宾语从句讲解课件

第四节 宾语从句,师生互动 自主发现 体验语法学习之乐趣,1）What are the strongest days of the week? Saturday and Sundayall the other days are weak(week) days. 2) Why is the letter “R” like Christmas Because it comes at the end of December. 3) What time is it when a pie is divided among four friends? A quarter to one.,Noun Clause: Functions as a NOUN in a sentence.,Question: What is the function of a noun in a sentence? 名词在句中可以充当什么成分?,什么叫名词性从句？,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses） 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,名词性从句 noun clause,主语从句 subject clause,宾语从句 object clause,表语从句 predicative clause,同位语从句 appositive clause,What kind of clauses are they?,1. What the driver of the yellow car did made me extremely angry. 2.Why she did this is still unknown. 3.Its hard to forget what we have learned in his classes. 4.Please dont tell my mother when Ill give her my gift.,宾语从句：1.从句在复合句中充当宾语成分通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词后 连词：that, whether，if （ that 常可省略） who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how 1). They know that the habit will kill them. 2).It all depends on whether they will support us . 3) I am afraid that he didnt call me . 4).He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job . 5).I find it necessary that we should do the homework.,宾语从句,1.必须由 a conjunction（连词） (that, whether, if, what) 来引导宾语从句. 2.从句必须为连词加陈述句的语序. 3.从句的时态必须和主句保持一致。,注意：,He asked,Why are you so happy ?,Why you were so happy ?,Am I taller than you?,if/whether,He asked,He taller than them.,was,1. Tom said. He is reading a book. 2. He asks me. Are they playing a game? 3. Where is the hospital? He told me. 4.Who bought the pen? He wondered. ,Tom said that he was reading a book.,He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.,He told me Where the Hospital was.,He wondered who bought the pen.,注意：特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。如：,Who can answer the question？The teacher asked The teacher asked who could answer the question Whats wrong? What s the matter? Whats happening? What happened? Eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell who is over there?,Exercise,1. The radio says it _cloudy tomorrow. (be) 2. The headmaster hopes everything _well. (go) 3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six o clock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they _ (return) it already.,will be,goes,were playing,have returned,5. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) 6. He asked what they _ at eight last night. （do) 7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) 8. I think you _ about the relay race now. （talk) 9. I didnt know whom the letters _from. (be),had been,were doing,travels,are talking,were,1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing.,whether/if,whether,whether,用if 或whether 填空,1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句 a.当whether后紧跟or not时,不用if. eg: I dont know whether or not he will come. 注意：如果or not放在whether所引导的从句句尾，则可以用if来替换。 I dont know whether/if he will come or not. b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. eg: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.,2.注意whether和if的使用区别,c.在强调任意选择时,用whetheror,此时不用if替换whether。 He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus. 他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。 注：whether和or一起还有“不管”之意,引导让步状语从句。 Whether he drives or takes the train, he will be here on time. 不管开车来还是乘火车来，他都会准时到。,d. 虽引导宾语从句，但为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句放在句首，此时只用whether不用if。 Whether he will come I am not sure. e. 句子中有if引导的条件句，如再有表示“是否”的宾语从句，用whether不用if。 He asked me whether Id move to New York if I got the job. f. 容易产生歧义时用whether不用if来表示“是否”。 Please let me know if you need help. 如果你需要帮助请告诉我。或：请告诉我你是否需要帮助。对比：Please let me know whether you need help.请告诉我你是否需要帮助。 g. 如果宾语从句为否定句时，则只用if不用whether。 I dont know if it wont rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是不是会下雨。,2).引导主语从句置于句首时，只能用whether Eg. Whether he comes or not makes no difference. 3). Whether可以引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可以 4).用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。 I dont know whether to go there at once. 我不知道是不是该立刻去那里。,2).that在宾语从句中的省略与保留 a.在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that 从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略. eg: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. b.由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that 不省略. eg: He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time. c.当that作介词except, in等宾语时 They believe in that she must still be single. I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing.,3. 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。,Eg. I dont think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 I dont think you are right. 我认为你是错的。 I dont believe you will finish the work today. 我认为你今天无法完成工作。,4. 连词+宾语从句 连词+to do,I dont know what I shall do next . I dont know what to do next . She didnt decide which one she would choose . She didnt decide which one to choose . Please tell me whom youll give the letter to . Please tell me whom to give the letter to .,根据汉语提示，完成句子。,1.He says_ _.(他说他爸爸三天后回来) 2.Our teacher asks _ _.(昨天谁打碎了玻璃) 3.Please tell me_ _.(他们正在谈论什么),that his father will be back,in three days,who broke the,window yesterday,what they are,talking about,Difficulties,1.that/what That在名词性从句中不充当从句任何成分，但在定语从句中作主语、宾语。 what在名词性从句中充当主语、宾语。 Eg, That he came late made the teacher angry. What he said was true. The book（ that ）he gave me is red.,2.Who/whoever/no matter who,Who引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义 Whoever不含有疑问意义=anyone who No matter who只能引导让步状语从句 Eg. Whoever broke the window should be punished. Whoever/no matter who broke the window, he should be punished. Who broke the window is still a question.,1.The question is _ the film is worth seeing Aif Bwhat Cwhether Dhow 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what Bwhat that Cthat Dwhether 3.They received orders _ the work be done at once Awhich Bwhen C Dthat 4.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant remember _. Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 5.Energy is _ makes things work Awhat Beverything Csomething Danything,巩固练习,6.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed A. why ; why B. why ; because C. why ; that D. that ; because 7.He doesnt think the question of _ they are men or women is important A. whether B. if C. which D. why 8.He often thinks of _ he can do more for his country A. what B. how C. that D. which 9.It was ordered that all the soldiers _ to the front A. should send B. must be sent C. should be sent D. must go 10.Air is to us _ water is to fish A. is that B. what C. which D. that,11. The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. if D. whether 12. We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 13. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 14. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,15. I wonder _ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 16. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 17. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 18. I dont know _ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether,B,A,B,D,19. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how could I get to the station D. how I can reach the station 20. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 21. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,22. Could you tell me where we _ next week . A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go 23. Could you tell