英语说明与指导16章学案.doc

英语中考说明与指导第十六章 科普知识与现代技术 备课：刘燕 教学目标：1知识目标：1.）本章重点单词和短语2.）知道和学会使用被动语态的结构， 2能力目标：会运用语法结构排除一定的干扰，提高解题能力并学会分辨主、被动在中文中的区别，提高句子的正确率3德育目标：通过练习，传递英语学习的重要性教学重点：被动语态各种时态的结构及用法。教学难点：情态动词和助动词的被动语态，以及如何分辩中文的句子应采用何种语态教学过程：一默写本章单词和短语 1.世纪、百年_ 2.经历、体验_3厨房_4.古代的;古老的_5.注意到_6.生产、制造_7.分开；划分_8.金属_ 9.向着；朝着_10.（使）发展；成长；发达_11.被用来做._12.错误地_13.偶然间_14.与相撞_二本章专项语法练习-被动语态1.英语动词有两种语态_ _： 2.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。考点一: 不同时态的被动语态用法区别。被动语态的基本结构 be + vt P.P (be 有各种时态的变化) 1.一般现在时的被动语态：（结构 am / is / are + PP）Eg. 1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken 练习：1.We like Miss Lin Very much. Miss Lin _ _ by us very much. 2.Many young people love Jay Chousongs. Jay Chous songs _ _ by many young people.2.一般过去时的被动语态：（ was / were + PP） Eg：The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for 练习：1.The man repaired the car yesterday. The car _ _ by the man yesterday. 2.Mr Zhang encouraged us to study hard last week. We _ _ to study hard by Mr Zhang last week.3. 一般将来时的被动语态： （will + be + PP /be going to + be + PP） Eg： Many houses _ in the future. A. will build B. will be built C. are built 练习：1. The city will build the new airport next year. The new airport _ _ _ next year. 2 Our school is going to send two students to Hongkong to study. Two students _ _ _ _ _to Hongkong to study. 4.含有情态动词的被动语态： （ 情态动词 + be + PP） Eg: Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water练习： 1. You mustnt clean the room today.The room _ _ _ by you today.2. We should finish our homework on time.Our homework _ _ _ by us on time.5. 现在完成时的被动语态：（ have / has + been + PP） Eg: Three bridges _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built考点二： 被动语态中的特殊情况注意问题1一些动词如（如： make, see, hear, watch 等），后接宾语补为不带 “to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上 “to”。 Eg: 1.I saw him fall off the tree.He _ _ _ fall off the tree. 2. The man _ clean the toilet because he _ rubbish when the police walked past the park. A. was made; was seen to throw B. was made to; was seen throwing C. made; saw 总结：see / hear sb. do sth-sb be seen / heard to do sthsee / hear sb. doing sth.- sb be seen / heard doing sth.make sb do sth-.sb be made to do sth. 注意问题2. 有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义（1）感官动词feel , look, smell, sound, taste等与形容词连用时。 如：The cake tastes delicious. （2）need doing 表被动的意思，等于need to be done练习：1.The pen _well. A . is written B . writes 2.The music _ nice. A . sounds B . is sounded注意问题3.( happen, last, die ，take place , begin , becomecome out)等不及物动词没有被动语态， Eg: Many people _ during the earthquake in May, 2008. A. were died B. dead C. died练习： 判断下列句子的正误 1. It will happen in 50 years. ( )2. It will be happened in 50 years. ( )注意问题4 固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词Eg： Children should _. A. take good care of B. be taken good care C. be taken good care of注意问题5 双宾语的主动变为被动时，任何一个宾语都可以作主语。但是，物做主语，“人”前加to或for Eg：1. I gave him two pens. He _ _a new pen by me. Two pens _ _ _ him by me. 2. My mother bought me a watch. I _ _a watch by my mother. A watch _ _ _me by my mother. 常考的有：give、 show、pass、lend、sell、等 加介词 to； buy, make, mend, build, cook ,加介词for3. Miss White said some beautiful coats _ her in the shop. A. had shown to B. had been shown to C. had been shown D. had shown4. A nice gift _ her daughter on her last birthday. A. is given B. is given to C. was given D. was given to三检测效果一、单项选择：( )1、- Why is the classroom so dirty? - Sorry, sir. It _ yesterday. We forgot to do it. A. didnt clean B. isnt cleaned C. wasnt cleaned( )2、-Have you heard of the movie 2012? - Yes. It _ in Hongse Theatre last winter. A. shows B. was shown C. is shown( )3、The stars _ in the daytime. A. can be seen B. can see C. cant be seen D. cant see( )4、-Have all the students known that our class will visit the factory？ - Yes, every student _ about it. A. have told B. have been told C. has told D. has been told( )5、To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw 二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。6、Our room must _ (keep) clean.7、A new house _ (build) at the corner of the road next year.8、This kind of car _ (make) in Japan.9、He was seen _ (copy) others homework.10、The flowers must _ (water) often.课后作业1.Review the passive voice.2. Finish the exercises.（说明指导P113-116）链接中考选择题( ) 1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A. Is; builtB. Was; builtC. Does; build D. Did; build( ) 2.An accident _ on this road last week. A. has been happenedB. was happenedC. is happened D. happened( ) 3.Cotton _ in the southeast of China. A. is grownB. are grownC. growsD. grow( ) 4.So far, the moon _ by man already. A. is visitedB. will be visitedC. has been visitedD. was visited( ) 5. A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. is givenB. has been givenC. will be givenD. gives ( ) 6. I _ in summer. A .bornB. was bornC. have been bornD. am born( )7.He says that Mr Zhang _ to the factory next week. A .is sentB. would sendC. was sentD. will be sent( ) 8.A story _ by