2011年中考英语复习任务型阅读理解精练.doc

最新中考任务型阅读任务型阅读1In many parts of the world, there are four seasons: spring, summer, fall and winter. In the U.S., there are only three: football, basketball and baseball. Thats not completely true, but almost. In every season, Americans have a ball. If you want to know what season it is, just look at what people are playing. For many Americans, sports do not just occupy the sidelines. They take center court. Besides the big three sports, Americans play a variety of other sports. In warm weather, people enjoy water sports. Lovers of surfing, sailing and scuba diving flock to the ocean. Swimmers and water skiers also revel in the wet stuff. Fishermen try their luck in ponds, lakes and rivers. In winter sportsmen delight in freezing fun. From the first snowfall, skiers hit the slopes. Frozen ponds and ice rinks become playgrounds for skating and hockey. People play indoor sports whatever the weather. Racquetball, weightlifting and bowling are year-round activities. For many people in the U.S., sports are not just for fun. Theyre almost a religion. Thousands of sports fans buy expensive tickets to watch their favorite teams and athletes play in person. Other fans watch the games at home, glued to their TV sets. The most devoted sports buffs never miss a game. Many a wife becomes a sports widow during her husbands favorite season. Americas devotion to athletics has created a new class of wealthy people: professional athletes. Sports stars often receive million-dollar salaries. Some even make big money appearing in advertisements for soft drinks, shoes and even toiletries. 任务型阅读2 Never go into a supermarket hungry! This is a good piece of advice. If you go shopping for food before lunchtime, youll probably buy more than you plan to. Unfortunately, however, just this advice isnt enough for consumers these days. Modern shoppers need an education in how and how not to buy things at the store. First, you check the weekly newspaper ads. Find out the items that are on sale and decide if you really need these things. In other words, dont buy anything just because its cheaper than usual! “New and Improved!” or “All Natural” on the front of a package influence you. Instead, read the list of ingredients (contents) on the back. Third, compare prices: that is, you should examine the prices of both different brands and different sizes of the same brand.Another suggestion for consumers is to buy ordinary items instead of famous brands. Ordinary items in supermarkets come in plain packages. These products are cheaper because producers dont spend much money on packing or advertising. The quality, however, is usually as good as the quality of well-known name brands. In the same way, in buying clothes, you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous. Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money. Although these stores arent very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing rooms, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores.Wise consumers read magazine ads and watch TV commercials, but they do this with one advantage: knowledge of the psychology behind the ads. In other words, well-informed consumers watch for information and check for misinformation. They ask themselves questions: Is the advertiser hiding something in small print at the bottom of the page? Is there any real information in the commercial, or is the advertiser simply showing an attractive image? With the answers to these questions, consumers can make a wise choice.main topic:suggestions for _(1)_suggestionsNever go into a supermarket when you _(2)_hungry!need an education in how and how not to buy things at the storebuy ordinary items instead of famous _(3)_.read ads with _(4)_of the psychology behind the ads. _(5)_ for the suggestionsIt is _(6)_ to buy more than you plan to.consumers can make a wise _(7)_the prices of _(8)_items are relatively low because producers spend_(9)_money on packagingads sometimes dont tell the _(10)_ 任务型阅读3Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , the number of such reasons is small . Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches, which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air.One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but it is a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible. It is important to make the area, which has been pruned, smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the materials available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually done in winter, for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed. If this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly.Pruning treesA good gardener prunes a tree when (-1)_.(2)_ for pruning trees.First, make the trees in (5) _ shape or size.Second, make the trees (6) _.One (3) _ of pruning trees.An open wound (7) _ easy (8) _for disease.Reduce the (4) _ of the death of a tree.Make the wound (9) _ and clean.Paint the wound (10) _ it dries.任务型阅读4A new life on the university campusI am a freshman of the English Department at Pujiang University. Life at the university is so exciting and challenging.There are two campuses for our university: one is for freshmen and sophomores and the other is for juniors, seniors and graduate students. My campus is located on the outskirts of the city, which is a new one, very peaceful and free from the hustle and bustle of a metropolis. It is free from all sorts of distractions and diversions that most city dwellers find it hard to escape or ignore.We have a three-day orientation programme about campus life for entering students, including a campus tour in which we can visit libraries, classroom buildings, language labs, the multimedia resource center, computer support services, the student club, and the sports stadium. We freshmen have access to all these resources and technical facilities on a regular basis. They are open to all students. As a matter of fact, were encouraged to make the most of the libraries and technical support services on the campus.We all live on campus, as the school rules say that no freshmen should live off campus during the weekdays, unless the university authorities give permission. We prefer to eat in school cafeterias because there is a variety of foods on the menu, which changes every day. Besides, the food service is much better than that of most secondary schools. For one thing, our campus cafeterias are under the management of a professional food service company with an annually-renewable contract.Being an English major, we have to speak English with our fellow students and English teachers most of the time. We are expected to speak English with all our English teachers whatever courses they teach. Were also encouraged to speak English in the dorm area as much as possible. We are not quite used to this “ English only” environment, though. Anyway, were all trying very hard. It always takes us time to adjust to a new environment. We are given English lectures and talks which cover a variety of topics. We are encouraged to attend the free discussion session following each lecture or presentation. Most of the lectures are given by native-speakers, so at the beginning I have much difficulty in figuring out much of what they say. But I know they are very good for students majoring in English.I like my life in the university and I experience a lot. I will try my best to make my life colourful.Fill in each blank with a suitable word:Our campusA three-day orientation programmeSome school rulesEnglish majorsWe have two campuses. My campus is (1) l on the outskirts of the city. It is a new one and very p and free from the hustle and bustle of a metropolis.The programme about campus life for (3)e students which includes visiting the (4)m resource center, computer support services, and so on. The freshmen have (5)a to all these resources and technical (6) on a regular basis. Were encouraged to use libraries and technical services on the campus.The school rules say that no (7) should live off campus during the weekdays, unless the university authorities give (8) . We eat in the campus cafeterias.We are not quite used to this “English only” (9) . It always takes us time to (10) to a new environment.任务型阅读5Asian American have become the fast-growing U.S minority in two decades. As their children began moving up through the nations schools, they became a main stream of a new class of academic achievers. Their achievements are reflected in the nations best universities, where mathematics, science, and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. Their preference for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their education abroad arrived in the U.S. with a solid foundation in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more objectively. And the return on the investment in education is more immediate in something like engineering then with an arts degree.Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of their parents who are determined to make full use of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that results in success, such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize education.Both explanations for academic success worry Asian American because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were passed giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.ProblemAsian Americans became a main _1_ of a new class of academic achievers.They do better in _2_, _3_ and engineering.Reasons1. Asians Americans have a solid _4_ in basic mathematics.2. They are likely to find a good job and they think they will get _5_treatment if doing well in these areas.3. They are _6_by their parents who take full _7_of American education system.4. It is also believed that their success is due to Asian _8_WorryAsian Americans fear that they would be _9_again from American society.HistoryAsian immigrants had no right to citizenship until _10_任务型阅读6A gift for the futureIn the next several decades, it is believed that the worlds population will increase to about nine billion people. This should set alarm bells ringing because the bare fact is that, in order for everyone to survive, serious changes need to be made in global development. This development needs to be different from past development, which polluted the environment and wasted natural resources.One possible solution to this problem now being discussed is sustainable development. Sustainable development is long-term planning which focus on the environment and preserving natural resources. It is all about creating better health care, education, housing and improved standards of living for everyone. This is a simple idea, but one which is hard to put into practice. However, it is something that we must do because without sustainable development, our future and the lives of our children and our grandchildren will be in danger.Nearly everything we do in our modern lives requires the use of Earths natural resources. These natural resources provide the energy to do many important things: to have a shower, to boil water, to power electrical equipment and to turn oil into petrol. The list is almost endless. To do all these things we mostly depend on fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil to produce energy.Fossil fuels are found underground and are non-renewable sources of energy, which means that they can not be renewed in a short period of time. We are currently consuming fossil fuels at a much higher rate than they are being produced. If this continues, some people believe that oilfields and coal seams will run out in the foreseeable future.On top of this, burning fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide, which is like poison to the environment. Carbon dioxide contributes to air, water and soil pollution and causes global warming and acid rain. This is why many people are pushing for the use of alternative energy sources. Fill in each blank with a suitable word: A gift for the future _1_ developmentThe importance of _2_ development _3_ _4_5_ of energy _6_ fuels _7_of them Features _8_ _9_ to the environment _10_ energy任务型阅读7An Event of ImaginationThe year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth.On 17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earths atmosphere with a massive explosion. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the seabed. Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina. Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Mountains. The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes. Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north wont escape for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, and temperature around the world falls to almost zero. Crops are ruined. The sun wont be seen again for many years. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later, no more than 10 million remain alive.Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. The dinosaurs (恐龙) were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space. The dinosaurs couldnt live through the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?请根据以上文章，完成下列表格：ReasonsResultsOne piece hits the South Atlantic at 200 times 1 2 the speed of sound.The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the seabed. A tsunami(海啸) hits southern Africa, 3 cities on the African coast, and 4 millions of people.A 5 6 happens when the four-kilometer-wide piece of comet enters the Earths 7 .The sun is hidden by clouds of dust and the temperature falls to almost zero, 8 crops. Wars break out for food and only 10 million people remain. The human beings are 9 the danger of 10 out. 任务型阅读8A smart card is a card that is carried with either a microprocessor and a memory chip or only a memory chip that is not programmable. The microprocessor card can add. delete, and deal with the information on the card, while a memory-chip card can only do one thing. Smart cards, unlike magnetic stripe cards, can do many different things and hold a lot of information. In this way, they do not need to get information from a faraway place when they are used. Today, there are several kinds of smart cards, all of which are very popular in the market: IC (Integrated Circuit) Microprocessor Cards Microprocessor Cards (chip cards) offer a larger memory and better security tha