版2019版高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷4Unit4Earthquakes新人教版必修1061162.doc

Unit 4 Earthquakes .阅读理解AMike Godwin is an American lawyer and author who invented “Godwins Law” in 1990 when he made the following statement：As an online discussion grows longer, a comparison involving Nazis or Hitler is very likely to be made.Godwins Law is applicable to online discussions in forums, chat rooms, and on blogs. The term has earned a place in the Oxford English Dictionary：Godwins Law: noun. A facetious aphorism(有趣的格言) maintaining that as an online debate increases in length, it becomes certain that someone will eventually compare someone or something to Adolf Hitler or the Nazis.Although _coined_ to describe an Internet phenomenon, the term is being applied to the use of “the Nazi card” in other contexts.A complaint by many forum users is that the socalled law is ending discussion. One makes a Nazi comparison and another cries, “You said Hitler, so I win！” At that point, the discussion ends. The term has created a verb, “to Godwin，” as in, “You Godwined this discussion！”The mention of Godwins Law has come to be seen as a way to end an online discussion. Here is a complaint voiced by a forum user：It seems like Godwins Law is becoming a real problem for any sort of discussion on the internet. Whenever Hitler, or Nazis, is brought up in a discussion, the discussion is then over and the poster who mentioned the subject is laughed at. This would be a problem if people mention Godwins Law when the Hitler/Nazi mention is relevant to the topic at hand.语篇导读本文为说明文，介绍了高德温法则的来历以及意义，并举例对其进行说明。1What will certainly happen according to “Godwins Law” if the online discussion is lengthened?AThe debaters will maintain their justice.BThe debaters will mention Hitler or Nazis.CThe debaters will earn a place in the forum.DThe debaters will become very sick and tired.解析 B细节理解题。根据第二段可知，当网上辩论时间变长时，参加讨论的人非常有可能会提到希特勒或者纳粹分子，故选B项。2What does the underlined word “coined” in the fifth paragraph mean probably?ABuilt. BAdapted. CClassified. DInvented.解析 D词义猜测题。根据第五段可知，Godwins Law这个词一开始是用来描述网络现象的，后来又开始用于其他情境，所以该画线词表示“创造(新词语)”，故选D项。3What is the mention of “Godwins Law” viewed as in a discussion?AA way of objection. BA way of complaint.CA way of ending it. DA way of creating words.解析 C细节理解题。 根据第六段第一句和第七段第一句以及两段中给出的具体例子可知，某讨论一旦出现这样的类比即意味着结束，故选C项。B(2018辽宁五校高三模拟)Shortness of breath has many different causes, and the treatment of it is specific for each cause.4_ There are, however, some following first aid steps you can use to treat it, at least until the ambulance arrives or youre able to get the victim to a hospital. 5_ The more energy you spend, the more oxygen you use and the more short of breath you feel. Think about a good workout at the gym. Exercise hard enough and you will feel short of breath. The cure? Take a break. Let the victim sit, stand or lie wheres the most comfortable. Therere lots of myths about how some body positions supposedly provide more airflow. Coaches regularly tell players to hold their arms above their heads to maximize chest expansion. Nursing staff assume the “tripod position” is the best position.6_ Use oxygen. This is a special case used only for people with chronic lung problems. If the victim has oxygen available, this is what its for.7_ The victim may have been told by his or her doctor that too much oxygen for too long might cause more problems. Assure the victim that sudden increases in shortness of breath are the instances in which oxygen is needed most. Treat the cause of shortness of breath.8_ Asthma patients, for example, often have multiple tools and drugs to fix sudden shortness of breath. Victims of lung infections may need to see a doctor and heart attack victims may need an ambulance.AHave the victim rest. BTake more exercise at the gym. CThe victim should use his or her oxygen as directed by a doctor. DTherere many causes of shortness of breath and many of them are treatable. EThe victim can try to avoid making use of his or her oxygen whenever possible. FEvery person is different, however, so let the victim decide what position is the most comfortable. GIn many cases, the only way to treat shortness of breath is to call 911 or take the victim to a doctor. 语篇导读本文为说明文，主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。4解析 G顺承关系。本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系，故选G项。5解析 A总分关系。根据本段中的The cure? Take a break可知，本段主要讲让患者休息这种方法，故选A项。6解析 F递进关系。根据第三段的主题句可知，此处表示每个人感觉舒服的姿势都不同，所以空处应讲让病人决定最舒服的姿势，故选F项。7解析 C递进关系。根据本段的主题句可以判断，此处指要在医生指导下使用氧气，故选C项。8解析 D顺承关系。根据空处上下文可以判断，此处表示呼吸困难有很多原因，并且其中很多都是可以治疗的，故选D项。.完形填空Sarah lived on a farm with her family. She was _1_ to learn to track, to identify each person and where they were going by the marks they left on the ground. And if her father couldnt teach her, shed teach herself. To the _2_ of her family, she borrowed all their _3_ and taught herself to recognize everyones footprints in the sand. More than once her father came outside shouting, “Sarah, bring me _4_ my boots.” Sarah developed the habit of walking around with her eyes fixed on the ground, _5_ the comings and goings of every _6_ in the place. She also developed the annoying habit of _7_ everyone. “What were you doing down at the dam, Jack? Youre not _8_ to play there.”“Did you find what you were _9_ in the garage, Auntie？” and “Who was the stranger visiting today wearing size ten boots, Mum？”After shed _10_ every pair of shoes that everyone _11_,_she turned to the farms animals. By this time _12_ her victims had to admit, _13_,_that she was good. Her best _14_ came one evening when she said the horses front foot was _15_. Her father said that the horse was _16_ fine. Sarah _17_ that its hoof(蹄) had a split. Sarahs father _18_ the horses hoof. “Youre _19_. The hoof is split. How did you know？” “You can see it in its _20_.” Sarah moved the horse away. “Look, its plain in the sand.” “If you can tell it has a split hoof from that sand, youre pretty good，” said her father. 语篇导读本文为记叙文，讲述了萨拉学习通过脚印来跟踪、识别人的技术的故事。1Adetermined BforcedCappointed Dencouraged解析 A根据下文中的And if her father couldnt teach her, shed teach herself可知，如果她的父亲不教她，她就自学；据此可以判断，她决心学习通过别人留下来的足迹跟踪、识别人的技术。be determined to do sth决心做某事，为固定搭配，故选A项。2A.expectation Bannoyance Cdisappointment Ddelight 解析 B根据下文中的More than once her father came outside shouting可知，她的父亲不止一次朝她发火；由此可以判断，她的行为给家人带来了烦恼(annoyance)。下文中的She also developed the annoying habit of也是提示，故选B项。3A.shoes Bbooks Csocks Dtools解析 A根据该句中的taught herself to recognize everyones footprints in the sand和下文中的bring me _4_ my boots可知，她借来了所有家人的鞋子(shoe)来自学识别沙地中每个人的脚印，故选A项。4A.up Boutside Cover Dback解析 D根据上文可知，萨拉借来了家人的鞋子来自学识别沙地中每个人的脚印；结合语境可以判断，此处表示“萨拉，把我的靴子拿回来(back)”，故选D项。5A.guiding Bhearing Cstudying Dpredicting解析 C根据该句中的Sarah developed the habit of walking around with her eyes fixed on the ground可知，萨拉养成了走路时眼睛盯着地面的习惯以研究(study)每个来往的人的足迹，故选C项。6A.vehicle Bperson Canimal Dseason解析 B根据第一段第二句中的to identify each person并结合上题解析可知选B项。7A.surprising Bcriticising Cquestioning Dchallenging解析 C根据下文中的几个问句可知，她养成了令人厌恶的习惯，即质询(question)每个人，故选C项。8A.prepared Binvited Cqualified Dallowed解析 D根据上文的What were you doing down at the dam, Jack可知，萨拉在质询杰克为什么在大坝上；结合语境和常识可知，人是不被允许(allow)在大坝上面玩的，故选D项。9A.calling for Blooking for Cwaiting for Dfighting for解析 B根据该句中的Did you find可知，该句句意：伯母，你在车库中找到你要寻找(look for)的东西了吗？故选B项。10A.worn Bcollected Cdestroyed Dmemorised解析 D根据该句中的she turned to the farms animals可知，在她记住(memorise)了每个人的鞋子之后，她将注意力转向了农场的动物，故选D项。11A.owned Bborrowed Ctried Dbought解析 A参见上题解析。12A.yet Beven Calso Dstill 解析 B根据该句中的her victims had to admit和that she was good可知，甚至(even)她的“受害人”也不得不承认她是优秀的，故选B项。13A.guiltily Bapprovingly Cmerrily Dunwillingly解析 D根据该句中的her victims had to admit和that she was good可以判断，她的“受害人”也不情愿地(unwillingly)承认她是优秀的，故选D项。14A.performance Btrick Cmagic Didea 解析 A根据上文中的admit, _13_, that she was good可知，她的“受害人”也承认她的识别技术很好；结合该句语境可知，她的最好表现(performance)是一个晚上她说马的前蹄受伤了，故选A项。15A.tied Blost Cinjured Dstolen 解析 C根据下文中的that its hoof(蹄) had a split可知，马的蹄部有一个裂口；据此可知，她说马的前蹄受伤(injure)了，故选C项。16A.safely Bextremely Chardly Dperfectly解析 D根据下文中的that its hoof(蹄) had a split可知，马的蹄部有一个裂口；结合该句Her father said the horse was _16_ fine可以判断，她的父亲与她的观点相反，认为马的健康状况非常(perfectly)好，故选D项。17A.doubted Bwondered Cinsisted Ddiscovered解析 C根据该句Sarah _17_ that its hoof(蹄) had a split并结合上句可知，萨拉坚持(insist)说马的蹄部有一个裂口，故选C项。18A.inspected Bsplit Ctreated Dfastened解析 A根据上句可知，萨拉坚持说马的蹄部有一个裂口，结合该句的内容可以判断，萨拉的父亲检查(inspect)了马的蹄部，故选A项。19A.lying Bjoking Cright Dcrazy解析 C根据下文的The hoof is split. How did you know可知，萨拉的父亲知道了马的前蹄确实受伤了，故该句应为：你是正确的(right)，故选C项。20A.boots Btracks Cjumps Dhoofs解析 B根据下文的Look, its plain in the sand可以判断，该句句意：你可以从马的足迹(track)看