2014年12月英语四级阅读练习及答案.doc

英语四级培训：/kcnet1820/ 英语四级一对一咨询qq：1613508081Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passageThousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operationsLater he used sharp bone or horn, metal knives and more recently, rubber and plastic and that was where we stuck，in surgical instrument terms，for many yearsIn the l960s a new tool was developed，one which was，first of all，to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was also，in time，to revolutionize the art and science of surgery,The tool is the laser and it is being used by more and more surgeons all over the world，for a very large number of different complaintsThe word“laser”means：light amplification by stimulated emission of radiationAs we all know,light is hot，any source of lightfrom the sun itself down to a humble match burningwill give warmthBut light is usually spread out over a wide areaThe Light in a laser beam，however，is concentratedThis means that a light with no more power than that produced by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.Experiments with these pinpoint beams showed researchers that different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain living cellsIt is now possible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of human eye without harming the front of the eye，simply by passing a laser beam right though the eye-ballNo knives，no stitches，no unwanted damagea true surgical wonder. Operations which once left patients exhausted and in need of long period of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable。So much more difficult operations can now be tried.The rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very excitingPerhaps some cancers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but also more effectiveAltogether, tomorrow may see more and more information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically56Which of the following is NOT a tool used for surgical operations before the 1960s?A)Bone B)Metal knives C) Scissors D)Rubber and plastic57The appearance of the laser in the l960s results in_.A)a complete revolution in the，science of surgical techniquesB) an end to pain brought by all diseasesC) medical help accessible to more common peopleD) complete changes in mans approach to surgery58What is the reason mentioned in the passage that the laser beam is so strong?A) It sends out light to cover a wide area B)It has many sources of light.C) It is a highly concentrated beam of lightD)The source of its heat comes from the sun.59The author cites the example of eye surgeons to illustrate thatA) pinpoint beams have an extensive energy sourceB) pinpoint beams with different sources have different effectsC) pinpoint beams have effects on living cellsD)pinpoint beams enable surgeons to do the most different operation60The rapid development of laser techniques means thatA) in another ten years we shall be able to cure cancerB) we shall be capable of treating all the diseasesC) patients do not have to suffer any painD) surgery is likely to improve considerablyPassage Two Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passageMost people would agree that，although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge，there has been no corresponding increase in wisdomBut agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define“wisdom” and consider means of promoting itThere are several factors that contribute to wisdomOf these I should put first a sense of proportion：the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weightThis has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of techniciansSuppose，for example，that you are engaged in research in scientific medicineThe work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mindYou have no time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of medicineYou succeed(let us say)as modem medicine has succeeded，in enormously lowering the infant deathrate，not only in Europe and America，but also in Asia and AfricaThis has the entirely unintended result of making the food supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populationsTo take an even more dramatic example，which is in everybodys mind at the present time：you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested(无利害关系的)desire for knowledge，and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race Therefore，with every increase of knowledge and skill，wisdom becomes more necessary, for every such increase augments(增强)our capacity for realizing our purposes，and therefore augments our capacity for evil，if our purposes are unwise61Disagreement arises when people try to decideA)how much more wisdom we have now than beforeB)what wisdom is and how to develop it，C)if there is a great increase of wisdom in our ageD)whether wisdom can be developed or not62According to the author, “wisdom” is the ability to_A)carefully consider the bad effects of any kind of research workB)give each important problem some careful considerationC)acquire a great deal of complex and special knowledgeD)give suitable consideration to all the possible elements in a problem63Lowering the infant death-rate may_A)prove to be helpful everywhere in the worldB)give rise to an increase in population in EuropeC)cause food shortages in Asia and AfricaD)raise the living standard of the people in Africa64The author uses the examples in the passage to illustrate his point thatA)its extremely difficult to consider all the important elements in problemB)success in medical research has its negative effectsC)scientists may unknowingly cause destruction to the human raceD)its unwise to be totally absorbed in research in scientific medicine65What is the main idea of the passage?A)It is unwise to place the results of scientific research in the hands of a powerful mad manB)The more knowledge one has，the wiser one becomesC)Any increase of knowledge could lead to disastrous results without the guidance of WisdomD)Wisdom increases in proportion to ones age56 【解析】C。细节题。第一段前两句提到，数千年前，轻便的石头被用于外科手术中。之后，人类还使用了锋利的骨头或角、金属制的刀和塑胶。文中没有提到剪刀。故答案为C。 57 【解析】A。细节题。第一段最后一句提到，这种新的手术工具为外科医学带来了革命性的影响。故答案为A。 58 【解析】C。细节题。第二段最后一句提到，当一束普通的光聚集成针尖那么大小时，它的能量会非常强。故答案为C。 59 【解析】 B。细节题。第三段第一句提到，实验证明，来源不同的激光只会对某些特定的活细胞产生作用，即激光来源不同，作用也不同。文章接着就举出了眼科医生治疗眼睛的例子。故答案为B。 60 【解析】 D。推理题。最后一段提到，将来，激光技术的迅速发展也许能治愈某些癌症，也会使手术既安全又更加有效。由此可推知，医学有望大大进步。故答案为D。61 【解析】B。细节题。文章开始作者提出大多数人对“our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge，there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom”这种看法抱着一致的态度。第二句指出“agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define“wisdom”and consider means of promoting it”，所以正确答案是B。 62. 【解析】 D。语义题。本题询问“