宾语从句复习教案.docVIP

宾语从句复习教案目标：掌握宾语从句的用法过程一 定义：由一个句子来充当动词的宾语，这样的复合句叫宾语从句。例如： He can speak English （这是简单句，不是宾语从句） (动词)（名词宾语） He says (that) he can speak English （宾语从句） (动词) （句子宾语） He says(that) he can speak English (主句) （从句）二 宾语从句连接词：宾语从句通常由连接词来连接。（一） 由 that连接（that在句中不作成分，无意义，可省略） 注：所跟从句为陈述句时，用that连接例如： He says. He is a student. (合并为一句) He says ( _ ) he is a student.（二） 由If或whether连接（If/whether当“是否”讲.在句中不作成分，但有意义，不可省略）注：所跟从句为一般疑问句时，用If/whether连接例如： He asks. Is he a student? (合并为一句) He asks_he is a student.注：if和whether引导宾语从句的区别if和whether引导宾语从句通常可互换，但在下列情况下只可用whether。介词后的宾语从句直接与or not连用在带to的不定式前Im thinking about_(whether/if)we should go fishing.I dont know_(whether/if)or not he passed the exam.She hasnt decided_(whether/if)to go or not.（三）由特殊疑问词 who. Whose. Whom. Which. When. Where. How. How many. How long. How soon. How often 等连接。（ 这些词在句中作成分，有意义，不可省略） 注：所跟从句为特殊疑问句时，用特殊疑问词连接。例如： He wants to know. When will he come back? (合并为一句) He wants to know_she will come back.二 宾语从句语序： 从句用陈述语序例如： 1. He asks if he is a student. (陈述语序) 2. He asks if is he a student. （） (疑问语序)三 宾语从句时态：. 当主句谓语动词为现在时态（并非只指一般现在时，也可以是一般将来时，现在进行时等现在时态）时，从句谓语动词用它所需要的任何一种时态。例如： he _( study ) English every day he _( study ) English now he _( study ) English tomorrowHe says (that) he _( study ) English for five years he _( study ) English from 8 to 9 yesterday evening he _( study ) English five days ago. 当主句谓语动词为过去时态（并非只指一般过去时，只要是过去的时态形式即可）时，从句谓语动词必须用它所相对应的过去时形式。例如： he _( study ) English every day he _( study ) English now he _( study ) English tomorrowHe said (that) he _( study ) English for five years he _( study ) English from 8 to 9 yesterday evening he _( study ) English five days ago. 当从句描述的是事实、真理或格言、谚语时，从句谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制，都用一般现在时。例如： He says ( said ) that the earth _ ( go ) around the sun. He says ( said ) that it _ ( be ) better to give than to revieve.注意以下这种结构： Could you tell me when I can leave ? “could” 这里表委婉语气，不是指过去时, 所以从句用 “can” 而不能用 “could”。四 宾语从句与简单句的转化： 在特殊疑问词及whether引导的宾语从句中，当主句的主语和从句的主语、主句的宾语和从句的主语指同一个人时，从句可以转化成“特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式”或“whether + 动词不定式”的形式，从而使宾语从句成为一个简单句。例如： I want to know when I will go to Beijing (同义句) I want to know when to go to Beijing She asked me whether I could finish my homework （同义句） She asked me whether to finish my homework. 祈使句变为引导的宾语从句（将祈使句变为宾语从句时，用ask/tell/order sb (not) to do sth等转述。）e.g. 1. Mr Green said to his son, “Open the door.” Mr Green told his son to open the door. 2. The police shouted to him, “Hands up.”The police ordered him to put up his hands.4、当主句为 Could you (please) tell us-?时，只表示语气，而不表示过去时态。（ 注：宾语从句， 主要从三个方面考查 （三要素） 1. 连接词 2. 语序 3. 时态宾语从句练习题（一）：（一）宾语从句通常由以下连词所引导：（1）由_引导时，它无实义，常省略。例如：She says _ she will leave a message. 她说她将留言。（2）由_或_ 引导。其意义是_ 例如：He asked me if/whether I could speak English. 他问我是否会说英语。I wonder if/whether he is a teacher. 我想知道他是否是一名教师。（3）由连接代词（what, which, who, whom, whose）或连接副词（how, where, when, why）引导的宾语从句。例如：I cant understand _ you said. 我不能理解你说的话。He wanted to know _the building would be set up. 他想知道这座楼房何时建成。(二) 注意宾语从句的语序, 无论从句是什么句式，宾语从句必须是_语序。Did you hear what I had said?I want to know if the train leaves at six p.m.I dont know when he arrived.（三）主句与宾语从句的时态关系 主句与宾语从句的时态关系有以下三种情况：（1）若主句用了现在时，则宾语从句可用其所需要的任何时态。例如：I think he often _ books. ( read ) 我认为他经常读书。I think he _ here tomorrow. ( come) 我认为明天他会来这儿。He says that they _in Tokyo yesterday. (arrive )他说他们昨天到达了东京。Im sure that Linda _ there before. ( be ) 我确信琳达以前去过那儿。（2）若主句用了过去时，则宾语从句需用 过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）的某种形式。例如：He said he _ right. ( be ) 他说他是正确的。He said he _ TV at that time. ( watch) 他说在那时他正在看电视。Tom told me that he _ to Mount Tai. ( travel ) 汤姆告诉我他将去泰山旅游。（3）若宾语从句陈述的是 客观真理、客观事实、科学原理、格言、谚语等，则不受主句时态的限制，通常用 一般现在时。例如：The teacher told us that the earth _round the sun. ( move)老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。He said one and one _ two. ( be) 他说一加一等于二。(四) if和whether引导宾语从句的区别if和whether引导宾语从句通常可互换，但在下列情况下只可用whether。介词后的宾语从句直接与or not连用在带to的不定式前Im thinking about_(whether/if)we should go fishing.I dont know_(whether/if)or not he passed the exam.She hasnt decided_(whether/if)to go or not. (五) 宾语从句与简单句的转换由特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句，当从句主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句常简化为_的形式。I dont know what I should do.=I dont know_ _ _.John didnt decide which book he would buy.=John didnt decide_ _ _ _.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?=Could you tell me _ _ get to the station?Could you tell me where we show our tickets?=Could you tell me_ _show our tickets?Could you tell me how to get to the nearest underground station?=Could you tell me_ _ _get to the nearest underground station? （ 注意：做宾语从句的练习时，只要把这三个方面结合起来考虑，一般不会出错。） 达标测试题一、连接词1. - Will you please show me how to do the role-play exercise? - Sure. Now let me tell you _ first. A. which to do B. how to do C. when to do D. what to do2. Have you decided _to do next? Not yet. A. what B. how C. where D. when3. I need your help because I dont know_.A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it D. what should I do4. Will the 29th Olympic Games be held in Beijing? Could you tell me?（合并成含有宾语从句的复合句）Could you tell me _ the 29th Olympic Games _ be held in Beijing?5. While flying, a bat makes a sound which hits things and comes back to its ears. In this way its able to know _ the things are and avoid bumping into them.A. how B. where C. what D. which6. I wonder _ you would like to come to my birthday party.A. that B. whether C. that if D. that whether7. _ pretty your dress is! Where did you get it?A. How B. How a C. What D. What a 8. -Millie, could you give me some advice? I dont know _. -Why dont you wear this red shirt? A. when to wear B. what to wear C. how to wear D. where to wear9. How are you feeling here? Its quite hot. I dont know _ to go or stay. A. how B. when C. whether D. where 10. -Do you remember_ he came here?-Of course I do. His father drove him here.A. whether B. when C. how D. why二、语序、时态1. Do you know _ over there?A. what happensB. what was happened C. what is happeningD. what did happen2. I didnt understand _, so I raised my hand to ask. A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher say C. what my teacher said D. what did my teacher say3. -Can you see _? -No. Lets go and have a look. Maybe we can help them. A. what was going on there B. what are they doing there C. what were they doing there D. what is going on there4. -Could you tell me _ for the meeting yesterday?-Because the traffic was bad. A. why did you come late B. why you came late C. why do you come late D. why you come late5. Tom said he_back in a week. A. will come B. would come C. come6. Excuse me. Where does Mr. Wang live? Im sorry. I dont know_ A. where he lives B. where he live C. where does he live7. Could you tell me _, please?Yes. Walk along Zhongshan Road for about 300 metres. Its on your left. A. how can I get to Hualian SupermarketB. how I can get to Hualian SupermarketC. how did I get to Hualian Supermarket D. how I got to Hualian Supermarket8. Please tell me_. I have some good news for him.A. where Robert lives B. where does Robert live C. where Robert lived D. where did Robert live9. -Excuse me, could you tell me _? -Sorry, sir. I wasnt there at that time. A. how did the accident happen B. how the accident happened C. how does the accident happen D. how the accident happens10. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ?A. where is the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bankC. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where 11. I dont know_ the charity show tomorrow. Can you tell me? A. when we start B. when did we start C. when we will start D. when will we start12. No one can be sure_ in a million years.A.what man looks like B. what will man look like C. what man looked like D. what man will look like三、结合运用（一）单项选择1. Excuse me. Could you tell me _? Yes. There is a video shop on River Road. A. where can I buy some CDsB. where I can buy some CDsC. when can I buy some CDsD. when I can buy some CDs 2. Mrs Brown couldnt find her purse. She didnt remember _.A. whose it wasB. where it wasC. what it wasD. when it was3. -Could you tell me _ tomorrow morning? -Well, it will start at 9 clock. A. when the film will start B. where will the film starts C. when will the film start D. where the film will start4. 一Paul，I hear you have just bought a very expensive MP41 want to know Oh，in Japan Ahow much it COSTS Bwhere you bought it Cwhich country is it made in5. Can you guess the MP4 player yesterday ? Sorry , Ive no idea about it . A.how much did he pay for B.how can he get C.how much he paid for D.how he has got6. What time will Mr Brown be back to China? Sorry. I dont know_. A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad7. The light in his room is still on. Do you know_? In order to prepare for the coming exam.A. if he works hard B. why he stays up so late C. why is he so busy D. when he will stop working8. Do we have to hold our English party in the classroom?Well, I dont know _ if not here.A. when can we do it B. when we can do itC. where can we do it D. where we can do it9. Can you tell me _?By doing more speaking.A. how I will improve my EnglishB. which way can I chooseC. how do I deal with my EnglishD. whats wrong with my English（二） 把下列两个简单句合并为一句。1. “These flowers are from Guangdong.” Tom said. Tom said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. “Light travels faster than sound.” My teacher told Mark. My teacher told Mark _ light _ faster than sound.3. “There will be a meeting in five days.” Jack didnt know. Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4. “Can they speak French?” I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5. “Are the children playing games?” Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games.6. “Have you finished your homework yet?” Mr. Guo asked Sun Jia. Mr. Guo asked Sun Jia _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?8. Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car?9. “What does he often talk about?” Nancy wondered. Nancy wondered _ _ often _ about.10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know. I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly.11. “Do you want to try it?” Toms mother asked him.（同义句） To