动词过去式变化规则.doc

动词过去式变化规则I一般过去时态定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。结构：“主语+动词的过去式”用法：1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 He was here yesterday. I got up at seven yesterday morning. My mother was at work yesterday afternoon. Did you have a good time last summer?2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 My mother often went to work by taxi last year. When I was a student, I often listened to music.3. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：一般过去式的用法： 一般过去式 表示过去的动作和状态，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句, 如yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。 I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。 I met him yesterday. 昨天我碰见了他。 I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday. 昨天我们去了天龙山。 一般过去式构成：表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示，而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。4. 一般过去时的标志词: last year; last night yesterday (+morning, afternoon, evening) in +过去时间词: in 1998 依上下文或句子。 II 过去式规则变化（a）动词词尾+“ed”。 walk walked（走）need needed （需要）（b）动词词尾为“e”时，加“-d”live lived（住）likeliked（喜欢）（c）动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时，去“y”加“ied”，若是词尾为“元音字母+y”，只加“ed”。study studied （学习）playplayed （游戏）（d）原形动词词尾为重读闭音节时，先双写该辅音字母再+“ed”stop stopped 过去式“-ed”的发音规则（1）动词词尾为“t，d”时，发/ Id /音，want wanted （要）need needed （需要）（2）动词词尾为等清辅音时，发/ t / 音。help helped （帮助）laugh laughed （笑）look looked （看） kiss kissed （吻）wash washed （洗） watch watched （注视）（3）动词词尾为以外之浊辅音或元音时，发/ d /音。call called （叫）staystayed （停留）crycried （哭）III 过去式不规则变化(一) 不变 1.cut-cut 2.let-let 3.put-put 4 read-read 5Must-must（二）改成a1. come-came 2.become-became 3. begin-began 4. drink-drank5.have-had 6.run-ran 7. sit-sat 8.ring-rang 9. sing-sang 10.swim-swam 11.give-gave（三）改成ght1. think-thought 2.fight-fought 3.bring-brought 4. buy-bought5. catch-caught 6. teach-taught（四）改成t1.keep-kept 2.sleep-lept 3.sweep-swept 4.feel-felt5.spend-spent 6.learn-learnt 7.mean-meant （五）改成ew1.blow-blew 2. know-knew 3.grow-grew 4. draw-drew5.throw-threw 6. fly-flew （六）改成o1.get-got 2.forget-forgot 3.write-wrote 4.ride-rode 5.drive-drove6.sell-sold 7.tell-told 8.stand-stood 9.understand-understood10.speak-spoke 11.hear-heard 12.take-took (七)其他形式1.make-made 2.hear-heard 3.eat-ate 4.mean-meant5.say-said 6.find-found 7.meet-met 8.see-saw9.can-could 10.shall-should 11.will-would 12. may-might13.go-went 14.see-saw 15.wear-wore (八)易错型 Think-thought / thank-thanked take-took / talk-talked 提示a. beat的过去式与原形同形： beat（打击） beat（过去式） beaten（过去分词）b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种，含义不同 lie lied, lied（说谎） lie lay, lain（躺，位于）c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种，含义不同 hang hanged, hanged（处绞刑） hang hung, hung(挂，吊)d. welcome（欢迎）一词是规则动词，不可误用为不规则动词 welcome welcomed, welcomed（正） welcome, welcome（误）e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词 hit（打） hit（正） hit （打） hitted（误）IV. 句型转化：1be 动词的过去时的句型如下： (1)否定句：主语 + be动词的过去式（was, were）+ not (2)疑问句： be动词的过去式（was, were）+ 主语？ a.He was busy yesterday. (肯定句) 他昨天很忙。 b.He was not busy yesterday. (否定句) 他昨天不忙。 c.Was he busy yesterday? (疑问句) 他昨天忙吗？ d.There werent any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。 e. Were there any boys in the room? 房间里有男孩儿吗？2行为动词的否定式和疑问式： (1)若肯定句中只有一个行为动词,那就得在行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didnt,并把这个行为动词由过去式改为动词原形。例如： a. I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. I did not / didnt call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. b. I borrowed a book from Sun Yang last Sunday. I didnt borrow a book from Sun Yang last Sunday. (2) 行为动词的一般疑问句若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did.例如： a. We stayed there for 10 days last month. Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we did. / No, we didnt. b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening. Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, she didnt动词变过去式的规则以及发音规律规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有：1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: wantwanted, workworked, needneeded, cleancleaned2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：likeliked, livelived, useused, movemoved3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstopped, triptripped4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：studystudied, carrycarried, hurryhurried, marrymarried不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法：1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如putput, letlet, cutcut, beatbeat2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:buildbuilt, lendlent, sendsent, spendspent3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：meanmeant, burnburnt, learnlearnt4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如：blowblew, drawdrew, knowknew, growgrew5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keepkept, sleepslept, feelfelt,