综合英语UnitFifteen.ppt

Unit 15,The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical Analysis,Lead-in Questions,1. What is your understanding of happiness? List some popular sayings on the definition of happiness.,2. What do you think are the ingredients of happiness? Make a list of the determinants of happiness.,Paragraph 1,Why does the writer say that the question of the roots of happiness has been much of speculation? The hypothese, which have not gone through theoretical evaluation, can only be called as speculation. How many questions are raised in this paragraph? Five. Why does the writer ask so many questions in the first paragraph? The writer intends to call readers attention to, and then proceed to explore the causes of happiness.,much of speculation: mostly a conjecture without firm evidence speculation: the act of guessing without knowing all the facts about sth Former speculations about life on other planets were mere guesses. Their speculations are still far from the truth.,Hypothesis: an idea that is suggested as a possible way of explaining a situation, proving an idea, etc, which has not yet been shown to be true Eg. Different hypotheses have been put forward to explain why a number of ships and aircraft disappear in that area. (pl. hypotheses) Similar examples: basis (pl bases), thesis (theses), diagnosis (diagnoses),Abound: to exist in very large numbers or quantities These essays abound in wit. I have visited several places abounding with deer.,Paragraph 2-18,Name the factors that are not important to happiness, those that are somewhat important and those that are very important?,UNIMPORTANT money, age, gender, parenthood, intelligence, physical attractiveness, community.,SOMEWHAT IMPORTANT health, social activity, religion, culture,MOST IMPORTANT love marriage work personality,Highlight: to make a problem or subject easy to notice so that people pay attention to it The prime ministers speech highlighted the importance of military defense. The report of Dept. of Commerce highlighted the need to reduce the tariffs.,Voracious: eating or wanting large quantities of food; extremely eager to gain knowledge He has a voracious appetite. Marie is a voracious reader. She is eager to read all sorts of magazines and books.,hassle: 1）sth that is annoying or difficult to do Washing is a real hassle in a house with one cold tap. 2）an argument We had a long hassle about whether or not to wear boots.,stereotype: a fixed idea or image of what a particular type of person or thing is like She believes that she is not a good mother because she does not fit the stereotype of a woman who spends all her time with the children.,Pastoral: typical of the simple peaceful life in the country The painting showed a typical idyllic pastoral scene of shepherds watching over their grazing sheep.,spectrum: a complete range of opinions, ideas, situations, etc., going from one extreme to its opposite A wide spectrum of opinion was presented at the meeting. (pl spectra) datum (pl data),foster: to help an idea to develop over a period of time Im trying to foster an interest in classic music in my children.,attribute: a quality or feature that someone or something has Any incomes policy must embody the attributes of fairness and flexibility. 任何收入政策都必须体现公平性和灵活性.,disparity: （fml）a difference between two or more things, esp an unfair one There was such disparity in the standards of living between the rich and the poor.,extraversion: (also spelled as extroversion) the state of being outgoing and socially confident extrovert: (n) an outgoing and sociable person antonym: introvert (adj) Shes a good person to invite to a party because she is such an extrovert.,Paragraph 19-22,Are most of the determinants of happiness subjective or objective? Most of them are subjective. Why affluent people may still not be happy? Omitted.,How does the writer explain the fact that age, health, wealth, job are not very important to ones subjective well-being? He thinks these are objective factors. The feeling of happiness is largely subjective. It is ho