2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Alandofdiversity讲义新人教版选修8.docx

Unit 1A land of diversity一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1strait n海峡2Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的3the Arctic 北极4ministry n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责5federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的 第二屏听写6nephew n 侄子；外甥7aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机8vice n&adj. 代理；副职9shave vt.&vi. 刮；剃10tram n. (有轨)电车11bakery n. 面包房；面包厂 第三屏听写12ferry n渡船；渡口vt. 摆渡；渡运13seagull n. 海鸥14cattle n. 牛(总称)15mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛16authority n. 权威；权力(pl.) 当局；官方 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写1distinctadj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的2distinction_ n. 差别；区分；卓著3immigrantn. (从外国移入的)移民4immigratevi. 移入(外国定居)5immigrationn. 移民；移居入境6means_ n. 手段；方法7majority_ n. 大多数；大半 第五屏听写8despiteprep.尽管；不管9hardshipn. 苦难；困苦10electvt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人11boomn. (人口、贸易的)繁荣vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期12racialadj. 人种的；种族的13crossingn. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道 第六屏听写14railn 铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条15percentagen. 百分比；百分率16polen. 地极；电极；磁极17applicantn. 申请人18customsn. 海关；关税；进口税19socialistn. 社会主义者；社会党人adj. 社会主义者的 第七屏听写20socialismn社会主义21occurvi. 发生；出现22indicatevt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示23luggagen. 行李(美baggage)24apparentadj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的25apparentlyadv. 显然地；显而易见地26braken. 闸；刹车；制动器vi.&vt. 刹(车)；用制动器减速 第八屏听写27conductorn(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥28slipvi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤n. 滑动；滑倒29hirevt.&n. 租用；雇用30fascinatingadj. 迷人的；吸引人的31anglen. 角；角度32nowhereadv. 无处；到处都无 第九屏听写33punishmentn 处罚；惩罚34justicen. 正义；公平35civiladj. 公民的；国内的；民间的36reformvt.&vi. 改革；革新n. 改革；改造；改良37graspvt.&n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会38thoughtfuladj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的 第十屏听写39insertvt.插入；嵌入40thankfuladj. 感激的；感谢的41a_great/good_many许多；很多42keep_up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)43live_on继续存在；继续生存44by_means_of_.用办法；借助 第十一屏听写45make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等46back_to_back背靠背47apply_for申请；请示得到48mark_out用线画出范围；标出界线49take_in包括；吸收50team_up_with与合作或一起工作 二、单元核心考点初热身提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 (一)分类识记单词用时少功效高识记单词写对.知其意(英译汉)1.strait n海峡2.authority n. 权威；权力(pl.) 当局；官方3.shave vt.&vi. 刮；剃4.vice n&adj. 代理；副职5.federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的6.aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机7.nephew n. 侄子；外甥8.tram n. (有轨)电车9.cattle n. 牛(总称)10.bakery n. 面包房；面包厂11.ferry n&v. 渡船；渡口；摆渡；渡运12.seagull n海鸥13.mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛.写其形(汉译英)1.railn. 铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条2.hardshipn. 苦难；困苦3.luggagen. 行李(美baggage)4.braken. 闸；刹车；制动器vi.&vt. 刹(车)；用制动器减速5.insertvt. 插入；嵌入6.civiladj. 公民的；国内的；民间的7.polen. 地极；电极；磁极8.fascinatingadj. 迷人的；吸引人的9.justicen. 正义；公平核心单词练通1.In the mean time, mobile online shopping market was booming_(繁荣) in China, with an annual growth rate of 63.5%.2Its thoughtful (体贴的) of Suzy to plan everything well before we set off.3.I was really upset to find that such a thing should have occurred_(发生) in your shop.4.As hiring (雇佣) has became more global, both for employers and candidates, video interviewing is a way to speed up the interview process.5.Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere_(无处) else in the world can you find more attractive scenery than in Switzerland.6.We have never doubted of the success of our reform (改革)7.Whenever it is, we should keep a thankful (感激的) heart towards everything existed.8.Despite_(尽管) his frequent absence, Bruce managed to keep up with his studies.9.Grasp (抓住) the main idea of the text, and you will be able to answer the question.拓展单词用活记全记牢1.distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的distinctionn差别；区分；卓著2.immigrate vi.移入(外国定居)immigrantn(从外国移入的)移民immigrationn移民；移居入境3.means n手段；方法mean_v意思是；意味着adj.吝啬的；卑鄙的meaningn意思4.majority n大多数；大半majoradj.主要的 vi.主修 n专业minorityn少数5.elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人electionn选举6.conductor n(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥conductv管理7.punishment n处罚；惩罚punishv处罚；惩罚8.crossing n横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道crossn十字；交叉 adj.交叉的；生气的 v使交叉；横过acrossprep.在的对面(过)；朝；向9.applicant n申请人applyvi.申请applicationn申请书；申请10.customs n海关；关税；进口税 customern顾客11.socialist n社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的_societyn社会socialadj.社会的socialismn社会主义12.indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示indicationn迹象；标示indicatorn指示器；指示信号13.apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的apparentlyadv.显然地；显而易见地用准用活1.Though he failed many times in election,_he never lost heart and at last he was elected President of the USA. (elect)2.He_indicated_that an indicator should give me some indications of how I did in the test.(indicate)3.What is the meaning of the sign on the bottle？ It_means “this side up”(mean)4.Apparently,_she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent)5.All the applicants can apply_in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply)6.One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major_in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority)7.“Walk across this street and turn left at the first crossing.” the boy told the lady.(cross)8.If a customer wants to bring the goods he buys abroad back to inland, he has to pay some customs when he passes through the Customs.(custom)9.Some socialists_believe that socialism will over time turn into what they see as a more advanced system with no state.(society)1. 单复数意义不同的名词小结custom (风俗)customs (海关)manner (方式)manners (礼貌)paper (纸)papers (文件)art (艺术)arts (文科)arm (手臂)arms (武器)brain (脑袋)brains (脑力)work (工作)works (作品)short (短的)shorts (短裤)2.带后缀ing的名词集锦crossing十字路口training 训练feeling 感觉wedding 婚礼marketing 促销spending 花销engineering 工程wellbeing 幸福3.后缀“or”表示“人”的高频名词conductor售票员；列车员administrator 管理者；行政人员director 导演；主管educator 教育工作者editor 编辑inventor 发明家；发明者operator 操作员；接线员translator 翻译家；译者(二)语段串记短语不枯燥兴趣高先 写 对再 用 准第一组1.keep_up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)2.live_on 继续存在；继续生存3.make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4.by_means_of 用办法；借助5.occur_to_sb. 某人突然想到6.a_great/good_many 许多；很多In the history, the Chinese immigration into California dates back to the 1850s. A_great/good_many Chinese went to California by_means_of ship for money or jobs. After their arrival, they had to make_a_life there, for which some people suffered a lot, and others kept_up their Chinese customs to live_on.第二组1.take_in包括；吸收；欺骗；理解2.apply_for 申请；请示得到3.mark_out 用线画出范围；标出界线4.back_to_back 背靠背5.team_up_with 与合作或一起工作6.the_majority_of 大多数In the later years, the_majority_of immigrants from China teamed_up_with the local Americans to build their new homes. The hardworking Chinese immigrants gradually took_in American English to apply_for jobs. They did really make a great contribution to the development of America.1.“v.out”结构短语荟萃mark out标出界线turn out 结果是make out 理解；辨认出work out 锻炼cut out 删去come out 出版；开花2.“v.in”结构短语聚焦break in强行闯入give in 屈服；投降turn in 上交take in 吸收；欺骗succeed in 在取得成功engage in 从事；参加；忙于3.“名词to名词”短语一览heart to heart心连心地back to back 背靠背face to face 面对面地mouth to mouth 口对口地knee to knee 促膝地shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地(三)仿写用活句式造佳句表达高背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而，可能至少在15 000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。it is likely that .“有可能”。有可能我们的父母能更好地理解我们并给我们一些合理的建议。It_is_likely_that our parents can understand us better and give us some reasonable advice.2.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。That is why .“那就是的原因”。他没理解这个问题，那就是他的回答没有切中要害的原因。He didnt understand the question.Thats_why_his_answer_was_not to the point.3.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显的、主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。Itbe过去分词that从句。人们认为不吃早饭的青少年不仅容易在课堂上睡觉而且也不能专心听课，这自然会导致他们在考试中的成绩不好。It_is_believed_that_teenagers_without_having_breakfast_will_not_only_fall_asleep_easily_in_class,_but concentrate less on lessons, which of course results in their bad performance in exam.考点新组合阅读微技能Immigrate to CaliforniaCalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. The majority of its population is white people. Besides, the immigrants coming from Asia by means of sea are the second largest group. Many immigrants were taken in， its believed that they will have the right to be elected _ administrators in the future.1.处“the majority of不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。2把处的句子改写成with复合结构：With_many_immigrants_taken_in。3处应填入的介词是as。1majority n大多数；大半 (1)a/the majority of .大多数in the/a majority 占多数(2)major n. 专业vi. 主修adj. 主要的major in 主修；以为专业(3)minority n. 少数 in the/a minority 占少数多角练透单句语法填空A majority of Africans are (be) forced to work for the Europeans.The majority of the land has_been_destroyed (destroy) so far.I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major in the gardening after attending college.补全句子The white are in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人占少数。名师指津the majority of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数，若集合名词考虑个体，则谓语动词用复数。2elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人(1)elect sb.(as/to be)职位be elected (as/to be)职位选举某人为(职位前无冠词)(2)elect to do sth. 选择做某事(3)election n. 选举题点全练单句语法填空She was elected as new Prime Minister last year.If I am lucky enough to win the election (elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students afterclass activities.It is said that only two students will be elected to_take (take) part in the coming English contest.3by means of通过；用办法；借助by this means用这种方法by all means 当然可以；没问题by no means 决不；一点也不(放句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)多角练透单句语法填空Students can build up their vocabularies by means of reading more.Only by this means is (be) it possible to persuade him out of smoking.补全句子Without knowledge, by no means can_we_achieve_our_life_goal.没有知识，我们决不会实现我们的人生目标。4. take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留一词多义写出下列句中take in的含义The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night.收留While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge.吸收The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.欺骗Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解归纳拓展take off脱去(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；成功take on 呈现；雇用；承担take up 拿起；着手处理；占据(时间、空间等)take over 接收；接管；接任Our factory will take_on twenty more workers next month to increase output.为了增加产量，我们厂下个月将再雇用20名工人。考点新组合阅读微技能Immigrate to California To immigrate to California, one must apply _ the legal immigration. But, it needs a lot of money and other strict conditions. Thats why there are so many illegal immigrants to California every year. Most of illegal immigrants desire to be hired as a paid hand in California, so that they will make a life there. However, the local governors never like to see it occur again, because they dont like to be influenced by too many illegal immigrants.1.处应填的词是 for。2处why引导的是表语从句。3. Why do so many illegal immigrants come to California every year？(D)ABecause they dont have any awareness of law.BBecause they are called on to do that.CBecause they like to be hired as a paid hand in California.DBecause they have little money and dont meet some conditions.5occur vi.发生；出现sth. occurs to sb.某人突然想起某事It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that .某人突然想起It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事多角练透单句语法填空A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.句型转换It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.It occurred to me to_go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.6make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生(1)make/earn a/ones living谋生(2)live/lead a .life 过着生活come (back) to life 苏醒；变得活跃； 恢复生气bring .back to life 使苏醒过来；给活力多角练透单句语法填空She had to look for parttime babysitting jobs these years to_make (make) a living.同义替换Happy is the man who can make a living (make_a_life) by his hobby.以爱好谋生的人是幸福的。补全句子When Alice came_to_life,_she did not know how long she had been lying there.当爱丽丝苏醒时，她不知道她已经在那儿躺了多久。7This/That is why .“这/那就是的原因”That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。this/that is because .这/那是因为this is the reason why . 这就是的原因the reason why .is that . 的原因是(why引导定语从句)the reason that . is . 的原因是(that引导同位语从句)Thats why more and more people in China are interested in learning English.那就是越来越多的中国人对学英语感兴趣的原因。This is because_plants can make food from air, water and sunlight.这是因为植物可以用空气、水和阳光来制造食物。The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up.他取得那么大的成功的原因是他从不放弃。单元语基落实.单句语法填空1When it comes to education, the/a majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.2She became the first black woman to_be_elected (elect) to the Senate.3It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.4With the tourist trade booming (boom), the residents of this area are paying more attention to the protection of nature.5The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many applicants (apply)6The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class rang, which interrupted our heated discussion.7Apparently (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening.8(201811月浙江高考写作)I guess my wallet must have_slipped(slip) out of my pocket during the flight.9Furthermore, punishment(punish) is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.10Great changes have taken place since our country reformed (reform) and opened to the outside world 40 years ago.选词填空take in， by means of， mark out， keep up， team up with， make a life， a great many， occur to1The site of the new chemical fertilizer plant has been marked_out.2It_occurs_to me that my friend Tom has a similar experience.3By_means_of the Internet, we can keep in touch by sending emails.4John preferred to go into business alone rather than team_up_with anyone else.5It is honorable to make_a_life with your hands while depending on others is a shame.6After seeing a_great_many homeless people in the streets, I thought I should do something for them.7He tended to work through his lunch hour in an effort to keep_up with his work.8Its said that nonsmokers who take_in the air polluted by tobacco smoke suffer more than the smokers themselves.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1运动会有可能推迟到下周举行。(be likely that .)It_is_likely_that the sports meet will be put off till next week.2他从不放弃学习英语，那就是他最后成功的原因。(why引导的表语从句)He never gave up learning English. That_was_why_he_was_successful at last.3人们认为没有什么人能够在这样的环境中生存下来。(it作形式主语的主语从句)It_is_believed_that_no_human_can_survive in the situation like that.4科学家们最终到达了所谓的北极。(what引导的宾语从句)The scientists finally arrived in what_was_called_the_North_Pole. 5与整个地球相比，最大的海洋似乎一点也不大。(过去分词作状语)Compared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.句型转换1Bill is addicted to computer games, and that is the reason why he has to drop out of school.Bill has to drop out of school. That_is_because he is addicted to computer games.2My mother is likely to come to Hangzhou this month.It_is_likely_that my mother will come to Hangzhou this month.3After Tom had been punished by his teacher, he was in a very bad mood.Having_been_punished_by_his_teacher,_he was in a very bad mood.4Generally, the old tend to be cheated by cheaters nowadays.Generally, the old tend to be_taken_in by cheaters nowadays.5Only in this way can we learn English well.Only by_this_means can we learn English well.高考拆组训练练(一)语言运用组块专练练准度(限时：25分钟).完形填空On June 23, 1970, I had just left the Army after completing my oneyear duty in Vietnam. I was on _1_returning home in Texas. I had been warned about the _2_of our fellow countrymen. There was no _3_ welcome for us when we came home from that unpopular war.I sat, in uniform, in a window seat，_4_eye contact with my fellow passengers. No one was sitting next to me, which added to my _5_. A little girl suddenly appeared in the passage. She _6_ and, without saying a word，_7_handed me a magazine. I accepted her _8_， her quiet “welcome home.” All I could say was, “Thank you.” Her small gesture of _9_was the first I had experienced in a long time.I always believe in the connection between _10_ when they reach out to one another.That girl _11_ has no memory of what happened years ago. She might have been told to do that by her mother. It doesnt _12_ why she gave me the magazine. The _13_ thing is what she did.Since then, I have followed her example and tried in different ways for different people, to do the _14_ for them. Like me on that plane ride long ago, they will _15_ know why a stranger gave a hand. But I absolutely know that my _16_ since then are all because of that little girl.