2019高考英语一轮核心考点探究与练习教材复习篇Unit4WildlifeProtection（含解析）新人教版.docx

Unit 4Wildlife protection李仕才【短文语法填空】Recent months have seen a return of bikes across China. With an increasing number of people choosing cycling instead of 1. (drive) to schools, to workplaces or to do sightseeing, the introduction of bikesharing programs has brought the trend to a new level.The bikes 2. (equip) with GPS and can be left anywhere in public for the next user.Theyre popular among many Chinese people as they provide 3. effective solution in places 4. its difficult to change from one kind of transport to another. Bikesharing is a 5. (green) method of transportation and 6. (provide) a more friendly experience.However, the programs have also led to problems such as 7. (legal) parking, deliberate(蓄意的) damage and theft. To deal with these problems, the company came up with the idea of encouraging people 8. (return) the bikes to stations 9. rewarding free time for their next rides.Now, Chinese service operators are also trying to address these problems, too. For example, Mobike sets a 100point credit score for each user, with 10. (point) taken in the case of bad behavior. Once a score drops below 80, the bike rental is increased to 100 yuan per 30 minutes, up from 0.51 yuan.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了共享单车在国内的兴起和发展情况。共享单车受到了大众的欢迎，但是也带来了很多问题。为了解决这些问题，经营共享单车的公司也采取了一些措施。1driving解析：考查非谓语动词。越来越多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车到学校、工作场所或去观光。根据空前的介词 of 可知，空处应用动词ing形式，故用driving。2are equipped解析：考查动词的时态和语态。这些自行车装配了GPS，可以被停在公共场合的任何地方留给下一个用户。此处是客观性描述，且The bikes和equip之间是被动关系，故填are equipped。3an解析：考查冠词。该处指“一种有效的解决方法”，表示泛指；effective的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。4where解析：考查定语从句。它们受到许多中国人的欢迎，因为它们在难以从一种交通工具转变到另一种交通工具的地方提供了一种有效的解决办法。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，句中places 为先行词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where 引导该定语从句。5greener解析：考查形容词的比较级。共享单车是一种更绿色的交通方式。根据本句中的“more friendly”可知，本空应用比较级形式与之构成并列关系。故填greener。6provides解析：考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，主语是Bikesharing，且由本句中的“is”可知，空处应用动词provide 的单数形式，故填provides。7illegal解析：考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处指非法停车。故填illegal，意为“非法的”。8to return解析：考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to return。9by解析： 考查介词。为了解决这些问题，公司提出了一种想法，通过奖励人们下一次免费骑车的时间，鼓励他们将自行车送回车站。根据语境可知，空处应用by表示方式。10points解析：考查名词复数。摩拜公司为每个用户设置了100分的信用评分，如有不良行为就减分。point 在此处为可数名词，且其前没有限定词修饰，故填points。mercy n仁慈；宽恕；怜悯(1)ask/beg for mercy 请求宽恕show mercy to sb.have/take mercy on sb.怜悯/同情/宽恕某人(2)with mercy 仁慈地without mercy 残忍地；毫不留情地at the mercy of 任由摆布It is a mercy that.真是万幸(教材原句)Farmers hunted us without mercy.农民们毫不留情地捕杀我们。He is such a merciful (mercy) man as always has mercy on those homeless animals，which are usually at the mercy of the coldness and the storm.But sometimes he can show no mercy to those he doesnt like.他是一个宽容的人，总是怜悯那些任由寒冷和暴风雨摆布的无家可归的动物。但是有时对那些他不喜欢的人与物，他一点也不会怜悯。affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭(1)be greatly/deeply affected by 被深深打动be affected with high fever 发高烧(2)effect n作用；影响have an effect on 对产生影响be of no effect 无效come into effect 生效；实行take effect 生效；起作用(教材原句)It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.它含有一种强效药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。(2016浙江卷)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your credit.准时付电费很重要，因为付晚了会影响你的信用。Even below the drink driving limit，driving will_be_affected (will affect)即使低于酒驾限度，驾驶也将受影响。单句语法填空(2017天津卷)When I was 50, my weight problem began to_affect (affect) me seriously.succeed vi.成功；继承vt.接替；继任(1)succeed in(doing)sth.成功地做某事succeed to sth.继承succeed sb.as 接替某人成为(2)successful adj.成功的be successful in(doing)sth.成功地做某事(3)success nU成功；成就；C成功的人或事物(教材原句)What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?如果野生动物保护计划要想成功的话必须要做什么？(2016天津卷)Human beings，I believe，must try to_succeed (succeed)我相信人类一定会尽力成功。After succeeding (succeed) to his fathers company as president of it successfully (success)，he succeeded (succeed) in making the company more successful (success) in its field，which helped to make him a success (succeed)in turn.在他成功地继承了父亲的公司并成为公司总裁之后，他使公司在它所在的领域里获得了更大的成功，反过来，公司的成功也成就了他的成功人士的地位。【七选五】How to run international meetingsAs more of us do business across cultures，its best to prepare ahead of time before heading to the meeting table.Here are four rules for different countries.Stick to the scheduleWhere：Germany，Austria，Japan Weve all been to meetings that have a loose agenda，if any at all.They dont start on time and they seem to repeat. 1 Japanese are more likely to create a detailed agenda and pass out supporting documents several days before a meeting. 2 Meetings that run long in Germany are often taken to mean that the parties are not communicating efficiently. 3 Where：China，Malaysia，SingaporeDebating a topic can go against the traditional Chinese concept of“saving face”，which means avoiding any mistakes or actions that could bring embarrassment.Laughing at even an obviously amusing answer or pointing out a potential mistake can spoil the entire meeting.Enjoy the interruptionsWhere：Italy，France，SpainWhen Pascal Soboll meets with clients in Italy or Spain，hes no longer offended if they leave early or arrive late.Rather than attend the entire threehour meeting，he has learned that his colleagues thereand in some parts of Franceattend based on their own timetable. 4 Rather than expect people to sit through his entire presentation，he makes it easier for them to turn up as needed.Please，no small talkWhere：Finland，SwedenIn places like Finland and Sweden，where nonmeeting related discussions like chat about the weather can be regarded as a way to be off a formallyset agenda and as a waste of other peoples time.In some countries，including Finland，there are long pauses in the conversation. 5 These breaks are used as a way to process what the other person is saying without interrupting.ANot so in these countries.BGermans and Austrians are similar.CDont even think about a brainstorm.DTheres often no way to tell how things are going.EDont try to fill them，though，with small talk or anything else.FWhat do the long silences，idle chitchat and serious faces really mean in context?GFor Soboll，that means changing his own Germanbased expectations of client behaviour.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在不同国家如何成功地召开会议。1A空处前两句介绍了常见的会议情况：时间安排松散，开会不准时，总是重复；结合空后的“Japanese are more likely to create a detailed agenda and pass out supporting documents several days before a meeting.”可知，日本人注意会议的细节，并在数天前就做好准备。据此可以判断，空处承上启下，说明并非所有的国家在开会时都会出现上述的情况：时间安排松散，开会不准时，总是重复。故A项正确。2B根据该部分中的“where：Germany，Austria，Japan”可知，该部分主要介绍德国、奥地利和日本的开会习惯；空前一句已经介绍了日本的情况，结合空后一句“Meetings that run long in Germany are often. efficiently.”可知，空处及下一句介绍德国和奥地利的开会习惯，故B项正确。3C根据空处位置可知，空处为该部分标题，是该部分的主旨；通读该部分可知，该部分第一句介绍了在中国开会应当认真讨论，以防发生尴尬，第二句介绍在开会时不要嘲笑有趣的答案或指出潜在的错误；据此可知，该部分主要介绍要严肃认真地讨论会议议题，就事论事，不需要在开会前有什么“头脑风暴”，故C项正确。4G根据上文中的“When Pascal Soboll.”和“Rather than. attend based on their own timetable.”以及空后一句可知，意大利人、法国人和西班牙人开会很随意，G项中的“Soboll”与该处相对应，故G项正确。5E根据该部分标题“Please，no small talk”和空前的“there are long pauses in the conversation”可知，选E项，E项中的“them”与“long pauses”对应。die out 灭亡；逐渐消失(1)die away (声音；光线等)逐渐消失die of/from 因而死die down 减弱；平息die off 相继死亡(2)be dying for 很想要；渴望be dying to do sth.极想干某事(教材原句)As a result these endangered animals may even die out.结果，这些濒危动物甚至可能会灭亡。The sound of their laughter died away.他们的笑声渐渐远去了。After walking in the desert for such a long time，he was_dying (die) for a drink.在沙漠里走了很长时间，他非常想喝水。come into being 出现；形成；产生come into effect/force/operation 开始生效/执行/实施come into use 开始使用come into sight/view 看得见come into power 当权come into action 开始行动come into office就职(教材原句)They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.它们生活在千百万年前的地球上，比人类诞生早得多，而且那时它们的未来看似很安全。A new system of taxation will come into effect next May.新税制将在明年五月开始实行。This method has come into wide use in this area.这种方法在这一地区已被广泛使用。come into being为不及物动词短语，无被动形式，也不用于进行时态。pay attention to 注意；留意(1)give ones attention to 关注；注意catch/attract/draw ones attention to.吸引某人对的注意fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on.将某人的注意力集中于turn ones attention to.将某人的注意力转向devote ones attention to.专心致志于(2)短语中to为介词的固定搭配：apply to doing sth.适用于做某事object to doing sth.反对做某事see to doing sth.负责做某事stick to doing sth.坚持做某事be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事be devoted to doing sth.致力于(献身于)做某事get down to doing sth.开始认真地做某事contribute to doing sth.促成做某事(教材原句)You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.你应该多关注我居住的雨林并欣赏一下动物们是如何在一起生活的。(2016全国卷)But this is the first time that I have written an application and the personal resume，so I dont even know if there are something to_pay (pay)attention to.但这是我第一次写申请和个人简历，因此甚至我还不知道有哪些要注意的事情。The conference may help to_fix (fix)attention on the economy.此次会议可能有助于将关注焦点放在经济上。Be sure to pay attention to protecting (protect) the environment and think of others while traveling.外出旅游时务必注意保护环境，为他人着想。【短文改错】Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter asked about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still take up most of our time.Besides，we often help our parents with the housework or farm work，that makes us realize how hard we work every day and develop a great love for work.Meanwhile，we take active part in social activities，such as voluntary work. We went out to the streets to collect rubbishes or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children.We try our best to help those who are in need or make our hometown a lot of more beautiful. We find greatly pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming【答案】Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still up most of our time.Besides，we often help our parents with the housework or farm work， makes us realize how hard work every day and develop a great love for work.Meanwhile，we take active part in social activities，such as voluntary work. We out to the streets to collect or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children.We try our best to help those who are in need make our hometown a lot more beautiful. We find pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming第一处：askedasking。考查非谓语动词。我很高兴收到你询问中国学生目前的假日生活的来信。ask和其逻辑主语letter之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。第二处：taketakes。考查主谓一致。学习和娱乐仍然占据了我们大部分的时间。此处是together with连接的名词在句中作主语，谓语动词应与句子原来的主语Learning保持一致，即应用第三人称单数，故改为takes。第三处：thatwhich。考查定语从句。此外，我们经常帮助我们的父母做家务或者干农活，这使我们意识到他们每天工作得多努力。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，故用which。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。第四处：wethey。考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指代的是上文中的“our parents”，故应用they。第五处：在active前加an。考查冠词。同时，我们积极参加社会活动，比如志愿工作。take an active part in为习惯用法，表示“积极参加”。第六处：wentgo。考查时态。我们去街上收集垃圾或者去医院安慰生病的孩子们。全文的基本时态是一般现在时，故此处应用一般现在时。第七处：rubbishesrubbish。考查名词。rubbish表示“垃圾”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故改为rubbish。第八处：orand。考查连词。由语境可知，此处表示并列的顺承关系，故用and表示“和，与”。or表示选择关系，意为“或，或者”。第九处：去掉of。考查固定搭配。此处指使我们的家乡变得更加美丽。根据句中的“more”可知，此处修饰比较级，故应用a lot。a lot of表示“许多”，修饰名词。第十处：greatlygreat。考查副词。在这些活动中，我们发现了极大的乐趣。此处修饰名词pleasure，故应用形容词。There_were many different kinds of dinosaurs and a number of them used to live in China.过去有许多种类的恐龙并且为数很多的恐龙曾经生活在中国。there be 句型表示“某处有某人、某物或某事”。(1)常见的there be变化结构如下：(2)句型There ben.v.ing/v.ed中，v.ing，v.ed作主语补足语。如果名词与后面的分词存在主动关系，用v.ing形式，如果是被动关系，则用v.ed形式。There seems to_be (be) a bank around here.附近好像有一家银行。There happened (happen) to be nobody in the room.恰巧房间里没人。There are few people described (describe) as geniuses.很少有能称得上天才的人。【阅读理解】The popular TV program Readers has prompted more people in China to practice reading aloud in booths (小间) set up in big cities across the country. As the latest TV show to help peoples love for literature recover, the CCTV program Readers invites people from all walks of life to read aloud their favorite poems, essays and books, or even personal letters they wrote to their loved ones. Just as the weekly show has been wellreceived, its reading booths, equipped with professional recording devices and cameras, have become instant hits. A crowd of more than 200 people were pictured lining up outside the Shanghai Library at 11 am on March 4 the first day of the booths opening to the public in Shanghai. The deadline for registrations was brought forward to 2 pm instead of the scheduled 5：30 pm, as the number of waiting readers continued to grow. Some waited more than nine hours for a tryout in the booth, according to library management. “There is an old photo in the late 1970s capturing people lining up outside the Shanghai Library before it opens. If that was a spring of reading in Shanghai, now I think another spring has arrived again，” library manager Zhou Deming, told The Paper. The reading booth is the only one of its kind in the city of economic center at the moment, but more are expected to be put into use in the coming months, according to the librarys website. The program has also led to booths in other cities including Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Xian to appeal to more people to read and share their life stories. With the recent boom of culturethemed TV shows such as Readers and Chinese Poetry Congress, some are optimisti