高中英语Module3《TheViolenceofNature》文字素材1外研版必修3.doc

Module 3The Violence of Nature. Words1.灾难 2.洪水3.飓风 4.闪电5.雷暴 6.龙卷风7.柱状物 8.经历9.引起，导致 10.海流，潮流11.维度 12.家具13.埋葬 14.羽毛15.动物的毛皮 16.发生17.热带的 18.赤道19.旋转地，循环的 20.猛烈的，21.袭击 22.墓地23.棺材 24.毁坏25.灰 26.火山的爆发 vt./n.27.熔岩 28.受潮水影响的29.火山 30.以前的31.可能性 32.地震33.吓人的 34.幸运地35.感激地 36.满怀希望地37.伤心地 38.警告39.全世界的 40.积极的41.损失. Phrases1.卷起，掀起 2.去掉3.平均起来 4.结果为5.防火 6.着火7.扑灭火 8.发生9.总共.Language points1. occur/ take place/ happen/chanceoccur多指意外事故take place 常指经过安排的事情的发生happen 和chance 多用于偶然事情的发生,chance是正式用语.其后可以接不定式, “碰巧,恰巧”. 可以转化为从句.It happens/ chances that.E.g Dont let the mistake occur again.She happened/chanced to be in the bookstore when I was there.The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.2. pick up1). 拿起：用手拿起（某物）：pick up a book 捡起一本书2). 承载（客人，货物等）：The bus picks up commuters at three stops.公共汽车在三个站载送通勤者3). 学得：通过学习或经历获得（知识）：picked up French very quickly.很快地学起法语来3.on average 平均起来 on an average 平均, 按平均数计算; 一般地说average adj.平均的,普通的,平常的, 一般水平的the average age of the boys students of average intelligence 普通智力的vt.平均, 均分；求平均值If you average 7, 14 and 6, you get 9.The rainfall averages 800 mm. a year. 平均每年降雨量为800毫米。4. end up 结束, 终归.,是 “动词+副词” 结构的动词词组,用作不及物动词.如表示 “以.结束” 其后需加介词with.e.g: The party ended up with songs.end up with 与 end up in end up with “以.结束” 指以某种方式结束; end up in 也是“以.结束” , 但in 后跟的是结果.e.g: His exam ended up in failure.1 Experience 1. n u 经验 与in ,of 搭配He has much experience in teaching 他有丰富的教学经验Experience is the mother of wisdom经验为智慧之母2. n c 经历请告诉我你在非洲不同寻常的经历3.v 体验，经历，遭受The old man experienced all kinds of difficulties and hardships这位老人经历过各种艰难困苦Our country has experienced great changes in the last thirty years近三十年里，我们国家经历了巨大的变化拓展 experienced adj 有经验的,有阅历的，熟练的Inexperienced adj 没有经验的,没有阅历的，不熟练的Experiment nv 做实验2 cause n 原因，起因，理由Careless is often the cause of fires 火灾通常是因为粗心引起的V 引起，使发生，促使His carelessness caused me much trouble他的粗心引起了我的许多麻烦区分Cause ReasonCause 原因，起因。表示造成某种事实或现象的起因，后接of短语或不定式The heavy rain was the cause of the flood大雨是导致洪水产生的原因What caused you to say so? 什么使你这么说reason理由，原因。指一种行为或 看法的理由后接forTell me your reason for your being late 告诉我你迟到的原因excuse借口Dont make an excuse for it 不要为此找借口注意 Cause 后不可接why引导的定语从句The reason why he didnt come to school yesterday3 Furniture n 集合名词,家具的总称,是不可数名词They bought some furniture他们买了一些家具We havent much furniture我们没有多少家具A piece set of furniture一件一套家俱常见易错不可数 名词Advice ,information ,fun,equitment,news,knowledge,progress,weather4 Occur vi 发生出现,存在,没有被动语态The accident occurred at five oclock事故发生在五点钟Such plants dont occur here这种植物不能在这里生存An idea occurred to me我想到一个主意拓展 区分happen，occur，Take place，Break outhappen普通用语,指一切客观事物或情况的 偶然或未能遇见的发生其后接不定式或用在It happened that句型中意思为”恰巧,碰巧,偶然”I happened to see him on the way to the bookstore yesterday昨天我在去书店的路上碰巧遇见了他I happened to be out when you came here=It happened that I was out when you came here 你来的时候我碰巧出去了occur较正式用法,可指一件偶然事件的发生也可以指在指定的时间发生出现一定的事件,它还可以表示抽象事物如思想的产生后接to sbIt occurs (to sb).to do以及 It occurs (to sb) that表示浮现于脑际,使想起It occurred to me that I left my key in that room 我想到我把钥匙落在那个房间了 Take place指按计划使某事或效果发生,一般没有偶然的意味,它常用来指一个预先安排好的事情的发生,常作”举行”解 Great changes have taken place since 1990 in our country The wedding will take place at the churchBreak out，常用于表战争,火灾 疾病,等的突然发生或爆发,不及物短语,没有被动语态A terrible forest fire broke out in china a few years ago5 destroy v 毁灭性破坏（不能修复使用）Damage n &v 损坏（可重新修好使用）ruin v 破坏毁坏，与destroy接近但程度稍轻The earthquake damaged several buildings 地震使一些建筑物受到了破坏 A big fire destroyed the tall buildings 一场大伙烧毁了这座高楼She poured water all over my painting and ruined it 他把水全倒在了我的画上，把画毁了6 Hopefully 满怀希望的 ，有希望的Hopefuly ,well arrive before dark 我们可望天黑以前到达“Im sure well find it “ he said hopefully 我肯定我们能找到它，他信心十足的说7 Fortunately adv 幸运地Fortunately，they were able to escape from the fire Fortunately adj 幸运的，庆幸的Be fortunate in 在。方面很幸运Fortune n 运气 财富8 warn v warning nwarn sb (not )to do sth warn sb against sth/ sb警告某人当心某事warn sb of sth 警告某人某事warn sb thatI have warned them not to do such foolish thingsWe must warn him against that man 我们要他提防那个人They warn her that the tiger is dangerous The father warned his children of danger 这个父亲警告他的孩子们有危险9 Active adv 积极的，活跃的，主动的take an active part in 积极参加act n 行为 action n 行动activity n 活动性 活跃 能动性actual adj 实际的 事实上的10 Damage n 损失 损害Do damage to 对。造成损失The accident did a lot of damage to the car What he said did damage to his reputation phrase1 Pick up 1 开车接某人Ill pick you up at five 2 学会，偶然得到，偶然结识He picked up English when he was in EnglandHe picked up the girl at a party 3 （用无线电）接收，听到The radio can pick up both short wave and long wave programes 4 （花很少钱）买到，便宜买到You can pick a second hand bike in the market 5（健康，事态）恢复，振作精神After treatment ,he is beginnin to pick up 6 Pick oneself up（跌倒后）再爬起来The baby fell ,but he soon pick up 2 Put out 使熄灭，扑灭若宾语是名词，则名词置于out前后均可若宾语是代词，则只能将其置于out前He out out the lamp and went out Before he knew about the fire the fireman had put it out 3 in all “总共，总计“ 相当于 in total 用于句尾/句首There are 61 students in all/ in total our class above all 表“首先 最重要的是“强调重要性 用于 句首，句中，句尾above all ,we should collect enough money after all 表“毕竟，终究“，表示结果与预想的不同，通常置于句末We can forgive him ,after all ,he is a child first of all “首先，最先“用以强调次序First of all ,let me introduce myself to you at all 在肯定句疑问句中，表示”竟然，终于”用在否定句，表示“一点也不 ，根本就不“he is not looking well at all 4 average adj 平均的 ； n 平均数The average age of the students in senior two is seventeenOn (the/an) average 平均起来，一般来说400 people a year die of this disease on average平均每年有400人死于这种疾病On average ,we receive 5 letters each day 5 End up 表“结束时可以用作及物动词后名词，也可以用作不及物动词She ended up her speech with a short poem 6 Set fire to =set sth on fire A match will set fire to a large bilding They set fire to the building =they set the building on fire (be ) on fire 着火，强调状态When I got there ,I found all the things were on fire catch fire 着火，表示动作oil catches fire easily 课文中的语言点1 Discover v Discovery n 发现It is difficult to make new discoveries in science在科学上有所发现是很困难的2 区分disvover， invent ，Find ， Find outdisvover指发现早已存在但未被人们所知的东西It is Columbus who discovered America是哥伦布发现了美洲invent指创造出原来没有的东西Bell invented the telephone in 1876Find 发现,普通用于,指一般的发现,侧重结果Have you found the book that you have been looking for 你找到你一直找的书了吗Find out 经过调查研究,思维加工,找出事情的 真相Find out sth or find out +that clauseHave you find out the book that you have been looking for?Please find out what time the leader will come?请查一查代表团什么时候来？3 Manage vt/vi 设法对付，处理，能应付management nmanage to do 相当于 succeed in doing 设法作成某事He managed to finish his homework in an hour.一小时之间他就完成了作业try to do 尽力去做，强调动作结果不明确，不知完成与否He tried to finish his homework in an hour.Manage v 经营处理He managed the supermarket when the owner was away.当主人不在的时候，他管理超市4 Population 指人口表示整体时谓语动词用单数指人数表示部分时谓语动词用复数问人口多少用whats the population of 人口多少用large ,small表示某地有多少人” 地名+has a population of +基数”“The population of +地名 is 基数”5 Affect v 通常指不好的影响，该词通常为及物动词使用，其名词形式为effectThe climate effects his health Effect n Have a good /bad effect on The medicine has little effect on the old man这药对这位老人几乎不起作用6 By the time “到。时候为止“ 相当于连词引导时间状语从句1 从句中谓语动词如果是一般过去时，主句用过去完成时By the time she was 15 years old ,she had written three long novels 2 从句中谓语动词如用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时By the time the Olympic Games start ,well have finished the construction 7 Lose ones life 牺牲 丧失 失去生命Life 可数名词复数为lives 意思为“生命”In the car accident ,two adults and one child lost their livesDo you still remember those who lost their lives for the country ?8 Spoke to sb 和。说话，对。说话Do you know the beautiful girl who is speaking to our english teacher ?9 Of all time 有史以来Who is the most s