高二夏令营语法专项训练一定语从句.doc

洪泽县中学2005届高二暑期夏令营英语语法讲义 编辑：冯和银 2006.7.10高二夏令营语法专项训练一：定语从句一：理论部分I. 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war.whose人，物定语I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate. that人，物主语，宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which物主语，宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人，物主语，宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on whichwhere地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用in whichwhy原因原因状语I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for whichII. that与which, who, whom的用法区别：情况用法说明例句只用that的情况1 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。2 先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时3 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4 先行词既指人又指物时5 先行词被the only, the very修饰时6 句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时1.He told me everything that he knows.2.All the books that you offered has been given out.3.This is the best film that I have ever read.4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5.He is the only man that I want to see.6.Who is the man that is making a speech?只用which, who, whom的情况1 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人2 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。3 先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.Those who respect others are usually respected by others.III. as与which的区别：定语从句区别例句限制性定语从句中名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用whichHe is not such a fool as he looks.Dont read such books as you cant understand. 非限制性定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadnt expected.As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.IV. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：类别语法意义及特征例句限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。The accident happened at the time when I left.非限制性定语从句对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago.定语从句常见错误分析一、在定语从句中加了多余的宾语。如1Some of the boys I invited them didnt come 2The book that you need it is in the library 二、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。如： 1.Anyone who break the law will be punished 2.Those who has finished may go home 3.He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school 4.This is one of the rooms that is free now 三、误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。 1.The key opens the bike is missing 2.Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth 四、定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。如： 1.The house where he lives in needs repairing2.I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing五、在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用了关系代词或关系副词。 1.I still remember the day when we spent together2.This is the house where we lived in last year 六、在先行词reason后错用关系副词why。 1.Have you asked her for the reason why may explain her absence？ 2.I dont believe the reason why he has given for his being late 七、误将强调句型当定语从句。如： 1.It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out 2.Was it because it snowed last night when you didnt come？ 二：实战演练：定语从句强化训练1. Is there a bar around _I can have something to eat?A. that B. what C. which D. where2. The house, _ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired. A. the roof of which B. which roof C. its roof D. the roof 3. Edison made a lot of inventions, _ of great importance. A. which I think are B. which I think they are C. which I think they D. I think which are4. Ill talk about a newly-opened market _ you may get all _ you need. A. in which; which B. where; that C. where; what D. which; that5. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about itC. which you talked withD. you talked about6. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It7. The fence in our garden, _ my father built many years ago, has lasted for a long time. A. that B. which C. what D. where8. When lost in work, _ he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping. A. what B. so C. just like D. as9. A football fan (球迷) is _ has a strong interest in football.A. a thing that B. something that C. a person who D. what 10. We travelled together as far as Chicago, _ we said goodbye to each other. A. which B. when C. why D. where11. The matter _ you were arguing about last night has been settled. A. that B. what C. why D. for which12. Will you please show me the way to the only tall building _ stands near the post office? A. 不填 B. in which C. that D. where13. His sister had become a teacher, _ was what he wanted to be. A. who B. what C. that D. which14. With the development of agriculture, the people _village I taught before have lived a happy life. A. who B. whose C. in whose D. in which15. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place _ you may spend your weekend. A. which B. that C. when D. where16. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. it D. what17. Both the girl and her dog _ were crossing the street were hit by a coming car. A. which B. who C. they D. that18. I, _ your friend, will try my best to help you out. A. which are B. which is C. who is D. who am19. Is this just the city _ the foreign guests wish to pay a visit _. A. which, to B. to which, / C. that, to D. to that, /20. Its one of the most interesting stories _ I have _ read A. which, never B. that, ever C. that, never D. which, ever21. On my way home in the street I saw a lady _ I thought was your aunt. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose22. I remember that _ took part in the ball party had a wonderful time. A. all B. all that C. all which D. all what23. This is the largest clock in the world, _ the minute hand is six metres long. A. that B. of which C. which D. whose24. China is the birthplace of kites, _ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India. A. from that B. from where C. from there D. from here25. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. it B. As C. That D. What 26. Who _ has common sense will do such a thing? A. which B. whoC. whom D. that 27. All the apples _ fell down were eaten by the pigs. A. that B. thoseC. whichD. what 28. They asked him to tell them everything _ he saw at the front. A. what B. thatC. which D. where 29. Ill tell you _ he told me last night. A. all which B. all whatC. that all D. all 30. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. who B. whosC. whose D. which 31. Is this the museum _ you visited the other day? A. that B. whereC. in which D. the one 32. Is this museum _ some German friends visited last Wednesday? A. that B. where C. in whichD. the one 33. - How do you like the book? - Its quite different from _ I read last month. A. that B. whichC. the one D. the one what 34. Which sentence is wrong? A. The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth. B. Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform? C. Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land. D. People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth. 35. The train _ she was traveling was late. A. which B. whereC. on which D. in that 36. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept. A. where B. on whichC. under which D. which 37. Antarctic _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. whereC. that D. about which 38. Its the third time _ late this month. A. that you arrived B. when you arrivedC. that youve arrived D. when youve arrived 39. He often helps the students _ he thinks are not quick at their studies. A. whom B. whoC. when D. because 40. The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. when B. during thatC. in which D. which 41. Mr. Crossett will never forget the day _ he spent with his various students. A. when B. whichC. during which D. on which 42. This is just the place _ I am longing to visit these years. A. that B. whereC. in which D. to where 43. We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 44. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seaside. A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed 45. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. than 46. He is not _ a fool _. A. such / as he is looked B. such / as he looks C. as / as he is looked D. so / as he looks 47. Is that the reason _ you are in favor of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that 48. He has two sons, _ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 49. The buses, _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. most of that B. which most C. most of which D. that most 50. My glasses, _ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that 51. _, the compass was first made in China. A. It is know to all B. It is known that C. We all know D. As is known to all 52. He is a man of great experience, _ much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom 53. It was such a serious mistake, _ caused by carelessness. A. which I think was B. which I think it was C. I think which was D. I think which it was 54. The general at last got a chance to visit the village _ he used to fight, _ he had been dreaming of for years. A. that / which B. where / that C. in which / what D. where / which 55. I will hire the man _ they say is a good English speaker. A. who B. that C. which D. whom 56. I gave him a warning, _ he turned a deaf ear. A. of which B. for which C. to that D. to which 57. My father has made me _ I am. A. who B. which C. what D. that 58. She is one of the few girls who _ passed the examination. A. was B. were C. has D. have 59. You may call on me from one to five oclock, during _ I am always at home. A. the time B. what time C. that time D. which time 60. China is the birthplace of kites, _ kiteflying（放风筝） spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.A. from there B. where C. from where D. there 2000 2005 年高考题汇编 定 语 从 句1. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _,of course , made the others unhappy. （2000全国）Awho BwhichCthis Dwhat2. The result of the experiment was very good, _ we hadnt expected. （2000北京春季）A. when B. that C. which D. what 3. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. （2000北京春季）A. that B. while C. which D. when 4. The film brought the hours back to me_ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. （01全国） A. until B. that C. when D. where5. _is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. （01全国） A. it B. As C. That D. What 6. John said hed been working in the office for an hour, _ was true. （01北京春季）Ahe Bthis Cwhich Dwho7. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places,_ other visitors seldom go. （02北京）A. whatB. whichC. whereD. when8. The famous basketball star, tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. （02北京春季）A. where B. when C. which D. who9. York, _last year, is a nice old city. （03北京） A. that I visitedB. which I visitedC. where I visited D. in which I visited10. Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? Oh, thats . （03北京春季）（）Awhat makes me feel excitedBwhatever I feel excited aboutChow I feel about itDwhen I feel excited11. We are living in an age many things are done on computer. （03北京春季）（）AwhichBthatCwhoseDwhen12. Anyway, that evening, _ Ill tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place. （04浙江）() A. when B. where C. what D. which13. _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. （04江苏）() A. Which B. When C. What D. As14. George Orwell, _ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (04北京）()A the real nameB what his real nameC his real nameD whose real name15. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. （04天津）()A whoB thatC whatD which16. It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester. （04天津）A thatB untilC sinceD before17. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. （04广西） （）A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which18. I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. （04湖南）（） A. how B. which C. where D. that19. There was time I hated to go to school. （04湖北） ()Aa; that Ba; when Cthe; that Dthe; when 20. There are two buildings, stands nearly a hundred feet high. （04湖北） ()Athe larger Bthe larger of them Cthe larger one that Dthe larger of which 21. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it. （04湖北） ()Athe way Bin the way that Cin the way Dthe way which 22. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% are sold abroad. （04辽宁） ()Aof which Bwhich of Cof them Dof that 23. American women usually identify their best friend as s