稻米油的加工与利用

稻米油的加工与利用,姜元荣 王勇 2012.12米博会（芜湖） 丰益全球研发中心,主要内容,稻米油的市场 稻米油的生产 稻米油的功能,全球稻谷产量分布-2009,总产量: 6.8亿吨 ( 来源 FAO， 2009),稻米油在中国是潜在资源,在米糠制油利用率及综合利用方面，中国虽落后于印度和日本，但潜力大； 日本从越南、中国进口米糠毛油，稻谷产业链非常完善，除了米糠制油，还有稻壳发电，谷维素、肌醇、植酸、VE等产品，利用率趋100%。,从1999年开始，共有 4193种产品用到稻米油，其中191种产品是食用油。 ( 数据来源： GNPD，2012),稻米油在亚洲已经风靡,近十年市场出现的 产品,数据来源于GNPD，2012,191个食用油产品中，印度稻米油产品占37%。,稻米油产品按照国家分类,稻米红花调合油,日本厚生劳动省认证的 特定保健用食品油,营养成分(每14g油): 谷维素192mg（1.37%),稻米油在日本,稻米油在印度和泰国,稻米油在中国,2. 印度稻米油生产流程,蒸汽,半熟米,色泽比未蒸米糠色泽稍深,米糠毛油FFA：4-6 %,通过半蒸让米糠稳定化，同时可能让支链淀粉糊化，避免米饭互相粘连。,与中国大不同,保质期：2年,米糠稳定化,印度稻米油生产工艺,稻米油精炼,FFA：4-6%,得率： 83%,color（133.3mm）：4-5R FFA10000ppm,3.稻米油的营养价值,世界卫生组织推荐其为三大最健康油脂之一 （ 2010年世界卫生组织第113次会议） 日本中小学生指定午餐用油 （日本纤维报，2007）,谷维素： 广泛应用于镇静助眠类非处方药物，调节植物神经紊乱。 植物甾醇：FDA明确宣称其具有降低胆固醇，降低心脏病风险 VE/T3： 抗氧化功能,肪酸比例合理：0.4:1:0.9 富含三大营养成分,稻米油的营养,G.S. Seetharamaiah, et al. Atherosclerosis. 1989,78(2-3):219-223. Result: Serum TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C were significantly lower. Addition of oryzanol at 0.5% level to the diet showed a further significant decrease in serum total cholesterol. Liver lipids were also markedly lower. The cholesterol lowering ability of RBO appears to be due to oryzanol and to some other components of the unsaponifiable matter. Robert J, et al. Atherosclerosis. 1991, 88(23:133-142. Result: The content of RBO in the diet was the predominant factor influencing serum TC, LDL-C and apoB causing up to a 40% reduction in LDL-C without affecting HDL-C. RBO may be an additional vegetable oil which lowers serum cholesterol levels. Tsuji,E.11th International Symposium on Atherosclerosis,Paris,1997. Result: The increases in serum TC were significantly less. The atherogenic index was lowered. In liver lipid, TC clearly decreased with RBO.,1）降低胆固醇 (动物实验),稻米油与健康,Tsuji,E. I International Symposium on Atherosclerosis,Kyoto,2003. Result: Serum TC clearly decreased. The TC lowering effect could not be explained by only the content of -oryzanol, this is due to the interaction of unsaponifiable materials or fatty acid composition. Tae-Youl Ha, et al. Nutrition Research. 2005,25:597-606. Result: The liver TC, TG and TBARS significantly decreased by bioactive components from rice bran oil(BRBO). Serum HDL-C significantly increased. BRBO may play a protective role against the alteration caused by hypercholesterolemic diet in the rat. Ausman LM, et al. J of Nutrition Biochemistry. 2005, 16:521-529. Result: Plasma TC and LDL-C were significant reduced. The lipid lowering is associated with decreased cholesterol absorption. Wilson TA, et al. J Nutr Biochem. 2007, 18(2):105-12. Result: Plasma TC, VLDL, LDL and TG significantly decreased and HDL increased. Possibly through a greater extent to increase fecal excretion of cholesterol and its metabolites.,1）降低胆固醇 (动物实验),Alvin Berger, et al. Eur J Nutr. 2005, 44:163-173. Result: Low and high -oryzanol containning RBO lowered plasma TC, LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. RBO supplementation at ca.50% total fat intake improved lipoprotein pattern in mildly hypercholesterolemic men. Rebecca Kuriyan, et al. The National Medical Journal of India. 2005, 18(6):292-296. Result: The use of RBO as the main cooking oil significantly reduced serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Devarajan Sankar ,et al, Blends of sesame and rice bran oils lowered blood pressure and lipids in mild to moderate hypertensive patients,2012 Total, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides levels were significantly reduced while HDL-cholesterol levels increased by oils blend alone (18%, 26%, 12.6% and 9.5%, respectively) after 60 days.,2）降低胆固醇 (临床实验),降血糖 Siddiqui S, et al. Chem Biol Interact. 2010,188(3):651-8. Result: Significantly improved the glycemic status and renal function in type 1 diabetic rats. 调节免疫 Sierra S, et al. Eur J Nutr. 2005,44(8):509-16. Result: RBO-enriched diets could be useful in situations where a potentiation of the immune response was required. The fatty acids composition might be responsible for this effect. 抗癌 Chun-Kuang Shih.et al. Food Chemistry. 2011, 126(2):562567. Result: Significantly reduced colon tumour formation. The hepatic antioxidant status was superior which might contribute to the potential of RBO with respect to delaying colon carcinogenesis.,3）. 其他功能,3）其他功能 稻米油改善睡眠，缓解疲劳,调查主题: 白领网民的生理、心理健康调查 调查方法: MSN中文网联合艾瑞iClick网络社区进行大规模网络在线调查。 调查时间: 2009年05月20日-06月22日 样本数量: 共17162份有效问卷，调查最大误差为3.26%，置信度为95%。 调查对象: 全国各级城市的网民，细分为普通网民、白领网民，年龄：20岁-40岁,中国白领健康调查研究报告,iResearch Consulting GroupMay-2009,背景：,结论一、仅有22.8%的白领对自己目前的健康情况表示满意,接近8成白领用户对于自己目前的健康情况不满意或感觉一般，这与白领一族高强度，高速率，高压力的工作环境有着紧密的联系； 仅有3.1%的白领对于目前的健康情况表示非常满意对自身健康持乐观态度，这一比例人堪忧。,结论二、运动系统、消化系统、神经系统疾病是困扰白领的三大健康杀手,38.0%的白领患有颈椎、腰椎、骨质增生等运动系统疾病，这是由于多数白领 长期伏案工作，加班严重，工作压力过大，且运动量不足造成的； 肠胃、肝脏等消化系统问题是白领中第二大健康问题，有32.2%的白领存在此 问题； 由于长期生活在压力中，失眠等神经系统问题也困扰着广大白领，比例达到 22.1%。,稻米油改善PSD小鼠睡眠的功能学实验,60只B ALB/c小鼠随机分为5组,对照组，大豆油,PSD模型组，大豆油,改善睡眠功能学实验 自主活动的测定,低剂量组，含3000pp