232323232323 33232332323323233232 4 4 4 4 343343343343 , , / 1 1 1 1 NNHNNHHNHHNHNNHNNHHNHHNHNNHNNHHNHHNHNNHNNHHNHHNH NHmNHNNHHNHmNHNNHHNHmNHNNHHNHmNHNNHH CHCHCHCH ArArArAr NHCHNHArNHCHNHArNHCHNHArNHCHNHAr yyNNyyNNyyNNyyNNyyNNyyNNyyNNyyNN DDDDDDDDDDDD y y y y y y y y DDDDDDDD =+=+=+=+ + 由于由于 46464646 2/2 0.082/(13.1 10 )1.25 102/2 0.082/(13.1 10 )1.25 102/2 0.082/(13.1 10 )1.25 102/2 0.082/(13.1 10 )1.25 10 aggaggaggagg rVScmrVScmrVScmrVScm = 33333333 22222222 9700/7.64 10/9700/7.64 10/9700/7.64 10/9700/7.64 10/ KNHaNHKNHaNHKNHaNHKNHaNH DrTMcmsDrTMcmsDrTMcmsDrTMcms = (1)(1)(1)(1)当计入当计入KnudsenKnudsenKnudsenKnudsen扩散时扩散时 333333333333 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 , 1111111111111111 787.32800.41 /787.32800.41 /787.32800.41 /787.32800.41 / 7.64 107.64 107.64 107.64 10 NH eNHmK NHNH eNHmK NHNH eNHmK NHNH eNHmK NH s cms cms cms cm DDDDDDDDDDDD =+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+= 得：得： 33333333 42424242 , , , , 0.5010.5010.5010.501 2.50 10/2.50 10/2.50 10/2.50 10/ 2.5800.42.5800.42.5800.42.5800.4 eff NHNH eeff NHNH eeff NHNH eeff NHNH e DDcmsDDcmsDDcmsDDcms = (2)(2)(2)(2)当不计入当不计入KnudsenKnudsenKnudsenKnudsen扩散时扩散时 33333333 2 2 2 2 , , , , 11111111 787.32 /787.32 /787.32 /787.32 / NH eNHmNH eNHmNH eNHmNH eNHm s cms cms cms cm DDDDDDDD = 得：得： 33333333 42424242 , , , , 0.5010.5010.5010.501 2.54 10/2.54 10/2.54 10/2.54 10/ 2.5787.322.5787.322.5787.322.5787.32 eff NHNH eeff NHNH eeff NHNH eeff NHNH e DDcmsDDcmsDDcmsDDcms = 2-11 2-11 2-11 2-11 求下述情况下，催化剂孔道中的求下述情况下，催化剂孔道中的COCOCOCO的有效扩散系数。已知的有效扩散系数。已知 气体混合物中各组分的摩尔分数：气体混合物中各组分的摩尔分数：y y y yH2O H2OH2OH2O=0.50=0.50=0.50=0.50，y y y yCOCOCOCO=0.1=0.1=0.1=0.1， y y y yCO2 CO2CO2CO2=0.06=0.06=0.06=0.06，y y y yN2N2N2N2=0.24;=0.24;=0.24;=0.24;温度温度400400400400，压力，压力0.709MPa0.709MPa0.709MPa0.709MPa。催化剂平均。催化剂平均 直径直径10nm10nm10nm10nm，孔隙率，孔隙率0.500.500.500.50，曲折因子，曲折因子2.062.062.062.06。 解：解： 997997997997 210105 105 10210105 105 10210105 105 10210105 105 10 aaaaaaaa drnmmrmcmdrnmmrmcmdrnmmrmcmdrnmmrmcm = 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 10101010 / 2 =10/ 2 =10/ 2 =10/ 2 =10 10101010 a a a a r r r r ，为为努努森森扩扩散散，所所以以有有： 7 7 7 7 22222222 673.15673.15673.15673.15 9700/9700 5 109700/9700 5 109700/9700 5 109700/9700 5 10 28282828 2.378 10/2.378 10/2.378 10/2.378 10/ KCOaCOKCOaCOKCOaCOKCOaCO DrTMDrTMDrTMDrTM cmscmscmscms = = = = = 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 , , , , 32323232 0.50.50.50.5 2.378 102.378 102.378 102.378 10 2.062.062.062.06 5.772 10/5.772 10/5.772 10/5.772 10/ eff CONH eKCOeff CONH eKCOeff CONH eKCOeff CONH eKCO DDDDDDDDDDDD cmscmscmscms = = 2-12 2-12 2-12 2-12 用空气在常压下烧去催化剂上的积碳，催化剂颗粒直径为用空气在常压下烧去催化剂上的积碳，催化剂颗粒直径为 5nm5nm5nm5nm，颗粒有效导热系数，颗粒有效导热系数e e e e=0.35J/=0.35J/=0.35J/=0.35J/( ( ( (m.s.Km.s.Km.s.Km.s.K) ) ) ), , , ,每燃烧每燃烧1molO1molO1molO1molO2 2 2 2放出放出 热量热量5.45.45.45.4101010108 8 8 8J J J J，燃烧温度，燃烧温度760760760760, , , ,时，氧在催化剂颗粒内的有效时，氧在催化剂颗粒内的有效 扩散系数为扩散系数为5 5 5 510101010-7 -7-7-7cm cmcmcm2 2 2 2/s /s /s /s。试估计定态下，催化剂颗粒表面与中。试估计定态下，催化剂颗粒表面与中 心的最大温差心的最大温差。 解：解： s s s sm m m mD D D DK K K KK K K KT T T T molmolmolmolJ J J JP P P PT T T TrHrHrHrHK K K Ks s s sm m m mJ J J J effeffeffeff e e e e / / / /101010105 5 5 5; ; ; ;15151515. . . .103310331033103315151515. . . .273273273273760760760760 / / / /101010104 4 4 4 . . . . 5 5 5 5) ) ) ), , , ,( ( ( (); ); ); );. . . . . ./( /( /( /(35353535. . . . 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 211111111 8 8 8 8 = = = = = = =+ + + += = = = = = = = = = = = 由已知条件：由已知条件： 2 2 2 2 222222222222 3 3 3 3 101325 0.21101325 0.21101325 0.21101325 0.21 2.477/2.477/2.477/2.477/ 8.3145 1033.158.3145 1033.158.3145 1033.158.3145 1033.15 O O O O OOOOOOOOOOOO PyPyPyPy PCRTCmol mPCRTCmol mPCRTCmol mPCRTCmol m RTRTRTRT = 常常压压下下的的气气体体可可看看作作理理想想气气体体混混合合物物，所所以以： ASAASAASAASA SAeffrSAeffrSAeffrSAeffr e e e e CCCCCCCC TTDH T PTTDH T PTTDH T PTTDH T P = ()( ,)()( ,)()( ,)()( ,) 由球形催化剂内组分的浓度差与温度差的关系式由球形催化剂内组分的浓度差与温度差的关系式 知当颗粒中心处知当颗粒中心处O O O O2 2 2 2的浓度为零，即的浓度为零，即C C C CO2 O2O2O2=0 =0=0=0时，温差最大。时，温差最大。 maxmaxmaxmax 118118118118 0 0 0 0 ( ,)( ,)( ,)( ,) 2.4772.4772.4772.477 5 105.4 105 105.4 105 105.4 105 105.4 10 0.350.350.350.35 0.1910.1910.1910.191 ASASASAS AeffrAeffrAeffrAeffr e e e e C C C C TDH T PTDH T PTDH T PTDH T P K K K K = = = = = = = = = 即即 代入数据代入数据 2-13 2-13 2-13 2-13 乙烯直接水合制乙醇可视为对乙烯的一级不可逆反应，乙烯直接水合制乙醇可视为对乙烯的一级不可逆反应， 在在300 300 300 300 、7.09M7.09M7.09M7.09MP P P Pa a a a下，下，k k k k=0.09=0.09=0.09=0.09s s s s-1 -1-1-1, , , ,D D D Deff effeffeff=7.04=7.04=7.04=7.0410101010-4 -4-4-4cm cmcmcm2 2 2 2/ / / /s s s s，采用直，采用直 径与高均为径与高均为5 5 5 5mmmmmmmm的圆柱形催化剂，求内扩散有效因子的圆柱形催化剂，求内扩散有效因子。 解：解： 323323323323 32338323383233832338 (2.5 10 )(5 10 )0.09(2.5 10 )(5 10 )0.09(2.5 10 )(5 10 )0.09(2.5 10 )(5 10 )0.09 2 (2.5 10 )2 (2.5 10 ) (5 10 )7.04 102 (2.5 10 )2 (2.5 10 ) (5 10 )7.04 102 (2.5 10 )2 (2.5 10 ) (5 10 )7.04 102 (2.5 10 )2 (2.5 10 ) (5 10 )7.04 10 0.9420.9420.9420.942 C C C C V V V Vppgspppgspppgspppgsp peffpeffpeffpeffpeffpeffpeffpeff k k k kVS kVVS kVVS kVVS kV SDSDSDSDSDSDSDSD = = = = = + = = = = 对于不同形状的催化剂颗粒，西勒模数均可表示为对于不同形状的催化剂颗粒，西勒模数均可表示为: : s s s scmcmcmcmD D D Ds s s sk k k k MPaMPaMPaMPaP P P PK K K KK K K KT T T T effeffeffeffV V V VC C C C / / / /1010101004040404. . . . 7 7 7 7; ; ; ;09090909. . . . 0 0 0 0 ; ; ; ;09090909. . . . 7 7 7 7; ; ; ;15151515. . . .57357357357315151515. . . .273273273273300300300300 2 2 2 24 4 4 41 1 1 1 = = = = = = = = = = = = = =+ + + += = = = 由已知条件：由已知条件： 3 0.9423 0.9423 0.9423 0.9423 0.9423 0.9423 0.9423 0.942 3 0.9423 0.9423 0.9423 0.9423 0.9423 0.9423 0.9423 0.942 111111111111 (3 )3(3 )3(3 )3(3 )3 11111111 0.9423 0.9420.9423 0.9420.9423 0.9420.9423 0.942 0.6930.6930.6930.693 thththth eeeeeeee eeeeeeee = + + + + = = = = = 2-14 2-14 2-14 2-14 某催化反应在某催化反应在500 500 500 500 下进行，已知本征反应速率下进行，已知本征反应速率r r r rA A A A= = = = 7.6967.6967.6967.69610101010-5 -5-5-5P P P PA A A A2 2 2 2mol/ mol/mol/mol/( ( ( (g.sg.sg.sg.s)( )( )( )(式中式中P P P PA A A A的单位为的单位为MMMMPaPaPaPa) ) ) )，催化剂为直径与，催化剂为直径与 高皆为高皆为5 5 5 5mmmmmmmm的圆柱体，的圆柱体， P P P P=0.8=0.8=0.8=0.8g g g g/ / / /cmcmcmcm3 3 3 3, , , ,颗粒外表面颗粒外表面A A A A的分压的分压 P P P PA A A A=0.101325=0.101325=0.101325=0.101325MMMMPaPaPaPa，粒内组分，粒内组分A A A A的有效扩散系数的有效扩散系数D D D Deffeffeff eff=0.025=0.025=0.025=0.025cm cmcmcm2 2 2 2/ / / /s s s s。 求催化剂的内扩散有效因子求催化剂的内扩散有效因子。 解：解： 52525252 562623562623562623562623 ( );( );( )( );( );( )( );( );( )( );( );( ) ; 7.696 107.696 107.696 107.696 10 7.696 10(10) (10)/()7.696 10(10) (10)/()7.696 10(10) (10)/()7.696 10(10) (10)/() C C C C AAAAAAAAAAAA wSVwSVwSVwSV C C C C gPCwSgvcwPgPCwSgvcwPgPCwSgvcwPgPCwSgvcwP APAAPAAPAAPA PAPAPAPA dNdNdNdNdNdNdNdNdNdNdNdN k f ck f ckf ck f ck f ckf ck f ck f ckf ck f ck f ckf c dWdSdVdWdSdVdWdSdVdWdSdV dSS dWdVdWkk SkkdSS dWdVdWkk SkkdSS dWdVdWkk SkkdSS dWdVdWkk Skk rPrPrPrP RTCmolcmsRTCmolcmsRTCmolcmsRTCmolcms = = = = 又又所所以以 所所以以， 由题意知，此为二级反应由题意知，此为二级反应 523523523523 33333333 7.69 100.8 (8.3145 773.15)/()7.69 100.8 (8.3145 773.15)/()7.69 100.8 (8.3145 773.15)/()7.69 100.8 (8.3145 773.15)/() 2.544 10/()2.544 10/()2.544 10/()2.544 10/() c c c c V V V V kcmmol skcmmol skcmmol skcmmol s cmmol scmmol scmmol scmmol s = = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3233323332333233 3233323332333233 / / / / (2.5 10 )(5 10 )2.544 100.101325(2.5 10 )(5 10 )2.544 100.101325(2.5 10 )(5 10 )2.544 100.101325(2.5 10 )(5 10 )2.544 100.101325 2 (2.5 10 )2 (2.5 10 ) (5 10 )8.3145 773.15 0.0252 (2.5 10 )2 (2.5 10 ) (5 10 )8.3145 773.15 0.0252 (2.5 10 )2 (2.5 10 ) (5 10 )8.3145 773.15 0.0252 (2.5 10 )2 (2.5 10 ) (5 10 )8.3145 773.15 0.025 1.0551.0551.0551.055 n n n n ppgsAsppppgsAsppppgsAsppppgsAspp VcAsVcAsVcAsVcAsVcAsVcAsVcAsVcAs peffpeffpeffpeffpeffpeffpeffpeffpeffpeffpeffpeff VS k CVVVS k CVVVS k CVVVS k CVV k Ck PRTk Ck PRTk Ck PRTk Ck PRT SDSDSDSDSDSDSDSDSDSDSDSD = = = = = + = = = = 3 1.0553 1.0553 1.0553 1.0553 1.0553 1.0553 1.0553 1.055 3 1.0553 1.0553 1.0553 1.0553 1.0553 1.0553 1.0553 1.055 1 1 1 111111111 11111111111111111111 = = = = (3)31.0553 1.055(3)31.0553 1.055(3)31.0553 1.055(3)31.0553 1.055 0.910.910.910