比较等级复习、归纳.doc

比较等级复习、归纳英语中大多数形容词、副词都有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。形容词、副词的原形称为原级；表示“比较、” “更、”的概念时称为比较级；表示“最、”的概念时称为最高级。比较级和最高级的词形变化，有规则与不规则两种。大多数单音节词和少数双音节词构成比较级和最高级时通常在其词尾加er或est(注：以e结尾的词只需加r或-st;以“辅音字母+y”结尾的先变y为i，再加er,-est。)大部分双音节词和多音节词须在其前加more构成比较级，加most构成最高级。还有少数形容词和副词的比较级、最高级是不规则的。常见的有： 原形比较级最高级good wellbetterbestbad(ly) illworseworstmany muchmoremostlittlelessleast farfartherfurtherfarthestfurthest oldolderelderoldesteldest比较等级的句型结构及用法1、 用原级进行比较，其句型结构是：A：as+adj./adv.+as表示“、和、一样”；B：not as/so+adj./adv.+as 表示“、和、不一样”，即表示两个人或物在性质上或程度上相同或不同。E.g.:This building is as tall as that one.这幢楼和那幢楼一样高。Today it is not as/so wet as it was yesterday.今天没有昨天潮湿。注意：这种原级比较结构中还可以用倍数加以修饰。E.g.:This room is twice as big as yours.这间房是你房间的两倍大。2、用比较级进行要用连词than。其结构是：主+谓+形容词/副词的比较级+than+主、，表示“、比、更、”。用于两者之间的比较。E.g：Two heads are better than one.两人智慧胜一人。The students of Class Three study more carefully than those of Class Two.三班的学生比一班的学生学习更认真。注意：有时than和其后的部分可以省略。E.g:Are you feeling better now(than before)?一些表示程度的副词如much,far,rather,a little/bit,even,still,a lot等，以及表示数量或倍数的词语可放在比较级前加以修饰。E.g.:My brother runs much faster than I.我弟弟比我跑得快得多。She is three years older than Li Ming.她比李明大三岁。3对三个或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，表示“最、”时，要用最高级。其结构是：“the + 最高级（+名词）+比较范围（of或in短语） ”。E.g.:Yang Mei studies (the) hardest in her class.杨梅在她班里学习最刻苦。Of all the planets,the sun is the nearest to us.在所有的恒星中，太阳离我们最近。注意：副词最高级可以不用the.4、比较级的几个特殊句型：A“the+比较级，the+比较级 ”，表示“越、就越、”。E.g：The more,the better.越多越好（多多益善）。The more you listen to English,the easier it becomes.你听的英语越多，它就变得越容易。B“比较级+and+比较级 ”，表示“越来越、”E.g.:When spring comes,it gets warmer and warmer.春天来了，天气越来越暖和了。注意：有时同一意思可以用多种句式表达。E.g.(1)这条河比那条河长三倍。A:This river is four times as long as that one.B:This river is three times longer than that one.C:This river is four times the length of that one.(2)汤姆在班里跑得最快。A:Tom runs fastest in his class.B:Tom runs faster than any others in his class.C:Tom runs faster than any other student in his class.Exercises:1.The _you eat,the better your health will be.A.little B.few C.less D.fewer2.The coat is too expensive. -Dont worry Heres another one.A. cheaper B.longer C.longest D.the longest3.The Changjiang River is one of _rivers in the world.A. long B.longer C.longest D.the longest4.I dont write so_as my sister.A:careful B.more careful C.the most careful D.carefully5.Which is the _,the train station,the bus station or the airport?A. far B.farthest C.farther D.more far6.Wei Hua ran_than Hui Fang.A. much slower B.very more slowly C.not strong enough D.strong enough7.Which is _month of the year? -February,I think.A. cold B.colder C.coldest D.the coldest8.Now Helen works _than before.A. more carefully B.more careful C.much careful D.much carefully9.This question is _more difficult than that one.A. rather B.quite C.very D.a little用所给词的适当形式填空1.My father is the _of the three sons of his parents.(old)2.Who came to school_,Li Lei or Liu Mei?(early)3.Which do you like _,this film or that film?(well)4.Who jumped _of the three girls?(far)5.He can