高一英语必修4U.ppt

.词汇过关 1_n表演者；演出者_v表演_n表演 2_vt.使惊诧_adj.令人感到惊讶的_n惊讶 3_adj.幸运的；吉利的_adv.不幸地 4_adj.平常的；普通的 5_vt. & vi.使欢乐；款待_n款待；娱乐_adj.愉快的；有趣的,6_prep.遍及；贯穿adv.到处；全部 7_adj.用旧的；破烂的 8_n失败(者) 9_vt. & vi克服；战胜 10_vt.使信服_adj.令人信服的 11_adj.突出的；杰出的；显著的 12_n信心；信念_adj.有信心的,答案：1.performer; perform; performance 2astionish; astionshing; astionshment 3fortunate; unfortunately 4ordinary 5entertain; entertainment; entertaining 6throughout 7.worn 8.failure 9.overcome 10convince; convincing 11outstanding 12.confidence; confident,.短语自查 1up to now_ 2_对满足 3badly off_ 4_挑出；辨别出 5_切断；断绝 6_担任主角；主演,答案：1.直到现在 2be/feel content with 3穷的；缺少的 4pick out 5.cut off 6.star in,.句式翻译 1He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives. _ 2You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. _ _,3Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother. _ _,4Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. _ 5The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted! _,答案： 1在人们感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对自己的生活感到比较满足。 2你可能会感到惊奇，查理刚会说话时大人就教他唱歌，他刚会走路时大人就教他跳舞了。 3不幸的是他父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加贫困。因此查理的童年是在照顾生病的母亲和弟弟中度过的。 4查理首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面一样 5令人心悦诚服的表演使你相信这是他吃过的最可口的饭菜了！,.语篇理解 仔细阅读课文，完成表格。,答案：1.brightened 2.depressed 3.speak and walk 4childhood 5.teens 6.films 7.tramp 8.social 9failed/without success 10.snowstorm 11.leather shoes 12produced 13.special Oscar 14.inspire,.单词突破 1brighten (v.)(使)发光，(使)明亮，(使)高兴，(使)更有希望 These new curtains will brighten(up)the room. 新窗帘将使这个房间变得明朗。 She brightened(up)when we reached the hotel. 我们一到旅馆，她就高兴起来。,【知识拓展】 brighten是在形容词bright后加en构成的，英语中的许多形容词前或后加en可构成动词，表示“使变得”；许多名词前或后加en也可构成动词，表示“使有，给予”。 encourage 鼓励 endanger 使面临危险 strengthen 加强 lengthen 延长 enable 使能够 enrich 丰富，使富裕 widen 拓宽 sharpen 磨快,【牛刀小试】 试写出下列单词的动词形式 title_ sure_ large_ broad_ 答案：entitle“给命名” ensure“确保，保证” enlarge“扩大” broaden“拓宽”,2depressed (adj.) 抑郁的，沮丧的，意志消沉的；不景气的，萧条的 the depressed areas of the country 经济不景气的地区 Hes been feeling depressed for several weeks. 他感到精神不振已有好几个星期了。,【知识拓展】 1)depress (vt.) 使沮丧，使消沉；使不景气，使萧条 Wet weather always depresses me. 阴雨天总使我心情抑郁。 The new policy depressed business instead. 新政策反而使经济萧条。 2)depressing (adj.)令人沮丧的，令人消沉的 a depressing sight/thought/experience 令人沮丧的景象/想法/经历,【牛刀小试】 单项填空 The_film made us even more_. Adepressed; depressing Bdepressing; depressed Cdrpressed; depressed Ddepressing; depressing 答案：B depressing常修饰事物，表示“令人沮丧的”；depressed常修饰人或表情，表示“沮丧的，消沉的”。,3content 1)adj. (1)be/feel content(with sth.)满意；满足 He is quite content with his present fortune. 他对自己目前的境遇颇为得意。 (2)be content to do sth. 愿意；乐意 I am well content to remain here. 我很愿意留在这里。,2)v. (1)content oneself with sth. 满足；满意；知足 We should never content ourselves with a little book knowledge only. 我们切不可满足于仅仅有一点点书本知识。 (2)使满意；使满足 Nothing contents her; she is always complaining. 没有什么能使她满意，她总是抱怨。,3)n. (1)sing.(书，讲话，节目等的)主题，主要内容 The content of the course depends on what the students would like to study. 课程的内容取决于学生愿意学什么。 (2)pl. 所容纳之物；所含之物；内容 The contents of the box fell onto the floor. 这个盒子里的东西掉到地上了。 (3)pl. (书的)目次，目录 It is advisable to look at the contents page of a book, before buying it. 买书前最好是先看一看目录。,【知识拓展】 contented(adj.)(尤指因生活好而)满意的；惬意的；满足的 He was a contented man. 他是个心满意足的人。,【牛刀小试】 完成句子 (1)不要满足于这样小的成功。 Dont _ _ _such a small success. (2)警察把她的包倒空，检查了里面的东西。 The police emptied her bag and_ _ _. 答案：(1)be content with (2)examined the contents,单项填空 (3)The old couple seem_in front of the television all night. Acontent to sit Bcontent sitting Ccontent sit Dcontent to be sitting 答案：A be content to do sth.“乐于做某事”；be content with sth./doing sth.“沉迷(满足)于”。根据句子意思“老夫妇俩似乎对于整夜坐在电视机前就心满意足了”可知，A为正确答案。,4astonish (v.)使十分吃惊；使大为惊奇；使吃惊 She astonished us by saying she was leaving. 她说她要离开，令我们大为惊奇。 It astonished him that she had changed so little. 他很奇怪，她变化这么小。,【知识拓展】 1)astonished(adj.)(at/by sth./sb.)/(that.)感到十分惊讶； 吃惊 He was astonished at what he found. 他发现的情况使他十分惊讶。 We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion. 听说他们的足球队获得了冠军，这真叫人意想不到。,2)astonishing(adj.)令人十分惊讶的；使人大为惊奇的；难以置信的 She ran 100 m in an astonishing 10.9 seconds. 她以惊人的10.9秒的速度跑完了100米。 3)astonishment U 惊讶；惊异 He stared in astonishment at the stranger. 他惊愕地盯着陌生人。,【词语辨析】 astonish, surprise, amaze 1)astonish语气较强，指出乎预料，意外发生，但又无法解释而感到惊奇。在现代英语中通常表示某事使人震惊得难以置信， 但没有“惊叹”的意思。 The magicians next trick will astonish you. 魔术师的下一个戏法会使你大吃一惊。,2)surprise普通用词，多指因未预料到或意外的事而引起的惊奇之感。其含义是使人一愣。这种吃惊可能包含着高兴也可能包含害怕或忧虑。 His anger surprised me I had thought he was a calm person. 他的愤怒使我很惊讶，我原来以为他是个冷静的人。,3)amaze语气较强，指因认为不可能或极少可能发生情况的出现而感到惊讶或迷惑不解。它所表示的吃惊中包含着使人迷惑不解、困窘或惊疑不定。间或还有“惊叹， 佩服”的意思。 Visitors were amazed at the achievements in the car manufacture of the city during the past decade. 参观者对这城市过去十年中汽车制造工业的成就感到惊奇。,【牛刀小试】 完成句子 (1)她说她要离开，令我们大为惊奇。 She_us by saying she was leaving. (2)父母听到我的消息后显得十分吃惊。 My parents looked_ _my news. (3)我发现你们都不喜欢这个戏剧，真让人吃惊。 I find_quite_that none of you liked the play. (4)令我们吃惊的是他又一次没及格。 _ _ _，he failed again.,答案：(1)astonished (2)astonished at (3)it; astonishing (4)To our astonishment,单项填空 (5)His wife was_at the astronomical sum of money he had spent. Aamused Bsurprised Camazed Dastonished 答案：D 根据句子意思“他的妻子被他花的天文数字的钱惊呆了”可知，D为正确答案。astonished表示“感到十分吃惊的”。,5ordinary adj.普通的；平常的 It happened on an ordinary day. 这件事发生在平平常常的一天。 This was no ordinary meeting. 这次会议非同小可。,【牛刀小试】 根据汉语意思用ordinary, common, normal填空 (1)两者没有共同之处。 The two have nothing in_. (2)一切都很正常。 Everything is absolutely_. (3)他穿着一件普通的制服。 He wore an_uniform. 答案：(1)common (2)normal (3)ordinary,单项填空 (4)Ten years of hard work transformed Mathilde completely into a(n)_housewife. Aordinary Bcommon Cusual Dnormal,答案：A 本题考查近义词辨析。common指为许多人或事物所共同具备而常见；ordinary指由于与一般事物的性质或标准相同，因而显得平常，无奇特之处；usual指在某一地方或某一时间内所常见的，往往指常用的东西，或常发生的事情；normal同usual和regular，意为“正常的，正规的，标准的”。根据句意“十年的艰辛劳动彻底把马蒂尔德变成了一个普通的家庭妇女”可知，A为正确答案。,6entertain(v.) 1)(尤指在自己家中)招待，款待 Barbecues are a favorite way of entertaining friends. 烤肉野餐是最受人喜爱的待客方式。 2)(sb.)(with sth.)使有兴趣；使快乐 He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes. 他既讲故事又讲笑话，把我们逗得乐了几个小时。,【知识拓展】 1)entertainment (n.)招待；娱乐；供消遣的事物(尤指娱乐活动) this weeks entertainments 这个星期的娱乐活动 2)entertaining (adj.) 有趣的，令人愉快的 an entertaining speech/party 妙趣横生的演讲/令人开心的晚会 3)entertainer (n.) 演员，表演者，艺人,【牛刀小试】 根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)当我儿子浏览波士顿时，他们非常热情地款待了他。 They_my son quite hospitably, when he visited Boston. (2)他唱歌来让我们娱乐。 He _ _by singing songs. (3)那家饭店以良好的服务而闻名。 That hotel is famous_ _ _ _.,答案：(1)entertained (2)entertained us (3)for its good entertainment,单项填空 (4)In his spare time, he often listens to music or watches_films to relax himself. Afighting Bentertaining Ceducating Dunderstanding 答案：B entertaining做定语，意思为“娱乐的，愉快的”；fighting“好战的，战斗的”；educating“教育”；understanding“理解，谅解”。根据relax himself可知，B为正确答案。,7throughout 1)prep. (1)各处；遍及；相当于all over He is famous throughout the world. 他闻名于世界。 (2)自始至终；贯穿整个时期，相当于all through It rained throughout the night. 雨下了一整夜。,2)adv. (1)各处，到处；遍及 The house was painted white throughout. 这所房子全都粉刷成了白色。 (2)自始至终；贯穿整个时期 I watched the film and cried throughout. 我看那个电影时从头哭到尾。,【牛刀小试】 完成句子 (1)他们把产品出口到世界各地的市场。 They_their products_markets_the world. (2)从电影开始到结束，我们一直在笑。 We laughed_ _ _. 答案：(1)export; to; throughout (2)throughout the film,单项填空 (3)Though unsure how her speech would be received, she remained calm and professional_. Aall over Bthroughout Cacross Dall through,答案：B all over“到处，四处，彻底地，完全地”；throughout为副词，意为“始终”，经常用于句子的末尾；across“横过，交叉地，在对面”；all through“一直，从来就”。由句意知选B。,8wornout (adj.) 用坏的，穿旧的；精疲力竭的，疲惫不堪的 You can throw away the coat; it is wornout. 你可以把这衣服扔了；它已经破了。 She was wornout after three sleepless nights. 三天三夜她都没合眼，被弄得精疲力竭。,【知识拓展】 1)wear sth. out 磨薄，穿破，磨损，用坏 He wore out two pairs of shoes last year. 去年他穿坏了两双鞋。 2)wear sb. out 使疲乏，使精疲力竭；使厌烦 The kids have totally worn me out. 孩子们简直把我烦透了。,【牛刀小试】 完成句子 (1)他满脸疲倦。 He had a_look. (2)你要是继续这样拼命工作，身体会吃不消的。 Youll_ _ _if you_ _ _so hard. 答案：(1)wornout (2)wear yourself out; go/carry on working,单项填空 (3)Your composition will read better if you cross out these_figures of speech. Awornout Bmeaningful Chelpless Dinteresting 答案：A wornout“穿破的；逐渐耗尽的；疲惫不堪的；陈腐的”；meaningful“意味深长的”；helpless“无助的”；interesting“有趣的”。根据句子意思“如果去掉这些陈腐的修辞，你的作文读起来就要好一些”可知，A为正确答案。,9failure(n.) 1)U 失败 Failure in one examination should not stop you trying again. 一次考试不及格不应妨碍你再试一次。 2)C 失败的人(或事物) The new restaurant was a failure and soon closed. 那家新饭店经营无方，不久便关了门。,3)U & Cfailure to do sth. 未做，未履行(应做之事) Failure to comply with the regulations will result in prosecution. 不遵守规章制度将被起诉。 4)U & C 故障；失灵 She died of(a)heart failure. 她死于心脏衰竭。,【知识拓展】 fail v. 1)vi. 失败(常与不定式连用) I tried to fix it but I failed. 我想把它修好，但是失败了。 The letter failed to arrive. 这封信没有送到。 My grandson never fails to phone me on my birthday. 每逢我过生日时，我的孙子绝不会忘记给我打电话。,2)vi. 运转失灵，不能继续下去，破产 The rockets engine failed a few seconds after takeoff. 发射几秒钟后，火箭的发动机便失灵了。 Several of the biggest banks failed during the depression. 几家最大的银行在大萧条中破产了。,3)vi.(庄稼)歉收；(身体，视力，光线等)衰退，衰弱 The crop failed because of drought. 由于干旱，庄稼歉收了。 His sight is beginning to fail. 他视力开始减退了。 He has been failing in health for the last two months. 最近两个月他身体越来越差。,4)vt./vi.没能通过(考试等) Why did you fail(in)your driving test? 你为什么没能通过驾驶考试？ 5)vt.评定某人不及格 He passed the practical test but the teachers failed him in the written paper. 他通过了实际操作考试，但教师们给他的笔试评了不及格。,【牛刀小试】 完成句子 (1)失败乃成功之母。 _is the mother of success. (2)我的一切努力都无济于事。 All my efforts_ _ _. (3)晚会办得糟糕透顶。 The party was _ _ _. 答案：(1)Failure (2)ended in failure (3)a complete failure,单项填空 (4)In the face of_failure, it is the most important to keep up_good state of mind. A/；a Ba；/ Cthe；/ D/；the 答案：A 本题考查名词与冠词的用法。failure意思为“失败”时，是不可数名词，其前不必使用冠词。state意思为“状态，样子，情况，精神状态”，是可数名词，其前可使用冠词。a. state of.意思为“的状态”。句子意思为“面对失败，保持良好的精神状态是最重要的。”,10convince (vt.)使相信，使信服，常说convince sb. of sth., convince sb. that. Youll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. 你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。 Id convinced myself(that)I was right. 我确信自己是正确的。 Ive been trying to convince Joan to come with me. 我一直在设法说服琼跟我一起去。,【知识拓展】 1)convincing (adj.) 令人信服的；有说服力的 a convincing argument/explanation/case 有说服力的论点/解释/事例 2)convinced (adj.) 坚信的，深信的，信服的，常用句式be convinced of sth., be convinced that. I am convined of his innocence/that he is innocent. 我坚信他是无辜的。,【牛刀小试】 (1)(2007江西)Scientists are convinced_the positive effect of laughter_physical and mental health. Aof; at Bby; in Cof; on Don; at 答案：C 题意：科学家们相信笑声对身心健康有积极的影响。be convinced of意为“相信”；effect常与介词on连用。,单项填空 (2)Alice_her father that both she and her husband would be happy if he would live with them. Aconvinced Breinforced Cpledged Drequired 答案：A “convince sb.that从句”意为“使相信，说服”。reinforce“加强，增强”；pledge“发誓，保证”；require“要求，命令”。句意：艾丽丝使她父亲相信，如果他和他们一起生活，她和她丈夫会很高兴。,完成句子 (3)我们无法使她明白她的错误。 We couldnt _ _ _her mistakes. We couldnt_ _ _she had made mistakes. 答案：convince her of; convince her that,11direct 1)v. (1)direct sth. to/towards sth./sb.；direct sth. at/against sth./sb. 把对准(某方向或某人)；针对 Please direct your complaints to the manager. 请你去向经理投诉。 (2)管理；监督；指导 A new manager has been appointed to direct the project. 已任命一位新经理来管理这项工程。,(3)direct sb.(to.)给(某人)指路； 为(某人)领路 Excuse me; can you direct me to the station? 对不起，你能不能告诉我去车站怎么走？ (4)导演(电影或戏剧)；指挥(管弦乐队) The movie was directed by Zhang Yimou. 这部电影是由张艺谋导演的。 (5)命令；指示；常说direct sb. to do sth., direct that. The policeman directed the crowd to move back for safety. 为了安全那个警察命令人群往后退。,2)adj. (1)直接的；笔直的；径直的 The spokesman never gave a direct answer to any question of the reporters. 发言人对记者提出的问题从来不作直接的回答。 This train is direct; you do not have to change. 这班火车是直达的；你不必换车。 (2)直爽的；直率的；坦率的 Youll have to get used to his direct manner. 你得慢慢习惯他这种直率的方式。,(3)adv. 径直地；直接地 We flew direct from London to New York. 我们直接从伦敦飞到纽约。,【牛刀小试】 完成句子 (1)这个警告是针对你的。 The warning_ _ _you. (2)那两件事之间有直接联系。 There is a_ _ _the two events. (3)老板指示他推迟会议。 The boss_him_ _ _the meeting. (4)听到消息后，他直奔机场。 He_ _ _the airport after hearing the news.,答案：(1)is directed at (2)direct connection between (3)directed; to put off (4)went direct to,单项填空 (5)Almost all the recent criticism from the mass media_at the ever increasing rate of unemployment. Ais directed Bdirected Cis conducted Dconducted 答案：A 本题考查direct的用法。direct.at.“把对准，注意力指向”；“谈话针对”，direct为及物动词；conduct“引导，管理”。由句意“近来大众媒体的几乎所有批评都是针对越来越高的失业率的”可知，A为正确选项。,.短语精讲 1badly off 穷的；境况不好的，缺少的，比较级为worse off Hes too badly off to get a place to live in. 他现在贫困得连个住的地方都没有。 The school is rather badly off for equipment. 学校相当缺乏设备。,【知识拓展】 well off 富有的；境况好的；充裕的，比较级为better off The government claims that most people are better off than five years ago. 政府声称大多数人比5年前更富有了。,【牛刀小试】 完成句子 (1)他们太穷不能去度假。 Theyre too_ _to have a holiday. (2)我们缺电用，可他们情况更糟。他们还在用油灯。We were lacking in electricity. They were_ _.They still used lamps. (3)如果他年轻时多努力一点，现在就能过得舒服些。 If he had worked harder when young, he would be_ _now.,(4)难民需要毯子，更需要食物。 The refugees are_ _ _blankets, and even_ _ _food. 答案：(1)badly off (2)worse off (3)better off (4)badly off for; worse off for,单项填空 (5)Live with our means? We may be poor, Harry, but we are not that_. Abetter off Bbadly off Cworse off Deven worse 答案：B badly off“贫困，贫穷；境况不好”；worse off“(比以前或其他人)更贫困，更贫穷，情况较差”；better off“状况好的，经济状况好的，富裕的”；even worse“更糟糕”。由句意“什么，应该量入为出？我们虽然穷，哈里，可我们还没穷到那么糟糕呢”可知，B为正确答案。,2pick out 1)精心挑选 He picked out the ripest peach for me. 他给我挑了个熟透了的桃子。 2)认出来；辨别出 Can you pick out your sister in the crowd? 你能在这群人中认出你的妹妹吗？,【知识拓展】 pick up 1)捡起，拾起 I picked up a stone and threw it at the window. 我捡起一块石头朝窗户扔去。 2)习得，学会(语言，技能等) When he was abroad on business, he picked up some spoken English. 他在国外出差时学到了一些英语口语。,3)(无意中廉价地)买到 I picked up this book on my way home. Its really a bargain. 我在回家的路上买到了这本书，便宜极了。 4)去取某物，去接某人 Im going to pick up my coat from the cleaners. 我要去洗衣店取我的外衣。 5)搭载，让上车 The bus stopped to pick up an old lady. 公共汽车停下，让一位老太太上车。,6)收听到，接收 We picked up radio signals for help from the damaged plane. 我们接收到那架发生故障的飞机发出的无线电求救信号。 7)使增加 We picked up speed as we went downhill. 下山时我们的速度加快了。 8)(使)恢复，复原 He is beginning to pick up now. 他已经开始恢复健康了。,9)重新开始；继续 Lets pick up the discussion after lunch. 我们吃过午饭再继续讨论吧。 其它带pick的短语 pick apart把拆成碎片 pick at(轻轻地)拉；扯 pick off掐下；摘下(花朵、水果等) pick on挑出；挑剔 pick over挑拣好的；分档挑选 pick up with认识，结识,【牛刀小试】 (1)(2010山东27)Sam_some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. Abrought up Blooked up Cpicked up Dset up 答案：C 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：Sam在观看别人用电脑工作时学到了一些电脑知识。pick up可以表示“偶然学到”；A项“抚养长大；提出；呕吐”；B项“抬头看；查阅”；D项“成立，建立”。,(2)(2007四川)It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly_my friend. Aturn out Bbring out Ccall out Dpick out 答案：D 题意：电影院里很黑，我几乎无法找出我的朋友。pick out此处意为“认出来，分辨出”。,(3)(2006福建28)She_Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely. Apicked out Bmade out Cmade up Dpicked up 答案：D 题意：她在日本期间学会了日语。现在她已运用自如。pick up 表示“(偶然)得到；听到(即：通过实践学会语言， 技术等)”；例如：In that way Ill be able to pick up some theoretical knowledge too. 这样我也能学到一些理论知识。make out 表示“看透，弄懂(某人)；理解，明白(事理)；看清，听清，分清，辨认清楚(特别是在有困难的情况下)”；,例如：I cant make out what she wants. 我不明白她想要什么。 I could barely make out the traffic signs through the rain.在雨中我几乎看不清交通标志。make up表示“化妆；构成；编造故事(或谎言等)；补上(失去的东西)”；例如： The boy made up a story; it was not true.男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。 Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow。我今天下午早点走，明天补上这段时间，可以吗？,(4)(2005湖北)This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can_my father. Afind out Bpick out Clook out Dspeak out 答案：B 题意：这张照片是很久以前拍的，你能认出我的父亲吗？A项意为“发现，弄清楚”，C项意为“小心，当心”，D项意为“大声说出”。,用pick up, pick out填空。 (5)Can you_ _your brother in this crowd? (6)Shall I_you_at the station? (7)She_ _the shoes that match the dress. (8)He_ _Japanese while in Japan. (9)At registration I had trouble_ _my courses. (10)I bought a shortwave radio to_ _BBC.,答案：(5)pick out (6)pick; up (7)picked out (8)picked up (9)picking out (10)pick up,3cut off 1)切掉；割掉；砍掉；剪掉 Dont cut your fingers off! 小心别切断手指头！ 2)中断，切断(联系，水电等的供应) If you dont pay your gas bill soon you may be cut off. 你若不立即付清煤气费，就要停止向你供气。 3)cut sb./sth. off(from sb./sth.)使与外界隔绝；切断的去路(或来路) She feels very cut off living in the country. 她住在乡间，感到很闭塞。,【知识拓展】 1)cut in(on sb./sth.) (1)插嘴； 打断(谈话) She kept cutting in on our conversation. 我们谈话时她老是插嘴。 (2)(机车等)抢先，超车 The lorry overtook me and then cut in(on me) 那辆卡车超越我的车后，突然插到了我前方的位置。 2)cut sth. down 砍倒 Grandpa Li cut down a tree with an axe. 李大爷用斧头把一棵树砍倒了。,3)cut sth. down(to.)