英语四级翻译新题型.doc

一、建造长城(the Great Wall)是为了防御来自蒙古(Mongolia)的北方人侵者。多年来，人们已经建造了一些较矮小的城墙，但是秦始皇(Qin Shi Huang)决定建造一座巨大的城墙来保卫他北边的疆土。长城始建于秦朝，后续的朝代进行继续建 造。后来，明朝重建了长城。我们今天所说的长城绝大部分都是明朝建造的。长 城是由农民、奴隶、犯人以及皇帝决定惩罚的人建造的。 The Great Wall was built to defend against the northern invaders from Mongolia. Smaller and shorter walls had been built over the years, while Qin Shi Huang decided to build a single giant wall to protect his northern borders. The construction of the Great Wall started in the Qin Dynasty and the following dynasties continued to work on it Later, the Ming Dynasty rebuilt the wail Most parts of the so- called Great Wall today was built in the Ming Dynasty. The wall was built by peasants,slaves, criminals, and other people that the emperor decided to punish.Construction knstrkn n. 建设，建造，结构，构造，建筑物二、元朝（the Yuan Dynasty）时期形成了十分丰富的多元文化。主要的文化成就包括戏剧和小说的发展。蒙古人（the Mongols）与西亚，欧洲保持了广泛的文化交流。西方的乐器被引入中国，丰富了中国的表演艺术。中国的一些重要发明也被传到了欧洲。西方人最早的旅行记录也开始于这个时期。这个时期最著名的旅行家是马可波罗（Marco Polo）。与西方的交流也给中国带来了一些外国食品。An abundant cultural diversity developed during the Yuan Dynasty.The main cultural achievements include the development of drama and novel.The Mongols kept an extensive cultural contact with West Asia and Europe.Western musical instruments were introduced to China,which enriched the Chinese performing arts.Some important Chinese innovations were spreaded to Europe.The first records on the trip of the Westerners also date back to this time.The most famous traveler of this period was Marco Polo.The communication with the West also brought some foreign food to China.Abundant bndntadj. 丰富的，充裕的Diversity daiv:sitin. 差异，多样性，分集Extensive ikstensivadj. 广泛的，广阔的，广大的Exchange iksteindn. 交换，兑换，交易所 v. 交换，兑换，交 Communication k.mju:nikein n. 沟通，交流，通讯，传达，通信1.元朝时期形成了十分丰富的多元文化。“丰富的”可译为abundant;“多元文化”译作cultural diverisity,可作句子的主语。2.保持了广泛的文化交流。“广泛的”可用extensive表示；“文化交流”可译作cultural contact或可用cultural exchange表示。3.西方的乐器被引入中国，丰富了中国的表演艺术。该句由两部分组成，后半句为前半句的补充说明，可使用which引导的非限制性定语从句。其中“乐器”可译作musical instruments;“引入”即“被引入”，可译作be introduced to;“表演艺术”可翻译为performing art。三、农历(lunar calendar)已使用了数千年。今天，我们依然用农历来表示中国的传统节日。农历由中国古代的朝代衍生而来。现今使用的农历形成于公元前104年，汉朝汉武帝（Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty）统治时期。该农历被称为太初历（taichu calendar）,跟今天使用的农历是一样的。农历中的每一年都以一种动物来命名，如2012年是“龙年”。共有12种动物，每12年循环一次。The lunar calendar has been used for thousands of years.Today the traditional Chinese festivals are still lunar calendar festivals.The lunar calendar originated in the Chinese ancient dynasties.The current calendar was created during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in 104 BC.This calendar,which was called the taichu calendar,is the same lunar calendar as the one used nowadays.Each year in the lunar calendar is named after an animal.For example,2012 was the year of the dragon.There are 12 animals.Every 12 years the cycle repeats itself.1.今天，我们依然用农历来表示中国的传统节日。即“中国的传统节日是农历的节日”，其中“中国的传统节日”可译为traditional Chinese festivals;“农历的节日”用lunar festivals表示。2.农历由中国古代的朝代衍生而来。“衍生而来”可用originate in表示；“朝代”可译为dynasty;“中国古代的朝代”可译为the Chinese ancient dynasties。3.农历中的每一年都以一种动物来命名，如2012年是“龙年”。 “命名”可翻译为name after;“龙年”可以翻译成year of the dragon。Calendar klndn. 日历，月历，日程表vt. 把 . Originate ridineitvt. 发起vi. 开始Traditional trdinl adj. 传统的Current krnt n. (水、气、电)流，趋势四、中国新年的传说源于数千年前的一个小村庄。每年冬天，一个叫年的怪兽都会尽村子攻击村民。村民们十分害怕，不知该怎么办。后来，一位年长的智者想出了一个办法。当年再一次出现时，人们就用鞭炮（firework）和鼓制造大量噪音。这些噪音果然把年给下铺了，年躲进了山里。村民们在这天庆祝他们摆脱了怪兽。每年他们都会点燃鞭炮庆祝他们的胜利。这一天便成了中国新年的开始。The legend of Chinese New Year began in a small village thousands of years ago.Each winter a monster named Nian would enter the village and attack the villagers.The villagers were scared.They didnt know what to do.Afterwards a wise old man came up with an idea.The next time Nian appeared the people used fireworks and drums to make a lot of noises.Sure enough,these noises scared the monster away and it fled into the hills.The villagers celebrated the day when they freed themselves from the monster.Each year they would light the fireworks and celebrate their victory.This day became the start of the Chinese new year.celebratedselibreitidadj. 著名的，声誉卓著的 动词celebrate的过去分词celebrateselibreitv. 庆祝，庆贺，颂扬legendledndn. 传说，传奇fleefli:vi. 逃跑，逃走，消失，(时间)飞逝1.每年冬