新视角研究生英语读说写2课后习题及答案.docx

翻译：1. 那位教授很可能在他唯一的学生缺席的情况下对着空空的教室讲了一课。The professor might probably have delivered his lecture to the empty classroom in the absence of his solitary student. 2. 现行的教育体制遭到了公众的批评，公众已经开始意识到这种体制给学生带来的危害。The present educational system has been under attack from the public, who have begun to realize the harm the system has done to students. 3. 老师告诉这些大四学生他每次都会点名，因为这门课是必须要听的。The professor told those seniors that he would take attendance every time because attendance at this course was compulsory. 4. 我真想参加你的乔迁聚会。但是很抱歉我无法去, 因为我有一大堆事情要做。Id love to go to your housewarming party, but Im sorry I cant make it because Ive got a stack of things to do. 5. 中学辍学的年青人可以上夜校或通过电大和函授课程恢复他们的学业。Youths who dropped out of middle school can resume their studies at night school or through television and correspondence courses. 6. 她不喜欢那位著名作家的讲座，但她为了在讲座后得到他的签名还是耐着性子听完了。She didnt like the famous writers lecture, but she stuck it out to get the writers autograph after the lecture. 7. 我对讲座制所体现的冷漠无情非常失望，但是最终我还是无奈接受了它，并耐心等待成为大三的学生。I was disappointed at the impersonality of the lecture system, but eventually I grew resigned to the system and waited patiently to become a junior. 8. 我们不得不承认讲座体制会把教师和学生天真的问题隔绝开来，而这些问题很可能会引起学生很多有用的想法。We have to admit that the lecture system insulates a teacher from students naive questions, which could have triggered a line of useful thought. 9. 我不同意那些评论家的意见。你得出的结论绝不是没有价值的。对我而言，这些结论很有道理。I dont agree with those critics opinions. Your conclusions are far from worthless; they make a good deal of sense to me. 10.为了学生本身的缘故，应该在第一节课就告诉他们这门课的目的，内容以及要通过这门课的要求。For the sake of the students, they should be told on the first class about the objective and content of the course and the requirements to pass the course. 1.由生物多样性的丧失而引起的对人类和地球的威胁和由气候变化所带来的危险一样大。The threat to humanity and the planet posed by biodiversity loss is as great as the dangers presented by climate change.2.收到年轻读者表达他们对被囚动物的关心的信，并询问他们能帮助做什么，我们总是很高兴。We are always happy to hear from young readers expressing concern for animals in captivity and asking what they can do to help.3.这两个最盛行的理论都认为恐龙之所以灭绝是因为地球大气和温度的变化而造成的。The two most popular theories both say that dinosaurs died out because of changes in the earths atmosphere and temperature.4.这场森林大火最终被消防队所控制住了，花费将近50万美元。The forest fire was finally brought under control by the fire-fighting crews at a cost of nearly half a million dollars.5.植物根茎能够固定土壤，使之不会被雨水冲蚀。Plant roots can hold the soil in position and prevent it from being washed away by the rain water.6.健康的生态系统以能源、营养物质、有机物质和水的可持续更替为特点。Healthy ecosystems are characterized by sustainable turnovers of energy, nutrients, organic matter and water.7. 在世界野生动物基金会一份新的报告中，科学家警告说全球变暖可能在今后20年中灭绝北极熊。In a new report by the WWF, scientists have warned that global warming could kill off polar bears within the next 20 years.8. 犁过的地对流水没有防范能力，因而珍贵的表土常常在大雨和洪水中被冲走。Plowed fields dont have any protection against running water, and often the valuable topsoil is carried away during heavy rains or floods.9.这个花园比前两天要安静多了，但周围还是有很多各式各样的鸟。The garden was considerably quieter than it had been the previous two days, but there were still a good variety of birds around.10.尽管有不同的预计， 但总体上人们认为用于制作现代药品的活性成分有大约30%到40%是从植物中提取的，或同植物有关。While estimates differ, it is generally believed that around 30%40% of the active ingredients used in modern medicines are derived from, or related to, plants。1.人们认为年轻人最好在事业有成之后再结婚，过安定的生活。It is considered desirable for young people to get married and settle down only after they are established in their jobs.2. 她的丈夫是个非常顾家的人，每天都花很多时间做饭,打扫卫生、照顾三个正在上学的 孩子。Her husband is a very domestic person, spending a lot of time everyday in cooking, cleaning and caring for their three school-age children.3. 现在的年轻人具有与他们的父母截然不同的价值观和期望，他们认为个人享乐比家庭责 任更重要Todays young people have completely different values and expectations from their parents, giving higher priority to personal pleasure over family obligations.4. 从社会角度看，妇女一辈子当全职家庭主妇是不明智的，更不要说受过良好教育的妇女了。From societys viewpoint, it does not make sense for women, much less well educated women, to be full-time homemakers for a lifetime.5. 二十几岁的单身男女认为同居是婚前考察未来伴侣品质、习惯的途径。可是婚前同居已证明与较高的离婚风险相关联。Singles in their twenties see cohabitation as a way to investigate a prospective partners character and habits before marriage. But premarital cohabitation has proven to be associated with a higher divorce risk.6. 为了儿童的福利，政府应该制定政策，为父母提供兼职、临时和弹性工作时间的工作机会以及带薪育儿假。In the interest of child welfare, government should institute policies to provide part-time, temporary and flextime job opportunities and paid parental leave for parents.7. 着眼于建立牢固持久的婚姻关系，夫妻在发生摩擦时应该相互体谅。With an eye toward forming strong and lasting marital unions, couples should make allowances for each other, when there is friction between them.8. 考虑到离婚率很高，已婚母亲如果长期脱离劳动力市场就将自担风险 一旦她们的婚姻以离婚告终，她们将遭受严重的经济损失。Given the high divorce rate, married mothers leave the labor market for an extended period of time at their own peril they will suffer severe economic loss if their marriage ends in divorce.9. 父母与子女之间的关系是一种非常特殊的关系。父母为子女所做出的牺牲是无法用金钱补偿的 。The bond between child and parent is a very special one. Money can not make up for the sacrifices parents have made for their children.10.劳动人口中男女平等日益增强为女性在事业上实现自己的抱负提供了史无前例的机遇。Increasing gender equality in the work force provides women historically unprecedented opportunities for personal fulfillment in their careers.1.美国人渴望新的未开发地带，在那里他们可以摆脱任何束缚，自由自在。Americans hanker after new frontiers where they can be free of any constraints and be themselves.2.令年轻人神往的正是在网上冲浪时获得的那种自由的感觉。What captures young peoples imagination is precisely the sense of freedom they get while surfing the Internet.3.不论种族、文化和社会经济地位，每个人都能够在网络空间找到一个由与自己志趣相投的人所组成的社区。Regardless of their race, culture and socioeconomic status, everyone can find a community of likeminded people in cyberspace.4.虚拟社区宁愿由自己而不是由世俗政府建立和执行社区行为规范。Virtual communities prefer to set and enforce community standards by themselves rather than by the terrestrial government.5.网络空间类似于现实世界，包括从购物中心、学校区到红灯区等各种各样的地方。Cyberspace is akin to the terrestrial world, which includes various places ranging from shopping malls, school districts to red-light zones.6.只有满足自己成员需要的网络社区才能够繁荣兴旺。Only cyberspace communities that cater to the needs of their members will prosper.7.随着远距离通信技术的发展，世界不久将联合成为一个地球村。With the development of telecommunications technology, the union of the world into a global village is at hand.8.免费下载知识财产在互联网使用者中十分普遍。It is prevalent among Internet users to download intellectual properties for free.9.互联网上的讨论组主持人的职责是防止广告和无关信息进入论坛。The job of the moderator of a discussion group on the Internet is to keep out advertisements and unrelated materials of the forum.10.言论自由的拥护者往往贸然断定任何形式的政府管理都将妨碍他们的自由。Advocates of free speech tend to jump to the conclusion that any form of government regulation will interfere with their freedom.1. 一个懒惰的人容易才思枯竭，因为他总不用脑思索。 A lazy person is apt to get his mind impoverished because he doesnt make use of his intelligence all the time.2. 看到这张照片，我仿佛回到了无忧无虑的学生时代。 This photo conjures up memories of my carefree school days.3. 他意识到他已经被大家看成是打杂跑腿的了。 He realizes now hes been typecast as an executive errand boy.4. 这个协会的目标就是为了让传统的家具设计技艺永世流传。 The goal of the association is to perpetuate the skills of traditional furniture design.5. 成见通过用巨大的、可以辨别的剪图来掩盖这个纷杂喧闹的大千世界，并以此来减轻我们的脑力劳动。Stereotypes economize on our mental effort by covering up the blooming, buzzing confusion with big recognizable cutouts.6. 真正的改变是一个漫长的过程：现实的点点滴滴汇入我们的脑海，直到它们渐渐带有模糊不清的生活本质。The true process of change is a slow one that adds bits and pieces of reality to the pictures in our heads, until gradually they take on some of the blurriness of life itself.7. 这位著名的女演员告诉记者说她在成名前特别快乐。The famous actress said to the reporter that she was perfectly happy until fame was thrust upon her.8. 他的一个密友警告他，如果他继续买些没用的东西就有破产的危险。 One of his intimate friends warns him that he is in danger of losing all his money if he continues to buy useless items.9. 通过对这个项目各个方面的仔细研究，他们发现成功完成的可能性极大。Having delved deeply into all aspects of the project, they find that there is every prospect of success.10. 他们记得的是全班最不听话的坏孩子犯了错误，因为在记忆中他们是少数不合群的学生。It was the unpopular members of the class the “bad guys” they remembered as being out of step.1.在一开始我想奉劝我们所有的管理层人员应该以宽阔的视野来看待这两个词，即道德和竞争力。 Let me urge at the outset that all of us in management look at both these words ethics and competitiveness with a wide angle of vision. 2. 所有人都生来具有道德意识，它不是凭空而来，也不会自动永远存在下去。 All human beings are endowed with a moral sense that does not come out of nowhere or perpetuate itself automatically.3. 科学家们最早在20世纪30年代就有了对原子弹的设想。Scientists first conceived the idea of the atomic bomb in the 1930s. 4. 我们都听到过目光短浅的生意人把下面这句话当作是一个著名的历史人物说的，即没有必要在儿童时期就进行道德教育。 We have all heard shortsighted businesspeople attribute a quotation to that great figure in history, that is, moral ethic education is not necessary to begin at an early age. 5. 我谨以此书献给我的叔父，以表示对他的爱戴