牛津7Bunit4全套教案.doc

7B unit4 Welcome to the unitcome on 指责对方所说的话不对，意思是“得了吧；算了吧” Eg. Come on, dont sit there dreaming. 得了，别坐在那空想了。 -It will take at least an hour to do this. 做这件事至少得花一个小时。 -Oh, come on! I could do it in 20 minutes. 哦，算了吧，我只要 20 分钟就能做完。 * come on 还可以表示催促对方，意思是“快点；赶快；来吧” Eg. Come on, Helen. Dont hesitate. Theres only two tickets left. 快点，海伦。别犹豫了，只剩下两张票了。 *come on 还可以表示在体育比赛中的“加油！ ” Eg. Come on, Tom！Jack is catching up.加油，汤姆!杰克快赶上来了。 be full of 充满 = be filled with Eg. The bag is full of books= The bag is filled with books. 包里装满了书。amazing adj 令人惊异的，令人感到吃惊的。主语通常是某事物 Eg. What an amazing sight! 多么令人惊奇的景象啊！ They finished the work at an amazing speed. 他们以惊人的速度完成了任务。 I find it amazing that you cant swim. 你不会游泳，这真使我大吃一惊。 【拓展】amazed adj 感到惊奇的（+n/ by, to do, that 从句） ，指某人或某物对另外的人或物 表现出来的情感。 Be amazed at “吃惊于” Eg. He is amazed at his mistakes. 他对他的错误感到很吃惊。 We were amazed by his generosity. 他的慷慨令我们惊讶。 Visitors were often amazed to discover how little the town has changed. 游客经常会惊讶地发现这个小城几乎没什么变化。 Im amazed (that) youve never been to the Great Wall. 小叮咛 除 amazing 和 amazed 外，还有很多以-ing 或是-ed 结尾的分词形式的形容 词。他们的词根是相同的，所以这样的形容词叫做“同源形容词” 。以-ing 结尾的形容词通 常修饰物，表示物的特性；以-ed 结尾的形容词通常修饰人，表示人的一些特性。 Interesting-令人感兴趣的 moving-令人感动的 surprising-令人惊讶的 Interested-感兴趣的 moved-感动的 surprised-惊讶的 it takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花某人多少时间。此处 it 是形式主主语，代替句中 的不定式短语并前置。 Eg. How long does it take you to go to school on foot? It took us an hour to write the invitation letters. 主语+be+数词+meter(s) tall 描述某人的身高， 指人的身高时用 tall, 而不是 high Eg. The boy is 1.78 metres tall. fish 鱼 （cn）但是单复数同形。表示不同种类的鱼是 fishes Eg. The fisherman caught many fish(es). *fish 鱼肉 （un）eg. Our supper is fish and potato. *fish v 钓鱼 eg. Where are they fishing? with their eyes open 介词短语 睁着眼睛 用在此处表示伴随状态，强调在谓语动作发生的 同时，伴随发生的另一种行为。 Eg. He just stay there with his mouth open. They are standing there with their eyes closed. keep+宾语+adj 使某人/某事物处于某种状态 其中 adj 充当宾语补足语 Eg. Without the fridge, we cant keep the milk fresh. 【拓展】keep 的常见结构 1. keep+adj Keep quiet, children. 保持安静，孩子们！ 2. keep（+宾语）+doing sth 使.持续做某事 eg. Dont keep the child standing. Keep trying, and youll find the answer.坚持不懈，你会找到答案的。 3. keep+宾语+介词短语 保持.处于.位置 Eg. Please keep your hands behind your back. without 介词 无，没有 对应词是 with+n/pron/doing Eg. You shouldnt say without thinking.你不应该不假思索就讲话。 Isnt that interesting? 这还难道不是很有趣吗？ 否定式的一般疑问句 “难道不”常用来表示反问， 结构：否定词+主语+谓语/表语 Eg. Arent you a teacher? 难道你不是老师吗？ Cant you play football? 小叮咛 回答否定式疑问句用 Yes 或 No ，但 Yes 是“不” ，No 是“是的” Doesnt he have a brother? 难道他没有兄弟吗？ Yes, he does. 不，他有。 No, he doesnt. 是的，他没有。 VocabularyUFO 全称 unidentified Flying Object bright 明亮的 a bright room 聪明的 the brightest child in the class *bright and early 大清早 Look on the bright side (对不好的状况)保持乐观态度，看到光明的一面 travel v 长途旅to travel abroad/across Africa/around the word 去国外旅行/穿越非洲/周游世界 travel to sp 去某地旅行 n air/rail/space travel 航空/乘火车/航空旅行 the travel industry 旅游业 travel sickness 晕车 crazy be crazy about 表示“对.狂热,非常喜欢”与 love 相比，be crazy about 更强 调对某事物的一种痴迷程度。后通常+ n/vting Eg. Those boys are crazy about playing football. 那些男孩对踢足球很狂热。 The fans are crazy about Jay Chous songs. 那些歌迷们非常喜爱周杰伦的歌。 love 表示不仅“喜欢”而且“热爱” ，带有强烈的感情色彩，相当于“likevery much”, 侧重于对祖国及较亲近的人的深厚感情。但在口语中它往往又指一般的喜爱，这时与 like 动词不定式（ 的意思相近，可以互换。后+ n/vting/动词不定式（to do） Eg. I like him, but I dont love him. 我喜欢他，但并不爱他。 We love our motherland. 我们热爱我们的祖国。 They love playing/ to play basketball. 他们爱打篮球。 be fond of 表示“喜欢”的程度比“like”强，比“love”弱，后+ n/pron/vting Eg. Some young people are very fond of light music.有些年轻人喜欢轻音乐。 Millie is fond of reading comic book. 米莉喜欢漫画书。 enjoy 在意义上侧重于“享受某种乐趣” ，后+n/vting 作宾语。 （注：不可接 to do） Enjoy 还可以接 反身代词 即 enjoy oneself,表示 “玩得高兴” （=have a good time=have a great time=have fun ） Eg. The man is enjoying his dinner. 那个男人正享受他的晚餐。 My father enjoys listening to the radio. 我父亲享受听广播。 Did the children enjoy themselves in the park? 孩子们在公园里玩得很愉快吗？ like 意为“喜欢，喜爱” ，是一般用语，主要指对某人或某物产生好感或发生兴趣，不带 有感情色彩，基本上和 enjoy 可以通用，但 like 后面的宾语可是 vting/to do Eg. I like swimming / to swim in the river. 我喜欢在河里游泳。 Chinese people like Mid-Autumn Day. 中国人喜欢中秋节。 He likes his students to work hard. 他喜欢他的学生努力学习。 dislike 不喜欢，厌恶 dislike sth/doing sth Eg. Why do you dislike him so much? 你为什么那么讨厌他？ I dislike being away from my family. 我不喜欢和家人分开。 hate 厌恶，讨厌，憎恶（某事） hate sth/ doing sth Eg. I hate Monday morning. 我讨厌星期一的早晨。 She hates making mistakes. 她讨厌出错。 few 很少 (否定) + 可数名词 a few 一些 （肯定）eg. I have a few friends. 我有几个朋友。 I have few friends.我几乎没有什么朋友。 little 很少，稍微，几乎没有（否定）+不可数名词 a little 一点 （肯定） eg. A little money 有一点钱 little money 几乎没有钱 practise doing 练习做某事 （cn）practice much practice 一些练习 practice makes perfect.熟能生巧 bark at (sb) （狗）朝某人吠叫 give us an introduction 给我们做个介绍 weigh(vi 不及物) eg. It weighs about 5,600 pounds. 它重约 5，600 磅。 Weight (n) eg. Whats the babys weight? 这个婴儿体重是多少？ Its weight is only two pounds. 它的体重只有两磅。 lay an egg/eggs 下蛋 （lay-laid-laid） 躺 lie-lies-lying-lay-lain 说谎 lie-lies-lying-lied-lied remember vt 记得，记住 +n/pron Remember to do 记得要做某事 eg. Remember to close the windows and turn off the lights when you leave. remember doing sth 记得做过某事 Eg. I remember telling you about this. 反义词 forget 构成一样 Forget to do 忘记做某事 Eg. Take care, and dont forget to write. 要保重，别忘了写信。 Dont forget to give the letter to Miss Chen. Forget doing sth 忘记做过某事Eg. Ill never forget hearing this music for the first time. second 秒 for several seconds 一连几秒钟 Eg. For several seconds he did not reply. 一连几秒钟，他都没有回答。 In a second 一会 eg. Ill go home in a second. Second-hand 二手的，用过的，旧的 eg. A second-hand car 一辆二手车 decide vi decide to do sth 决定做某事 Eg. We decide to visit NanJing. piece(n) piece of + un eg. A piece of wood/cake 一块木头/蛋糕 name.after以.来命名 Eg. People named the machine after the inventors name. 人们以那位科学家的名字来给这台机器命名. Name sb/sth + n 把某人或某物取名为 Eg. She named her cat Mimi. Reading turn around 转过身 （此处，around 是 adv 可以与 about 互换） 即 turn around/ round/ about 当 around 作 介词时 turn around 表示 绕转 Eg. The moon turns around Earth. not.anything = nothing 没有任何东西 something, nothing, anything 等不定代词，形容词放在它所修饰的不定代词后。 后 afraid/ frightened/ scared 同义词 意为 “害怕的” Scared 常见日常谈话中，表示有点害怕 Afraid 较为正式，较少用 *与 of 连用：afraid/frightened/scared of sth/sb 对所见或多经历的事感到害怕 *与 for 连用：afraid/frightened/scared for sb/sth 担心某人 Eg. I was frightened for his safety. 我担心他的安全。 *frightened 和 scared 可与 very, a bit, too 等词连用，但 afraid 不可与之连用。 Be afraid of sb/ sth/ doing sth be afraid to do Eg. Are you afraid of spiders? 你害怕蜘蛛吗？ Im afraid of going out alone at night. 我害怕夜间单独外出。 She was afraid to open the door. 她不敢开门。 不定代词 anybody 任何人 （疑问句、否定句） Nobody 没有人 Somebody 某人、有人 （肯定句） 、 Eg. Somebody is waiting for you. hear 听，听见 eg. Can you hear the signal? 听说；获悉；经人告知 eg. I heard she moved to Nanjing . *hear 的一些固定搭配 Hear from sb 收到某人的来信、电话、或传来的信息 Hear of sb/sth 听说某人/某事 Hear about 听到（关于） *hear 与 listen “听” 1. hear vt/vi listen vi(不及物) 可以说 hear sth 不可说 listen sth 应是 listen to sth 2.hear 侧重于听的感觉（结果）一般不用在进行时中 Listen 用心去听（动作） Eg. Hear the news listen to the radio quickly adv 快地，迅速地 quick（adj） 在英语中，有些形容词后加上-ly 后，变成副词。 Eg. Polite-politely wide-widely *1.有些以 e 结尾的形容词，变成副词时需要将 e 去掉，再加-ly Eg. Possible-possibly true-truly 2.有些以辅音字母加-y 结尾的形容词，则把 y 改成 i，再加-ly Eg. Happy-happily easy-easily (元音字母：a e I o u) 【近义词辨析】 fast 与 quickly Fast （adj/adv）指运动中的人或物速度快，侧重指动作本身的迅速 Quickly(adv) 表示即刻行动、毫不迟缓，指动作在较短的时间即可发生或完成 Eg. There is a fast horse running on the road. 路上有一匹快马在奔跑。 He speaks very fast. 他说话很快。 Come here quickly. 快一点来。 He quickly picks up the books on the ground. 他很快地拾起地上的书。 happen (vi) 后不能直接加宾语，应用介词 to *Happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上 Eg. Then something unusual happened to us. *happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 Eg. They happened to see him yesterday moring. another 别的，另一个 泛指众多人或物的另一个 + 单数名词，前面不加 定冠词 the Eg. I dont like this one. Show me another. *another +数词+复数名词 意为“再，又” Eg. You may stay for another ten days.你可以再呆十天。 【拓展】1.other 可作为 adj 意为“其他的” Eg. What other thing can you see? 2.the other 表示明确的两个人或两个事物中的另一个， 常与 one 连用， 构成句型 onethe other Eg. I have two pencils; one is red; (and)the other is blue. 3.others 泛指“另外的人或物” 。the others 表示特指范围内的“其他的人或是其他的事物” Eg. Some students are playing basketball, (the) others are playing football. search 用作及物动词时，意思是“搜查” ， Search for sb/sth 寻找或搜索某人、某物（有具体目标） Eg. The police searched his house. 警察搜查了他的住宅。 The police searched for his clothes. 警察搜寻他的衣服。 【近义词辨析】 search, find, find out, look for 找 Search 搜索目标范围内的事物来发现事物，或为了寻找某物而进行搜寻 Find 强调找的结果，表示“找到，发现” Find out 找出，查明，也强调结果 Look for 强调寻找的过程 Eg. We searched all the rooms but didnt find the gun. They want to find the lost car. Try to find out who has broken the window. What are you looking for? Here it is 的正常语序应为“It is here” 当主语是名词时，here 和 there 引导的句子通常采用倒装，即把 here 和 there 放在句首， 谓语放到主语前面，起强调作用。主语是代词是，部分倒装，即 here 和 there 放在句首，主 语+谓语。 Eg. Here comes the bus. / Here is the bus. Here we come/ are. say to oneself 心里暗想，暗自思量，自言自语 Eg. She often says to herself, “ I must work hard.” himself 是反身代词 表示 他自己 英语中反身代词 数反身代词单数MyselfYourselfHerselfhimselfitself复数OurselvesYourselvesThemselvesshow sb sh 把某物给某人看 （=show sth to sb） Eg. Please show me your new MP4 player. =please show your new MP4 player to me. take care of 照顾，照料= look after Eg. Please take care of my little dog. =please look after my little dog. 【近义词辨析】take care 与 be careful 1.take care 与 be careful 小心，当心，留神，两短语均可单独使用，以提醒对方注意 Eg. Take care/ Be careful! The pans very hot. 当心，锅很烫！ 2.take care 与 be careful 都可加 不定式的否定形式，即 not to do Eg. Take care/ Be careful not to misuse the word. 注意不要用错这个词。3.二者都可叫从句 Eg. Take care/ Be careful how you start the machine.怎样开动这个机器需小心。 4.be careful with your work 仔细工作（=be careful in doing your work） NOTE: with+n in+doing take care 后不加 with 或 in 短语 not.any more 意为 “不再;再也不”(=notany longer 或 no longer) Eg. He dont worry about it any more. Mr Black doesnt live here any more/longer= Mr Black no longer lives here. sound 在此句中是一个连系动词，表示“听起来” ，后+adj Eg. Your idea sounds good. *sound v 发出声音 Eg. The doorbell sounded when he was in the kitchen. 【近义词辨析】sound, voice, noise 声音 Sound 指人能听到的任何声音 Voice 嗓音 主要指人说话或唱歌的声音，有时也指鸟叫的声音 Noise 噪音，嘈杂音 Integrated skills a tortoisecan live up to 150 years old. 乌龟能活到 150 岁 Up to 用在数词前，意为“多达，高达” Eg. I cant believe that man can live up to 200 years old. 拓展up to 还可表示“从事，忙于，适于” Eg. What are you up to now? 你现在做什么呢？ He is up to the work. 他很胜任这份工作。 *live up to 活到. as well as 与.一样好 well adv 修饰句中的 smell. as .as 和一样 中间+ adj/adv 原形 eg. The pen is as long as that one. a thank-you letter 一封感谢信 find it + adj to do sth Eg. We find it difficult to get on well with others. it is interesting to do sth 做某事很有趣 I now understand why my mother always tells me to clean table after a meal. 此句是宾语从句，主语是 I now understand，从句是 why my mother always tells me to clean table after a meal. 引导词为 why。宾语从句中使用陈述语序。 Eg. She understands why I didnt call her. 她明白我为什么不给她打电话。 *tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 否定 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事 Eg. Tell him to be here at 8:00 am. Our teacher tells us not to be late for class. 老师告诉我们不要迟到了。 what happened to you yesterday?=whats wrong with you yesterday talk about 谈论，讨论 Eg. They are talking about the film.*talk to sb 和某人交谈 Talk to sb about sth 和某人谈论某事 Eg. Mr. Smith is talking to his friend. Millie is talking to kitty about Lucy. 米莉正与凯蒂谈论露西。 *talk about 谈论，讨论 eg. They are talk about the film. 8 Michella 教案 7B unit4 Main task & checkout the age of +数词 在岁时， at 可转化为时间状语从句 when sb is/ was .(year/years old) Eg. I moved to Beijing at the age of ten. = I moved to Beijing when I was ten years old. I read in a book that once there was a man called Sandwich. 我在书上读到曾经有一个人叫三明治。 I saw some beautiful dresses made of sick and cotton. 我看到了一些用丝绸和棉线制成的漂亮衣服。 Called Sandwich 和 made of sick and cotton 是过去分词短语作定语，分别修饰 a man 和 dresses.过去分词短语作定语时要放在所修饰的名词之后。 Eg. I like the boy called James. The desk made of wood is Jims. *be made of 由.制成，表示成品中可以看出原材料 Eg. Books are made of paper. The coat is made of cotton. keep on doing sth 持续不停的做某事 相当于 keep doing sth, 但表示某种静态动作时，用 keep doing sth. Eg. They kept (on) talking and laughing in the classroom. She kept sitting there all day. 近义词辨析 join, join in, take part in, attend 参加 1. join 有两个用法 *指加入某个党派、团体组织等，成为其中一员，意为“参军，入团，入党”等 Eg. When did you brother join the army? She joined the Young Pioneers. *和某人一道做某事 join sb in (doing) sth，根据上下文，in (doing) sth 也可省去 Eg. Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论吗？ Shell join us singing the song. 她将和我们一道唱歌。 2. join in 多指参加小规模的活动，如球赛、游戏等，常用语日常口语 eg. Come along, and join in the ball games. 快，来参加球赛。 3. take part in 参加会议或群众性的活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中 发挥作用。 Eg. Well take part in physical labour. 我们经常参加体力劳动。 【小叮咛】take part in 是惯用词组，part 前一般不用冠词，但 part 前有形容词修饰时，要 用不定冠词。 Eg. Lincoln took part an active part in politics and was strongly against slavery. 4. attrend 是正式用语，vt 参加会议，婚礼、 、典礼；去上课、上学、听报告等。句子的 主语只是去听，去看，自己不起一定积极作用。 Eg. Hell attend an important meeting tomorrow. Grammar 一般过去时 一、 概念：表示过去某个事件发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用如yesterday, the day before yesterday, yesterday moring/afternoon/eventing, last night/Sunday/week/month/year, a moment/an