2013中考15天冲刺知识汇总资料.doc

2013中考冲刺知识汇总资料黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和马铃薯 hero，Negro，tomato和potato， 加es变复数1.表示确定数目中的“一个”与“另一个”时，用onethe other。如图所示：nonethe otherThere are two books on the desk.One is Lilys,the other is Lucys.课桌上有两本书，一本是莉莉的，另一本是露茜的。表示不定数目中的“一个”与“另一个”，用“oneanother”。如图所示：noneanotherI dont like this one,show me another,please. 我不要这个，请拿另一个给我看。强调确定数目中的“一个”与“其余的”，用onethe others。如图所示：nnnnnonethe othersOf the six students,one is going home,the others are going to the cinema. 六个学生中，一个将要回家，其余(五个人)要去看电影。表示许多人或物中的“一部分”和“另一部分(并非全部)”，用someothers。如图所示：nnnnnsomeothersThere are lots of people in the park on Sunday.Some are walking and others are climbing the hills. 星期日公园里有许多人，有的在散步，有的在爬山。表示许多人或物中的“一部分”“其余的全部分”，用somethe others。如图所示：nnnnnsomethe othersThe students of Class Two are working on the hill.Some are carrying water,some are digging,the others are planting trees.二班的学生正在山上劳动，一些人在提水，一些人在挖坑，其余的在植树。表示“一个接一个地”，用one after another。如图所示： nnnnn例如：The students came one after another.同学们一个接一个地来201、时间表达：直接读 先时后分 7:10 seven ten 间接读 分钟数30 用past 分钟数30 用 to 4:15 a quarter past four 4:30 half past four 4:45 a quarter to four巧记表示方位的介词in，on，to表示方位时容易用混淆。下面的图示能帮你辨别其用法。A 北DCB 西 东 南B is in the east of AC is on the east of AD is to the east of A用because不用so，用but不用though五、each 和由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词都看作单数1Each of us has something to say about the subject. （注意如果是we each 就不一样了）3Just a minute, someone is talking with manager.来源:学#科#网十、分数，百分数 + of + 名词做主语时，主要看名词是单数还是复数；是可数还是不可数1More than 70% of the earth is covered with water.2Two thirds of the work has been finished so far.360% of the students have arrived.4One fourth of the population here are workers.但，population 单独做主语，为单数如：What is the population of the city?十二、表示时间，数量，长度及价值的名词尽管是复数形式但常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数1Today ten thousand yuan is not a large number.来源:Z&xx&k.Com2100 miles was covered in a single night.十三、or; not onlybut also; neithernor; eitheror并列两个主语时，谓语动词和就近的保持一致1Not only the students but also the teacher wants to see the film.2Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.3Either you or Xiao Li is mistaken.重点句型及考点索引1 as soon as 一。就。考点索引：时间状语从句感性认识，引导词，时态（主将从现、主过从过）2 be as.as/be not as.as和。一样考点索引：系+as 形容词原型.as/实意动词+as副词as3 as.as possible 尽可能。考点索引：as.as中间副词原型4 ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物 考点索引：sb.有时可省略5 ask sb.(not )to do sth让某人做某事/让某人不要做某事 考点索引：动词不定时为V.+to+V.6 tell sb. (not )to do sth让某人做某事/让某人不要做某事(同上）8 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 考点索引：注意doing9 be famous for /be ready for /be late for /be sorry for为/以.而著名/准备/迟到/抱歉 考点索引：系动词不能丢、for后接动名词/名词15 get on/along with 与某某相处考点索引： well的位置17 had better(not)do sth.最好做。考点索引：do原型18. I dont think that.我认为不。考点索引：主语是第一人称时否定前移来源:Zxxk.Com19. Its bad/good for.sb.to do.对。有害/有益考点索引：动词不定时说明原因20. enjoy/practise/finish/mind/keep/consider doing喜欢/实践/完成/介意/ 一直做，持续做某事/继续某事 考点索引：这几个词只加doing25There be 有。（表存在）考点索引：就近关系（there be不能和have连用）26Keep/make sth+adj.保持/使。考点索引：状态 后接形容词30Not.at all 根本不考点索引：注意not和系动词实义动词连用问题31Not only.but also.不但.而且 考点索引：就近关系, 体会作主语和宾语区别.34find it+adj+to do sth.发现干某事。（怎没样）考点索引：形式宾语it和to do是一种意思。35. It is one of +最高级+名词复数。最。之一。考点索引：名词复数36. It is the second+最高级+名词。第二。考点索引：名词单数 40.Take sth to sp.带走某物考点索引：离说话者越来越远43.I would like to/Would you like to do?我想要/你想要。吗/考点索引：相当于want to do/feel like doing。回答Yes，please.Yes，Id love to.区分44.Will(would,could)you please do.?你。好吗?考点索引：加动词原形45.Its important for sb to do sth.对于。很重要 考点索引：动词不定时说明原因46.Used to do 过去常常 考点索引：不要加be。be used to doing习惯于做某事48.See/hear sb.do(doing)sth (看到听到过某事/看到听到在做某事）考点索引：do和doing区分49.The+比较级.,the+比较级 .越。越。考点索引：句子为倒装，多音节词的比较级53.Why.not do/dont you.?。为什么不呢考点索引：征求意见1、同义词或词组之间的转换。（通常上下句时态保持一致）。常见的同义词或词组有：；(5)两个“有空”（befreehavetime）；(6)三个“入睡”（gotosleepgettosleepfallasleep）；(8)“给打电话”（callsbtelephonesbgivesb.acallmakeatelephonetosb.） (11)在方面帮助helpwithhelp(to)do(12)在差beweakindobadlyin (15)充满了befullofbefilledwith(16)放弃干giveupdoingstopdoing (19)展览onshowondisplay (23)最后，终于atlastintheend(24)与不同bedifferentfrombenotthesameas(25)从借入borrowfromlendto(26)乘公汽/火车/的士gotobybus/train/taxitakeabus/train/taxito(27)乘自行车去gotobybikerideabiketo (29)步行去walktogotoonfoot2、同义句型之间的转化。常见的同义句型有Itseemsthat从句Somebodyseems（tobe）+adj/nItskindofsb.todoSomebodyiskindtodoWhatdoesmean?Whatdoyoumeanby?或Whatsthemeaningof?ThereissomethingwrongwithSomethingiswrongwithWhatswrongwith?Whatsthematterwith?Howis?Whatslike?Howdoyoulike?Whatdoyouthinkof?ItstimethatItstimeforsb.todoCanIhelpyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?一 同义词互相转换1 alone=by oneselfWe finished the work alone./by ourselves.2 actually=in factActually, this question is very easy./ In fact, this question is very easy.3 also=too=as wellHes also a member of us./Hes a member of us, too./Hes a member of us as well.5 arrive in(at)/=get to=reachWhen she arrived in/got to/reached America, she suddenly felt lonely.6 at once=right nowRun home at once=Run home right now.7 continue/go onLets continue/go on reading the passage.8 cost=spend=take=pay(1) I spent ten yuan of/(in) buying this book./This book cost me ten yuan./I paid ten yuan for this book.(2) It took us three days to fulfill this task./We spent three days on this task/in fulfilling this task.9 cross=go acrossBefore crossing/going across the road, please look both sides.10 sometimes/=at timesHe is a good man, but he can be really bad-tempered sometimes./at times.12 now/at the momentShe is talking about the problem with her classmates now./at the moment15 like/love/enjoy/be fond of/be interested in/care forShe likes/enjoys/loves/is fond of/is interested in/cares for collecting stamps very much.16 will/be going toThe teachers will/are going to have a meeting tomorrow afternoon.17 want/would likeDo you want to go abroad to study further?/Would you like to go abroad to study further/18 can/be able to/have the ability to doCan you tell me the way to the library?/Are you able to tell me the way to the library?/Do you have the ability to tell me the way to the library?19 visit/call onLin Tao visited/called on his grandparents last week.20 favorite/like bestWhats your favorite sport?/What sport do you like best?22 decide/make a decision/make up ones mindShe cant decide/make a decision/make up her mind where to go.24 finally/at last/in the endFinally/At last/In the end, she won the race.25 leave/be awayHe left yesterday./He has been away for a day.26 return.to ./give backHe hasnt returned the book to me./He hasnt given the book back to me. return/go backHe will go back/return in a month.28 over/more thanOver/More than a hundred people tried this new kind of food.31 walk/ goon footDo you walk to school every day?/Do you go to school on foot every day?35 maybe/perhaps/may beMaybe/Perhaps it is not my pen./ The pen may not be mine.2 all over the world/around the world/in the worldEnglish is spoken widely all over the world./around the world4 asas possible/asas sb canRun home as fast as possible/as fast as you can to tell your mother the good news.5 at risk/in danger/in troubleThe pandas in our country are at risk/in danger6 at the age of/when sb.+be+years oldHis parents died when he was six years old./His parents died at the age of six.8 be careful/look out/take careLook out!/Be careful/Take care! The flood is coming.9 be worried about/worry aboutLiu Ming is worried about his following oral test./Liu Ming cant stop his following oral test.10 bothand/not onlybut alsoHe is not only a singer but also a doctor./He is both a singer and a doctor.11 be good at/do well inHe is good at drawing./He does well in drawing.12 be proud of/take pride inWe are all proud of our countrys astronaut./He takes pride in our countrys astronaut.13 come up with/think of/have an ideaTome came up an idea./Tom thought of an idea./Tom had an idea.14 ride a bike/goby bikeHe often rides a bike to work./He often goes to work by bike.15 come from/be fromWhere do you come from?/Where are you from?16 have a good time/enjoy oneself/play happilyWe had a good time/enjoyed ourselves/played happily on Christmas Day.18 hear from/receive(get) a letter fromShe is very happy to hear from/receive a letter from a Canadian friend.21 in order to/in order that/ so that/He worked day and night in order to be a successful man./He worked day and night in order that he could be a successful man./He worked day and night so that he could be a successful man.22 keep off/keep away fromKeep off /Keep away from the grass!24 keep sb. from doing/stop sb. (from) doing/prevent sb. (from) doingTrees can stop the soil flowing away./ Trees can prevent the soil flowing away./Trees can keep the soil from flowing away.25 learn by oneself/ teach oneselfNobody taught him. He learnt it by himself./He taught himself.26 like better than/preferto/prefer to dorather than do John likes swimming better than skating./John prefers swimming to skating./John prefer to swim rather than skate.28 look after well/take good care ofThanks for looking after my cat well /taking good care of my cat while I was away.30 shall we/Lets.Shall we watch the film together?/Lets watch the film together.31 take part in/join in/participate inHe took part in /joined in/participated in the match.32 tooto/sothat/enough toHe is too busy to visit us./He is so busy that he cant visit us./He is not free enough to visit us.三 同义句型互相转换1运用两种时态（一般过去时和现在完成时互相转换）(1) He left last year.(2) He has been away for one year.(3) He has been away since a year ago.(4) It is a year since he left.2最高级和比较级的互相转换(1) He is the tallest student in his class.(2) He is taller than any other student in his class.(3) He is taller than the other students in his class.(4) No one else is taller than him in his class.3运用两种语态（主动语态和被动语态互相转换）I clean my room every day./My room is cleaned every day.4感叹句的两种句型之间互相转换What a careful girl she is!/How careful the girl is!5运用关联词语合并句子(1) Amy cant dance. Susan cant, either.Neither Amy nor Susan can dance.(2) I has eaten breakfast and my mother has eaten it, too.Both my mother and I have eaten breakfast.6运用复合句和不定式互相转换(1) I hope that I can visit the moon one day./I hope to visit the moon one day.(2) He told me how he could use a computer./He told me how to use a computer.7运用不同的句式结构互相转换(1) She wants to go shopping and her friends want to go shopping, too./She wants to go shopping, and so do her friends.(2) He went to bed after he finished his homework./He went to bed after finishing his homework./He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.(3) Come on, or well miss the early bus./If we dont hurry, well miss the early bus.(4) The man gave us a talk last week, and he will give us another talk this week./The man who gave us a talk last week will give us another talk this week.8用it做形式主语互相转换(1) He can finish the work easily./It is easy for him to finish the work.(2) We found it hard to skate./We found it was hard to skate.when，while的用法：均可表示“当的时候”，但有区别：when：既可接表示动作性或短暂性的动词，也可接表示状态的动词，不强调主从句谓语动作同时发生。有时还有“这时”的意思。while：常接持续性的动词，强调主从句谓语动作同时发生，常用进行时。有时还有对比意义，意为“然而”。much too+adj/adv(原级)too much+n.(u.)too many+n.(pl.)Its high time you had your hair cut ; its getting .A. too much long B. much too long C. long too much D. too long much sth：与一致/符合 sb：同意某人 with ones idea/opinion 同意某人的意见 what sb said (观点，所说的话) to ons plan/ suggestionagree 同意某人的计划、安排、意见 about/on/upon sth同意做某事 to do sth that-clause n. doing/to do sth sb to do sthprefer+ sth to sth doing A to doing B to do A rather than do sth that sb (should) do sthhave / has been to: 曾经去过 have / has gone to: 已经去了have / has been in: 已在(多久) 注意：1)后接地点副词here, there , home时应省介词2)与时间段连用只用have /has been in166、 try/do ones best to do sth 尽某人最大的努力去做某事 167、 try to do sth 尽力做 try doing sth 尝试做 194、星期： Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday195、月份：January February March April May June July August September October November December199、数词： 40 forty 第一 first 第二 second 第三 third 第五 fifth 第九 ninth 第十二 twelfth 第二十 twentieth200、in the 1980s 在二十世纪八十年代201、时间表达：直接读 先时后分 7:10 seven ten 间接读 分钟数30 用past 分钟数30 用 to 4:15 a quarter past four 4:30 half past four 4:45 a quarter to four39、 be made from 由制成(制成以后看不见原材料) be made in 在生产或制造be made of 由制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)88、 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦 185、联系动词（taste吃起来/sound听起来/look看起来/smell闻起来）+adj 205、So + 动词 + 主语 . (用于肯定) Me too . 也是这样的. Neither / Nor + 动词 + 主语 . (用于否定) Me either . 也不. So + 主语 + 动词 . 的确如此（三）基本句型（Basic Sentence Patterns）：英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：1）主 + 动（SV）例如：I work.我工作。 2）主 + 动 + 表（SVP）例如：John is busy.约翰忙。3）主 + 动 + 宾（SVO）例如：She studies English.她学英语。4）主 + 动 + 宾 + 补（SVOC）例如：Time would prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的。5）主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾（SVOiODo）例如：My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。 反意疑问句 1）陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。例如： Some plants never blown （开花）, do they ? 有些植物从不开花，对吗？2）陈述部分有have to +v. （had to + v.），疑问部分常用dont +主语（didnt +主语）。例如：We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we? 我们要在明天早上八点到达那儿，是吗？3）陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didnt +主语或 usednt +主语。例如： He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he? 他以前常在那儿拍照，是吗？4）陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadnt you? 例如： Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you? 你最好自己去读，好吗？5）陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wou