科创学院大学英语精读教材配置.ppt

这门课教学对象是高等学校非英语专业的本科生。入学时，学生们应已掌握基本语音、语法知识，领会式掌握1800单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为1200)，并在读、 听、写、说等方面受过初步的训练。,一、教学对象 (Target Students),大学英语课程介绍,大学英语教学的目的是，培养学生具有较强的阅读能力和一定的听、说、写、译能力，使他们能用英语交流信息。大学英语教学应帮助学生掌握良好的语言学习方法，打下扎实的语言基础，提高文化素养，以 适应社会发展和经济建设的需要。,二、教学目的 (Objectives ),大学英语教学分为基础阶段（一至二年级）和应用提高阶段（三至四年级）。,三、教学要求 (Requirements),基础阶段的教学分为六级，称为大学英语一级至六级(College English Bands 16, 简称CEB 1 6)。根据学生入学水平的不同，基础阶段的教学要求分为基本要求和较高要求两种。达到四级为基本要求，达到六 级为较高要求。,（一）基础阶段 (Foundation Stage),领会式掌握 4200 单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为 2500)，以及由这些词构成的常用词组1600条(中学所掌握的单词和词组均包括在内), 并具有按照基本构词法识别 生词的能力。,1) 词 汇 (Vocabulary),基本要求 (Basic Requirements),2) 语 法 (Grammar),进一步巩固和加深基本语法知识，具有在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力。,能顺利阅读语言难度中等的一般性题材的文章，掌握中心大意以及说明中心大意的事实和细节，并能进行一定的分析、推理和判断，领会作者的观点和态度，阅读速度达到每分钟70词，在阅读篇幅较长、难度略低、生词不超过总词数3的材料时，能掌握中心大意，抓住主要事实和有关细节，阅读速度达到每 分钟100词。,3) 阅读能力 (Reading),能听懂英语讲课，并能听懂题材熟悉、句子结构比较简单、基本上没有生词、语速为每分钟 130 150词的简短对话、谈话、报道或讲座，掌握其中心大意，抓住要点和有关细节，领会讲话者的观点和态度。,4) 听的能力 (Listening),能就教材内容和适当的听力材料进行问答和复述，能用英语进行一般的日常会话，能就所熟悉的话题经准备后作简短发言，表达思想比较清楚，语音、语调 基本正确。,5) 说的能力 (Speaking),能在阅读难度与课文相仿的书面材料时作笔记、回答问题和写提纲，能就一定的话题或提纲在半小时内写出120150词的短文，能写短信或便条，表达意思 清楚，无重大语言错误。,6) 写的能力 (Writing),7) 译的能力 (Translation),能借助词典将难度略低于课文的英语短文译成汉语，理解正确，译文达意，译速为每小时300英语单词。能借助词典将内容熟悉的汉语文字材料译成英语，译文达意，无重大语言错误，译速为每 小时250汉字。,Basic Requirements:,Preview each class beforehand and review it afterwards.,Finish all the exercise as required.,Take notes and participate in class actively.,Read aloud the text for twenty minutes each day.,Intensive Reading Course for Non-English Majors,Listen to the tape or radio in English for half an hour each day.,Write two diaries or anything concerning either your study or your thought in English each week.,Read extensively in English for half an hour each day. (Reading materials may include abridged novels, stories, newspapers, magazines or even original works.),Unit One,Teaching Aims,1. To help the students achieve a full comprehension of the text by analyzing its structure and applying some reading skills.,2. To help the students master some key words and structures in the text.,I. Information Related to the Text II. Warming-up Questions III. A Brief Introduction to the Text IV. Reading of the New Words,V. Organization of the Text VI.Presentation of the Text VII. Summary of the Text VIII. Homework,I. Information Related to the Text,1. Average Intelligence The word “ intelligence” may mean many things. The basic meaning is “ the capacity to acquire and apply knowledge.” Here “ average intelligence” means “ normal ability to learn and understand.” A student with average intelligence or an average student is a student neither very bright nor very dull who does sufficiently well but wins no distinction. When we say a person is intelligent, we usually mean he or she studies and learns fast, or comes up with clever solutions to problems.,Skimming and scanning are two major fast reading skills. These two terms are sometimes used interchangeably.,2. Skimming and Scanning,The ability to identify main ideas while rapidly discarding (去除) minor points.,Skimming (略读): To look over something quickly.,The ability to locate specific information or facts as rapidly as possible. When you scan for information, you know what you are looking for before you begin.,Scanning (跳读): To jump to read.,3. Topic Sentence,A Topic Sentence is usually one which contains the main idea of a whole paragraph or a passage. A topic sentence can often be found at the beginning, in the end or the middle.,II. Warming-up Questions,III. A Brief Introduction to the Text,“How can I study well? ” Perhaps everyone wants to know the answer to this question. In fact, no one can offer a perfect answer.,To study well depends on many factors, such as motivation (动机), determination, mental ability (智力), preparedness to work hard and method of study. But anyway, one fact is certain: good study habits or effective learning techniques will lead you to a successful college career. In this text the author suggests six simple and effective ways of improving your study habits.,IV. New Words,average / =8v2rid6 / a.,intelligence / in=telid62ns / n.,necessarily / =nesis2rili / ad.,ordinary 普通的；中等的,ability to learn and understand 智力,inevitably 必定,case / keis / n.,additional / 2=di52nl / a.,what has really happened; actual condition 实情,addition n.,added 附加的，额外的,weekly / =wi:kli / a.,done or happening every week 每周的；一周一次的,schedule / =5edju:l, =sked6ul / n.,timetable 时间表,chart / t5A:t / n.,commit /k2=mit / vt.,(sheet of paper with) information written or drawn in the form of a picture 图(表),指定用于,aside /2=said/ ad.,to the side 在旁边；到(向)一边,etc. /it=setr2/,normal / =n3:m2l/ a.,(Latin, shortened form for et cetera) and other things 等等,usual 正常的,reading n.,assignment / 2=sainm2nt/ n.,occupy / =3kjupai/ vt.,the act or practice of reading 阅读,sth. given out as a task (布置的)作业,take up 占用,relaxation / ;ri:l8k=sei52n/ n.,hobby / =h3bi/ n.,relax v.,what one likes to do in ones free time 业余爱好,(sth. done for) rest and amusement 休息，娱乐,entertainment /;ent2=teinm2nt/ n.,entertain vt.,show, party, etc. that people enjoy 娱乐,solve / s3lv / vt.,find an answer to (a problem) 解决（问题）,aware / 2=w12 / a.,having knowledge or understanding 知道的；意识到的,furthermore / =f2:72=m3: / ad.,moreover; in addition 而且；此外,enable / i=neibl / vt.,activity / 8k=tiviti/ n.,make (sb.) able (to do sth.) 使（某人）能（做某事）,sth. (to be) done 活动,adequate / =8dikwit / a.,as much as one needs; enough 充分的；足够的,distraction / dis=tr8k52n / n.,sth. that draws away the mind or attention 分心（或分散注意力）的事物,concentrate (on or upon) / =k3ns2ntreit / vi.,skim / skim / vt.,pay close attention (to) 全神贯注（于）,read quickly to get the main ideas (of) 略读,preview / =pri:=vju: / vt.,content / =k3ntent / n.,organize / =3:g2naiz / vt.,have a general view of (sth.) beforehand 预习,what is written in a book, etc. 内容,form into a whole 组织,later / =leit2 / ad.,skip / skip / vt.,portion / =p3:52n / n.,后来；以后,pass over 略过,part; share 一部分；一份,double / =d0bl / v.,comprehension / ;k3mpri=hen52n/ n.,make or become twice as great or as many （使）增加一倍,the act of understanding or ability to understand 理解（力）,mention / =men52n/ vt.,speak or write about (sth.) in a few words 提及,confused / k2n=fju:zd / a.,confuse vt.,mixed up in ones mind 迷惑的，混淆的,textbook n.,performance / p2=f3:m2ns / n.,a standard book for the study of a subject 教科书；课本,achievement 成绩,meaningful a.,having important meaning or value 富有意义的,attitude / =8titju:d / n.,purpose / =p2:p2s / n.,what one thinks about sth. 态度，看法,aim 目的，意图,excessively / ik=sesivli / ad.,permanent / =p2:m2n2nt / a.,excessive a.,too much 过多的，过分地,lasting for a long time; never changing 持久的；永久的,technique /=tek=ni:k / n.,helpful a.,way of doing sth. 技巧，方法,useful; providing help or willing to help 有益的；给予帮助的，肯帮忙的,V. Organization of the Text,This text may be divided into three parts.,Part I (para. 1) This is an introductory paragraph, in which the author puts forward his point of view.,Part II (para. 2-7) This part is the main body of the text, in which the author suggests six ways of improving ones study habits.,Part III (para. 8) This is a conclusive paragraph, in which the author draws a conclusion.,VI. Presentation of the Text,Want to know how to improve your grades without having to spend more time studying? Sounds too good to be true? Well, read on ,Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. You can receive better grades if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Heres how:,Question1. Can average students become top students according to the text?,Yes,even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work.,para. 1.,1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of your time. Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meeting, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldnt occupy all of the free time on the schedule. Its important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and entertainment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play.,para. 2. Plan your time carefully.,Question2. How to plan your time carefully?,Question3. Why is it important to plan your time carefully?,It will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play.,committed time: time committed for necessary purposes, that is, time required to fulfill one and obligations or necessities 用于必要目的所花的时间或履行职责所需的时间,commit: vt. assign to certain use 指定用于；调配供使用,e.g. Sorry, the President is unable to see you. His time is fully committed.,2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject.,para. 3. Find a good place to study.,Question 4. Where should you study?,You should study in a comfortable place without distraction.,3. Skim before you read. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well.,para. 4. Skim before you read.,Question 5. What does skimming mean?,Question 6. Why is it important?,Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well.,4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.,para. 5. Make good use of your time in class.,Question 7. How to make good use of your time in class?,Listen to the teacher attentively, sit where you can see and hear well, and take notes.,5. Study regularly. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused about. Read about these points in your textbook. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material too . This will help you understand the next class. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on tests.,para. 6. Study regularly.,Question8. What should you do before and after class?,Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused about.,Go over your notes as soon as you can after class.,Preview your lessons .,6. Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world wont end if you dont pass a test, so dont worry excessively about a single test. Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make you new knowledge permanent.,Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make your new knowledge permanent.,para. 7. Develop a good attitude about tests.,Question9. What is the purpose of a test?,There are other techniques that might help you with your studying. Only a few have been mentioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. Talk with your classmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. Improving your study habits will improve your grades.,Question11. Do you have other good study habits to share with your classmates?,Question10. What do you think of the six suggestions?,para. 8,VII. Summery of the Text,1. Main Idea of the Text,Even an ordinary student can be a top one without additional work by taking the six suggestions given below: planning your time carefully, finding a good place to study, skimming before you read, making good use of your time in class, studying regularly, developing a good attitude about tests.,2. Writing Styles:,This text is an exposition in which the writer explains six methods to improve students study habits.,There are generally three writing styles, namely, narration (记叙文) , exposition(说明文) and argumentation (议论文).,3. Language Points,Key Words,(1) average adj., ordinary; normal 普通的；一般的,e.g. What is the yearly income of an average family in Shanghai?,Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence., mean 平均的,e.g. The average age of the students in this class is 19.,(2) occupy v.,e.g. Reading occupies most of my spare time., take up; cause to engage 占用；占据；使从事,Of course, studying shouldnt occupy all of the free time on the schedule., take and possess 占领；拥有,e.g. Sorry, this seat is occupied.,be occupied (in) doing sth. / with sth. 正忙于做某事,e.g. He is occupied in doing his experiment.,(3) adequate adj., enough; ample 足够的；充足的,e.g. They prepared an adequate supply of food for the war.,Furthermore, it will enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play.,e.g. Do you think he is adequate to the task?, suitable; fit 合适的；适当的,(4) double v. make or become twice as great 增加一倍,e.g. The price of vegetables has doubled in the past few weeks.,Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well.,Note: The word “ double”, when used as an adjective, means: twice as much; having two like things or parts, for example:,e.g. He was given double pay for working on Sunday.,a double bed 双人床,a double room in a hotel 旅馆的双人房间,(5) purpose n. aim; plan; design 目的；计划,e.g. Last month Jim came to China for business purpose., To show off her new shoes, Mary complained about foot pain on purpose.,The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject.,Phrases and Expressions,(1) decide on: make a choice or decision about 选定；决定,e.g. They have decided on a date for their party.,Then decide on good, regular times for studying.,(2) be aware of: know (sth.); know (what is happening) 知道；意识到,e.g. Are you aware of the importance of learning a foreign language?,This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.,(3) look over: examine; inspect 检查；查看,e.g. Please look over your paper carefully.,This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully.,(4) lead to: have as a result; cause 导致；引起,e.g. Careless driving often leads to accidents.,Regular review leads to improved performance on tests.,(5) share with: use or have with 与分享,e.g. I share the office with two other teachers.,Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful.,Key Structures,(1) be the case: be true; be the actual state of affairs,case : n. the actual condition,e.g. He thought he had found the right answer, but that was not the case.,This is not necessarily the case, however., In no case should you lose heart.,Note: The word “ case”is often used in some set phrases:,e.g. I am ready to help in any case., In case of emergency, call me at this number., He carries an umbrella with him in case it rains.,(2) be sure to: not fail (to do sth.) 务必(做)，一定(做),e.g. Be sure to leave adequate time for play.,Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments.,(3) as well: also; too 也,e.g. This book tells about Lu Hsuns writings, and his life as well.,Its important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and ente