M5U2语法讲解power教案.doc

U2 Grammar &Word Power一、1、the tenses anf voices of verb-ing 主动被动一般writingbeing written完成having writtenhaving been written He hurried home, looking behind as he went. （一般式） Having finished their work, they had a rest. （完成式）The large building being built is a library. （被动语态） Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.（被动完成式）二、1、Attribute an interesting bookthe man sitting by the windowboiling waterthe bridge being built1) 现在分词用于名词前，用来修饰该名词，功能上相当于形容词；也可用于名词后，并可改写为定语从句。The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well.The girl who is writing a letter there can speak English very well.The factory making TV sets is very large. The factory which makes TV sets is very large.2) 与动名词作定语的区别 (PPT 10-11)动名词作定语表名词的作用或功能，现在分词作定语表名词正在进行的动作。3) 与过去分词,不定式 作定语的区别 (PPT 12-13)（PPT13超链接返回至PPT7）过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系或过去分词表示的动作以完成。现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。the house being built/to be built/built正在被建/将要被建/建好了的房子2、Adverbial Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. Being a student, he was interested in sports. Having written the letter, John went to the post office.现在分词作状语时，注意如下三点：1. 相当于相应的从句 (PPT 6-8)Rewrite sentences1) Because he knew that there was a dog outside, the little boy didnt open the door. = Knowing that there was a dog outside, the little boy didnt open the door. （原因）2) The couple went shopping. As a result, they left their eldest daughter alone at home. =The couple went shopping, leaving their eldest daughter alone at home. (结果）3) Time permitting, I will meet you for lunch.= If time permits, I will meet you for lunch. (条件)4) Asking around, I find many people willing to pay slight higher prices for things that are environmentally.= when I ask around, I find many people willing to pay slight higher prices for things that are environmentally. （时间）3、 分词的逻辑主语就是全句的主语He traveled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket.(keeping的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致，都是he)_ through the park, beautiful flowers could be seen everywhere. (B)A. Walking B. When I walked C. Walk D. Walked4、 现在分词作状语时有不同的时态与语态1) 完成主动式Having finished her homework, she went to bed.Having heard this, the woman astronaut expressed her satisfaction.分词所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用，不能做定语用。2) 一般被动式表示正在发生的被动动作,在句中作定语或状语。The car being repaired is mine. The car which is being repaired is mine.Being repaired, the car cant be used.As/Because it is being repaired, the car cant be used.3) 完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作，在句中多作状语，不能作定语。Having been praised a second time, I decided to make still greater progress.Having been asked to stay, I couldnt very well leave.5、extensions 1. 非谓语动词的否定式均为not+非谓语动词 现在分词的否定形式 not + 现在分词（完成的否定式not 放在having之前）Not knowing how to dye the silk red, he went to her for help.Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.2. 一些独立结构： Generally speaking (speak), we have learnt a lot in this school. Judging (judge ) from his appearance, he is somebody. To tell ( tell ) you the truth, your work is terrible.6、 Exercises1. Story-telling2. Multiple choicesExplanationWord Power1. Predicative 表示主语的特征,状态等,一般接在联系动词后面与过去分词作表语的区别凡表示“令人的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到”都用-ed形式。interesting使人感兴趣的 interested感兴趣的exciting令人激动的 excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的 delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的 puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的 surprised感到惊异的worrying令人担心的 worried感到担心的2. Object complement They think of businessmen hiding from their responsibilities for the environment.（现在分