2011高考英语高分策略.doc

2011高考英语高分策略何灵芝 朱泌太英语工作室长沙市明德中学一、动词Part 2 Language knowledge Section A 高考考纲要求：考查考生对基本英语语法知识的掌握与运用，要求考生能把语言的形式、意义和用法有机地结合起来，尤其在语境中了解和掌握语法的表意功能，准确运用语法知识。2010年湖南高考英语语法填空部分知识点考点分布：非谓语动词时态语态主谓一致虚拟语气情态动词定语从句状语从句名词性从句副词强调句型212630242731343329232832352225其中与动词相关的考查了10个，从句三个。（一）如何区分谓语和非谓语动词？1. “In all I adopted four children, each of them _ a job.” The old woman said proudly. “In all I adopted four children, each of whom _ a job.” A. has found B. found C. having found D. finding技巧1：2. The person we spoke to _ no answer at first. A. making B. makes C. make D. madeBefore he went abroad, he spent as much as he _English. A. could learning B. learned C. to learn D. could learn技巧2：3 . The women carrying babies, _ in first, will you?A. come B. came C. to come D. coming_ alone late at night, or you will be in trouble. A. Not to walk B. Not walking C. Not walked D. Dont walk （09湖南）Please do me a favor _ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight. A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D. invited技巧3：（二）时态语态题1. I walked slowly through the market, where people_all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold2. Mark neednt have hurried. After driving at top speed, he _ half an hour early. A. has arrived B. had arrived C. arrived D. arrives3. Jenifer _ for a second before kicking the ball. Otherwise, he would have scored a goal. A. hesitated B. had hesitated C. has hesitated D. hesitates4. By the time she reached the corner of the street, the footsteps _. A. had gone B. were gone C. are missing D. have disappeared5. If the traffic hadnt been so busy, I could have been back by 6 oclock. What a pity! Tina _ here to see you. A. is B. was C. would be D. has been技巧：补充练习1. Did you tell Julia about the result? Oh, no, I forgot. I _. A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call2. When you arrive, I _ in reception for you. A. wait B. am waiting C. am going to wait D. will be waiting3. The time is not far away _ modern communications will become widespread in Chinas vast countryside. A. when B. as C. until D. before4. Since the beginning of the vacation, I _ across the country, and my next stop is the Wuyi Mountains.A. had traveled B. will travel C. have been traveling D. was traveling5. Jiang Yingrong ranked first in the “Supervoice” in September in 2009, but half a year ago few people could have imagined she _ such a great success.A. was achieving B. achieved C. was to achieve D. had achieved6.Tom, you nearly knocked me down! Be careful ! I m sorry. I _ A. think B. was thinking C. thought D. am thinking7. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _not to touch any unattended bag. A. had always been warned B. were always being warned C. are always warning D. always warned8. Unfortunately, when I got to her flat, she _, so we had only time for a few words. A. just left B. had just left C. has just left D. was just leaving（三）非谓语动词用所给动词适当形式填空：1. _ (lead) by him, we had no difficulty in doing it.2. _(lead) by him around the university, we asked himsome questions.3. _(show) around the university, we got a better understanding of it. 4. The book _ (write) by our teachers was fully- recognized.5. The book _(use) by us now was written by our teachers.6.The discovery of the new evidence led to the thief _.(catch)7. The boy happened _(know) it when he was asked the question.8. The boy happened _( read) a novel when his teacher came in.9. The boy happened _ (do) it before when he was given the test to do and he came first.补充练习1. When _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared2. Michael s new house is like a huge palace, _with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared3. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students_ Chinese in the school, most _were from Germany. A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom4. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing5. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break 6. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _ since the flood hit the area last Friday.A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost7. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left _.A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied8. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat9. _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close11.The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _by the end of last March. Ahas been launched B. having been launched Cbeing launched Dto be launched12. After he became conscious，he remembered _ and _ on the head with a log Ato attack; hit Bto be attacked；to be hit C. attacking；be hit Dhaving been attacked;hit13. The play _next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. A. produced B. being produced C. to be produced D. having been produced14. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it _. A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D. to be reused15. It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness_. Ato make Bto be made Cmaking D. being made16. With the world changing fast, we have something new _with all by ourselves every day. A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. to be dealt17. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle_. A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 18. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it. and with a lot of work _, he had to say sorry. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. to finish19. The town will attract an increasing number of citizens to live in, with numerous roads _next year. A. to build B. built C. to be built D. building20. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, with my mind _ with so much work, I almost break down. A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled二、语言的衔接与连贯（一）从句解题技巧：先判断从句的类型，再辨别主从句中间的逻辑关系。代词和定语从句中关系代词的区别：代词用于单句中，关系代词用于复合句中1. She may have missed the train; in _ case she wont arrive for another hour. She may have missed the train, in _ case she wont arrive for another hour. A. that B. which C. whose D. what2. Mrs Lee will move into the new house next Monday, _ it will be completely finished. A. by which time B. by that time C. by this time D. by the timethat 和 what在从句中的区别：名词性从句中：that 只引导从句，不作成分；what 既引导从句，同时在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。定语从句中： that/which既引导从句，同时在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。（定语从句中没有what这个引导词）1. I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone else fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what2. As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _ is named after his grandfather. A. which B. where C. what D. that3. I want to be liked and loved for _ I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how4. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A. what B. that C. why D. whether5 _ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. Howno matter who, whoever和who的区别：状语从句中： 主从句之间通常有“，” 隔开，引导词为no matter who，whoever均可；名词性从句中：主从句一般不隔开；引导词为whoever。 who “谁”，有疑问意义， whoever= anyone/those who “无论谁”，没有疑问意义。1. _ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever2. Could you do me a favor? It depends on _ it is. A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever3. _ the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is known to us .A. Whether B. Whenever C. When D. If4. It was a matter of _ would take the position.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever5. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please?A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever6. _ , I can spare no time for it now. Ill have to finish my homework first.A. However exciting the football is B. No matter exciting the football isC. However the football is exciting D. No matter how the football is exciting（二）SECTION B 完形填空I高考考纲要求：侧重考查考生对语义、语境和语篇的不同层次的理解。名词 （3个）36. 40. 43. 语义衔接动词 （5个）37. 39. 41. 45. 47. 语义和逻辑衔接形容词（3个）38. 42. 44. 语义和逻辑衔接 副词（1）46. 语义衔接解题技巧：1. 语感的培养泛读；2. 思维方法的强化：（语篇角度70%以上）识别同义复现，关注首尾呼应，正确把握语境，明辨逻辑关系；（句子角度）分析句子结构，删除插入语等，熟悉固定搭配；（词汇角度）明确代词指代，巧用绝对矛盾，注重熟词生义。3. 知识点的积累；4. 省力的捷径 背诵。例如：(09湖南)“You did a fine job tonightPlay with us again next Saturday night,” Alcide said“Yes, sir!” said Johnny. 53 he went outside, Johnny saw Lisette and her friends near the doorLisette stepped 54 , smiling. “You played really good tonight!” she said53. A. As B. Because C. Until D. So54. A. backward B. forward C. onward D. downward明辨逻辑关系 ：根据复合句和并列句的知识，句子与句子之间或是从属关系，或是并列关系。从句子的意义和逻辑关系来看，从句可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、目的、比较、方式等，句子之间还可以是限定关系、同位关系、并列关系、递进关系、让步关系、转折关等。分析句子之间的逻辑关系的主要依据是句意和上下文之间的逻辑。(09湖南)At the Club, Johnny scanned the crowd for Lisette and 48 her. The band played for a long time before Alcide said, “Dear friends, I got a 49 for you tonightYoung Johnny is going to join us!”48.A. caught B. searched C. sought D.spotted49. A.surprise B. puzzle C. story D.jokeOne day he said, “ My sons, the day will come when one of you must _ me as king”.A. succeed B. accept C. treat D. consider（三）Section C 完形填空II高考考纲要求：短文在补足后，要求意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。侧重考查考生的语感以及语言的衔接、连贯、结构等语言知识运用能力。48When/after49an50or51better52what53for54they55off连词状从冠词并列连词形容词比较级连词宾从介词代词副词技巧点拨：从语法功能看词性；从语义连贯填单词。例如：1. A good laugh relieves tension and stress, lightens mood and improves creativity and problem-solving ability. But _ more importantly, laughter brings people together.2. Mrs. Carr is one of the first teachers to complete _training and says it is helping both her and her pupils.3. And calories in fruit can make you just as obese as _in chocolate can.4. Many believe his story is simple, and _ he was an evil,cruel-barbarian(野蛮人) who killed millions.三、语言的输入与输出（一）Part 3 高考考纲要求：阅读理解要求考生读懂简易的文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章，并回答相关问题。了解篇章段落结构，总结文章中心和段落大意 主旨大意型；根据文章主旨及上下文，进行合乎逻辑的推理与判断推理判断题； 理解关联词语，把握主旨定细节 事实细节题；夯实基础知识，攻克长句和难句。(2010湖南C) (首段)People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.(尾段)In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.70. What can be the best title for the passage? A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding思路点拨：选文章标题、主旨大意题和作者写作目的题，一定得注重首尾段文章的focus。如何攻克长句和难句？1. However, many scientists who specialize in aging are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last past about 120 years.方法一：较复杂单句的处理方法找主、谓语，即找主干成分2. Miss Germaines mother looked anxious through the wedding while Mr. Cordells parents are reported to be less than delighted.方法二：并列句的处理方法 找并列连词 3. Whereas a womans closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasnt unusual to hear a man say that he didnt know that his friends marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.方法三：主从复合句的处理方法 找从属连词 (二) Part4 书面表达 第一节：阅读填空高考考纲要求：本节要求考生理解所给短文的主旨大意和关键细节，把握文章的篇章结构和逻辑关系，完成对所给短文进行转述或摘要。主要考查考生获取信息和处理信息以及用英语进行思维和表达的能力。(08湖南)81. The intensive type may be smaller, but its relatively deeper and home to larger plants. _ relatively deeper home to larger plants(10湖南)they receive a nationally recognized and portable certification and their pay also increases again. a formal certification _ free choices of jobs1. the longer living of citizens_the power of government _技巧一.用名词所有格 “ s ”代替 of2. Vitamin C is necessary for strong bones and teeth ,and for healthy blood vessels.Being a_ for strong bones and teeth and healthy blood.It grows to one meter in length Being_技巧二.词性转换1.The company was run by the state._2. The population of Shanghai is growing fast._3. Some buildings were well built and attractive. Buildings:_4. But (urban) roofs are going green._技巧三.使用非谓语动词或合成词转换思路点拨：词性词形科学规范的对联意识(三) Part4 书面表达 第二节 阅读简答 高考考纲要求：主要考查考生用简单的句子对所读短文的主要信息进行转述的能力。(2010湖南) Linda wakes up, and tries to imagine the wide-eyed surprise of children in another household as they unwrap the presents she carefully chose for themThe joy of giving as secret Santas is much sweeter when the gift is anonymous.81. What reaction does Linda imagine the children will have?(No more than 5 words) _84. What kind of people does secret Santas in the passage refer to? (No more than 12 words) _Other doctors , however, point out that there is more danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and water temperature is much greater in summer than in winter.74.What do we know about the difference between the air temperature and water temperature in winter and in summer? (no more than 7 words)_技巧一：灵活使用代词和比较级缩写。2: Mulch(覆盖物) helps keep the soil from getting too