2019中考英语二轮复习阅读、任务型阅读、完形填空精享新编（4）.docx

2019中考英语阅读、任务型阅读、完形填空精享新编（4）一、阅读理解。A（2019中考选练）How much sleep is enough?To stay in good health, some experts in the US say, adults should get seven to eight hours of sleep. Teenagers need nine to ten hours. And pre-school children need more than 10 hours of sleep a night. Experts say the quality（质量） of our sleep becomes poor as we grow older. This happens because the brain unit that controls sleep begins to weaken slowly as we age.Experts say the change starts in our 30s. By the time we reach our 50s, a person may have lost 50 percent of his or her ability to have a restful sleep. These people have trouble falling and staying asleep through the night. From middle age on, these problems only get worse, and they can have a bad effect on their health.Signs that show you may not be getting enough sleep:Youre always hungry or youve got unwanted weight. If you are in short of sleep, certain chemicals（化学物质） in your body will not work well and tell your brain in time that you have eaten enough.You have trouble making decisions. Not having enough sleep may make your brain work slower in problem solving.You have trouble remembering things. Sleep helps prepare the brain for new memories. Your feeling changes unreasonably. People who dont sleep well may feel unable to control their feeling. You are having trouble seeing. If there is a shortage of sleep, you may not be able to see things as clearly as usual. How to improve your sleep? Here are a few things people can do to get better sleep. Health experts say that exercise and avoiding work on computers make people go to sleep more easily. A cool room is also a good choice for sleeping well. 1.What can we learn from the passage?A.With the help of medicine, we can sleep better.B.People begin to have sleep problems in their 40s.C.Teenagers usually need more sleep than adults.D.Few people have sleep problems in their late years.2.The underlined word “effect” in the passage is close in meaning to .A.knowledgeB.influenceC.excuseD.activity3.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a sign that shows you are not sleeping well?A.You often get hungry.B.Your eyesight is failing.C.You have poorer memory.D.You always feel tired.4.It is possible that the article is taken from .A.a middle school textbookB.a travel guideC.a magazine on healthD.an ad in the newspaper主旨大意 本文是一篇说明文,阐述了不同年龄段的人每晚需要多长时间的睡眠以及睡眠不足有哪些表现。文章最后提出要想睡眠好,多锻炼,少玩电脑。1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“adults should get seven to eight hours of sleep. Teenagers need nine to ten hours.”可知,青少年需要的睡眠时间要比成人多些,故选C。2.B词义猜测题。根据上文“These people have trouble falling and staying asleep through the night. From middle age on, these problems only get worse”可知,这部分人整夜睡眠有问题,从中年开始,这个问题愈加严重;又根据bad和health可推测对健康有影响,故effect意为“影响”,与influence同义。3.D细节理解题。根据文章内容可知睡眠不好会导致记忆力差、经常有饥饿感、视力下降,没有提到感觉疲劳,故选D。4.CB入乡随俗When you hear Westerners(西方人)say “Drop in anytime”(随时来玩) or “Come and see me soon”， you should realize that it doesnt mean you are welcome to come over to their houses anytime. Its wise to telephone before visiting someone. Never accept an invitation unless you really plan to go. You may refuse by saying, “Thank you for inviting me, but I may not be able to come.” If you are unable to come after accepting the invitation, be sure to tell those who invite you in advance(提前) that you will not be there. When you have accepted the invitation to a party or a dinner, it is polite to bring small gifts with you, such as bottles of drinks, flowers, and some others. Sometimes Westerners may take you out to dinner in a restaurant and it does not necessarily mean that he is going to pay the bill at the end of the meal. He might want you to “go_Dutch”， which means each person pays his own bill. 1. When Westerners say “Drop in anytime” or “Come and see me soon”， it means_. A. you are welcome to visit them anytime B. you are welcome to visit them, but you still need to call them before going to their housesC. they dont want you to visit themD. they will hold a party for you 2. If a Westerner invites you to go to his house, _. A. you may refuse if you dont plan to goB. you have to accept the invitation even though you dont want to goC. you cant accept the invitationD. and if you accept the invitation, you must go 3. If you have accepted the invitation to a party or a dinner, what kind of gifts will you bring?A. Money. B. Televisions. C. Computers. D. Books. 4. The underlined part “go Dutch” means “_” in Chinese. A. 去荷兰 B. 去Dutch 这家餐厅 C. 实行AA制 D. 请客5. The best title of this passage is _. A. Drop in anytime B. Come and see me soonC. Invitation in Western countries D. Westerners【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西方国家的邀请礼仪。即使西方人说“随时来玩”或“不久后来看我”，在你去以前也要打电话。如果你没计划去别人家，他邀请时你可以拒绝，如果你接受了邀请，在你去别人家时，最好带一些小礼物。1. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当西方人说“随时来玩”或“不久后来看我”，它意味着_。A项：在任何时间拜访他们，你都是受欢迎的；B项：拜访他们你是受欢迎的，但你仍要在去他们家之前给他们打电话；C项：他们不想要你拜访他们；D项：他们要为你举行派对。根据文章第一段最后一句“Its wise to telephone before visiting someone.在拜访某人前打电话是明智的。”可知B项正确。2. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果一位西方人邀请你去他家，_。A项：如果你没有计划去，你可以拒绝；B项：即使你不想去，你也不得不接受邀请；C项：你不能接受邀请；D项：如果你接受了邀请就必须去。根据文章第二段第一句“Never accept an invitation unless you really plan to go.除非你真的打算去，否则不要接受邀请。”可知选A。3. D【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：如果你已经接受了去聚会或晚餐的邀请，你要带什么礼物？根据第三段第一句“.it is polite to bring small gifts with you, such as bottles of drinks, flowers, and some others.带小礼物是很有礼貌的，比如几瓶酒、花和其他的东西。”分析选项中只有书属于小礼物。故选D。4. C【解析】短语意思猜测题。题干意为：划线部分“go Dutch”的汉语意思是_。根据短文最后一段最后一句中“which means each person pays his own bill每个人付自己的账”可推断是“AA制”。故选C。5. C【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳题目是_。A项：随时来玩；B项：不久后来看我；C项：西方国家的邀请；D项：西方人。文章第二、三段都是在介绍关于邀请的问题，故选C。C（2019中考保健与健康类选练）Do you sleep well? If your answer is no, the following might help you.Set a certain bedtime and rising time A certain bedtime and rising time can help you build up your body clocks. Set a bedtime which is good and natural for you. Dont change your bedtime and rising time on weekends.Avoid exciting activities just before sleeping Exciting activities get your thoughts running. At the same time, if you make tomorrows plan or read an exciting story before turning off the light, it doesnt give you enough time to relax before you try to sleep.Keep the bedroom for sleeping only Its a bad habit for you to use your bedroom as a place to eat, watch TV, read, talk on the phone, or discuss important matters with your family members. Break that habit to get better sleep.Dont go to bed too earlyYour body usually lets you sleep only the number of hours it needs. You should decide how many hours you must sleep in order not to experience daytime sleepiness.Take a warm shower before your bedtimeA twenty-minute warm shower at a temperature of about 45 50 not only is a great relax at days end, but also raises your body temperature by several degrees. The coming drop in temperature of your body will naturally make you feel sleepy.1. If you want to build up your body clocks, you should _. A. set a certain bedtime and rising time B. go to bed neither too early nor too late C. keep the bedroom for sleeping only D. take a warm shower before sleeping2. Why should you avoid exciting activities just before sleeping?A. Because they will get your thoughts running B. Because you have to make tomorrows palnC. Because you should read an exciting story D. Because you will have to turn off the light.3. Your bedroom should be kept for _ only. A. talking B. eating C. reading D. sleeping4. According to the passage, _ will make you feel sleepy. A. taking a cold shower B. your body temperature droppingC. your daily experience D. raising your body temperature参考答案1A 2 A 3D 4B 二、任务型阅读。2019中考任务型阅读题People in different countries have different hobbies around the world. For example, in America peoples favorite hobby is watching TV in their spare time. It is the main entertainment for Americans to watch TV at least one hour each day. 96% of Americans take watching TV as their first hobby. The second one is going to the cinema or doing some sports. Besides these, fishing is also a very popular hobby. In England, its quite different. People like to go to the flea market（跳蚤市场）. They like to go there because they want to see if there is something new. In addition, Englishmen like drinking tea. Russians like reading very much. Wherever you go, you will see the people reading carefully. Germans like reading as well. According to a survey (调查), Germans read 11 books on average (平均) in 2006. （1）What is Americans favourite hobby? (不超过10个词) （2）Why do Englishmen like to go to the flea market? (不超过15个词)（3）Who likes reading books? (不超过10个词)【答案】1.Watching TV(Their favourite hobby is watching TV).2.Because they want to see if there is something new.3.Russians and Germans.【解析】【文章大意】不同国家的人们在世界各地都有不同的爱好。文章主要讲述了美国人业余时间爱好的一些活动。【关键词】America peoples favorite hobby1.由For example, in America peoples favorite hobby is watching TV in their spare time.可知答案，故答案是Watching TV(Their favourite hobby is watching TV).2.由They like to go there because they want to see if there is something new.可知答案，故答案是Because they want to see if there is something new.3.由Russians like reading very much.以及Germans like reading as well.可知答案，故答案是Russians and Germans.三、完形填空Sam had a dog, Its name