2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit5Meetingyourancestors讲义新人教版选修8.docx

Unit 5Meeting your ancestors一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1excavate vt. 挖掘；发掘2mat n. 席子；垫子3quilt n. 被子；棉被4beast n. 野兽5onion n. 洋葱6skateboard n. 滑板7yogurt n. 酸乳酪；酸奶 第二屏听写8melon n (各种)瓜9wrinkle n. 皱纹10spear n. 矛；枪11eyebrow n. 眉毛12arrowhead n. 箭头13hammer n. 铁锤；锤子14craftsmanship n. 技艺；手艺；精工细作15punctuation n. 标点符号 .高频词汇(汉译英)第三屏听写1identifyvt. 确认；识别；鉴别2alternativen. 可能的选择adj. 供选择的；其他的3archaeologyn. 考古学(美archeology)4archaeologicaladj. 考古学的；与考古学有关的(美archeological)5archaeologistn. 考古学家(美archeologist) 第四屏听写6starvationn 挨饿；饿死7tentativeadj. 试探性的；不确定的8accuracyn. 精确；准确9interruptvt.&vi. 打断讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止10acuteadj. 有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的11assumevt.假定；设想12regardlessadv. 不管；不顾 第五屏听写13centimetren厘米(美centimeter)14sharpenvi.&vt. (使)锋利；尖锐；清晰15sharpenern. 磨具；削具16kindergartenn. 幼儿园17ampleadj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的18messyadj. 凌乱的；脏的19primitiveadj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的20seashelln. 海贝壳 第六屏听写21categoryn种类；类别；范畴22botanyn. 植物学23botanicaladj. 植物学的；与植物学有关的24analysisn(pl.analyses) 分析25ripenvt.&vi. 使成熟；成熟 第七屏听写26significancen意义；意思；重要性；重要意义27somehowadv. 以方式；不知怎么地28systematicadj. 有系统的；有计划的；有条理的29spitvt. 吐出(唾液、食物等)vi. 吐痰30deletevt. 删；删除31albumn. 相册；集邮册；唱片 第八屏听写32scratchn(刮、抓、划的)痕迹；搔；挠vt. 搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏33academy_ n. 学院；学会；学术团体；院校34receptionist_ n. 接待员；招待员35radioactiveadj. 放射性的；有辐射能的36radioactivityn. 放射性37divisionn. 分割；划分；分配；分界线 第九屏听写38pulsevi.强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动n. 脉搏；节拍39applaudvi.&vt. 鼓掌欢迎；赞赏40howlvt.&vi. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫n. 长嚎；嗥叫41acceleratevi.&vt. 加速；促进 第十屏听写42arrestvt.逮捕；吸引n. 逮捕；拘留43dizzyadj. 头晕目眩的；眩晕的；使人发晕或困惑的44worshipvt.&vi. 崇拜；敬奉n. 崇拜；敬神45skilfuladj. 有技巧的；熟练的(美skillful) 第十一屏听写46regardless_of_不管；不顾47at_most至多；最多48cut_up切碎49fed_up_with受够了；饱受；厌烦50look_ahead向前看；为将来打算51date_back_(to_.)追溯到；始于 二、单元核心考点初热身提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词用时少功效高识记单词写对.知其意(英译汉)1.mat n席子；垫子2.beast n. 野兽3.quilt n. 被子；棉被4.onion n. 洋葱5.skateboard n. 滑板6.yogurt n. 酸奶；酸乳酪7.melon n. (各种)瓜8.wrinkle n. 皱纹9.spear n. 矛；枪10.eyebrow n. 眉毛11.arrowhead n. 箭头12.excavate vt. 挖掘；发掘13.hammer n. 铁锤；锤子14.punctuation n. 标点符号.写其形(汉译英)1.tentativeadj. 试探性的；不确定的2.centimetren. 厘米(美centimeter)3.albumn. 相册；集邮册；唱片4.kindergartenn. 幼儿园5.dizzyadj. 眩晕的；头晕目眩的； 使人发晕或困惑的6._howlvt.&vi. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫n. 长嚎；嗥叫7.seashelln 海贝壳8.pulse_ vi. 强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动n. 脉搏；节拍9.categoryn. 种类；类别；范畴10.primitiveadj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的11.worshipvt.&vi. 崇拜；敬奉n. 崇拜；敬神12.scratchn. (刮、抓、划的) 痕迹；搔；挠vt. 搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏核心单词练通1.The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative(可能的选择) to communicate with others.2.During the summer vacation, I practiced dancing hard with others regardless (不顾) of the hot weather.3.In addition, WeChat is a wonderful platform for people to share a(n) ample (丰富的) amount of information.4.As we all know, most of us middle school students feel somehow (不知怎么地) nervous whenever were taking an important exam.5.Whats worse, they spat/spit (吐痰) and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.6.Delete (删除) the things that you dont really need, so you can save a lot of resources.7.He was arrested (逮捕) for spreading rumors on the Internet.8.My grandma still has very_acute_(敏锐的) hearing, though she is eighty.拓展单词用活记全记牢1.identify vt.确认；识别；鉴别identificationn辨认；鉴定identityn身份；一致；同一性2.starvation n挨饿；饿死starvevi.(使)挨饿；饿死3.accuracy n精确；准确accurateadj.准确的；精确的accuratelyadv.准确地；精确地4.interrupt vt.&vi.打断讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止interruptionn打断；打岔；中止5.assume vt.假定；设想assumingconj.假设assumptionn设想；假定；担任6.sharpen v(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰；削尖sharpadj.锋利的sharpenern磨具；削具；铅笔刀7.messy adj.凌乱的；脏的messn凌乱；脏8.analysis n分析analyses (pl.)analysevt.分析9.ripen v使成熟；成熟ripeadj.成熟的10.significance n意义；意思；重要性；重要意义significantadj.重要的11.systematic adj.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的systemn系统；制度12.academy n学院；学会；学术团体；院校academicadj.学术的；理论的13.receptionist n接待员；招待员receivev接收receptionn接待；接收 14.division n划分；分割；分配；分界线dividev分开；分割；划分15.applaud vi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏applausen鼓掌16.accelerate v加速；促进accelerationn加速度17.skilful adj.有技巧的；熟练的skilledadj.熟练的；有技能的skilln技能；技巧用准用活1.After the identification of victims appearance and age, the police identified that the identity of the killer. (identify)2.While calculating the maths problem, you should pay more attention to the accuracy of the numbers, or you cant figure it out accurately. (accurate)3.If you interrupt others conversation abruptly, you will be to blame for your interruption. (interrupt)4.Assuming that you are the guide of the foreigners who are to visit our school, how would you prepare for your assumption as the guide? (assume) 5.The boy needs a pencil sharpener to sharpen his pencil, because the sharpener he has isnt sharp.(sharpen) 6.The kid made a mess in the living room, so his mother asked him to clean the messy out living room quickly. (mess)7.With the teachers help, I analysed the data of this experiment. The teacher considered my analysis is reasonable. (analyse)8.The scientists think his invention is of great significance,_because it is significant to cure the patients of deadly disease.(significant)9.The famous professor made an inspiring academic speech in the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. (academy)10.The candies were divided_out among all the kids, but they could not agree upon the division of them.(divide)11.President Xi was received by the Prime Minister of England and was given a warm reception.(receive)12.The audience warmly applauded when the performance came to an end, and the applause lasted for several minutes. (applaud)1.v.ing形式的介词小结assuming假设；假定considering 鉴于；考虑到including 包含；包括supposing 假设；假如providing 假设；如果concerning 关于2“快乐；高兴”一起来gay快乐的；欢快的happy 高兴的；快乐的joyful 高兴的；快乐的cheerful 高兴的；快乐的pleased 高兴的；欢喜的delighted 高兴的；欣喜的3.后缀en构成的动词集锦sharpsharpen磨快；使敏捷riperipen 使成熟shortshorten 变短；缩短widewiden (使)变宽deepdeepen (使)变深strongstrengthen 加强 (二)语段串记短语不枯燥兴趣高先 写 对再 用 准第一组1.at_most至多；最多2.be_aware_of 知道；意识到3.regardless_of 不管；不顾4.date_back_(to_.) 追溯到；始于5.keep_out 关在门外；不准入内Last Sunday, our class visited the history museum in our city regardless_of the hot weather. In the museum, we saw an old stone which was said to be a scraper used by our ancestors. The stone scraper dates_back_to the Xia Dynasty. When we were told its use, we were_aware_of our ancestors wisdom.第二组1.cut_up切碎2.look_ahead 向前看；为将来打算3.scare_away 把吓跑4.fed_up_with 受够了；饱受；厌烦5.with/in_relief 轻松地；如释重负地The announcer also explained that the stone scraper could be used to cup_up the meat. Besides, our ancestors had learned to scare the beasts away.However, they were fed_up_with their life, so they had to look_ahead.1.无被动语态的动词短语聚焦date from/back to追溯到belong to属于consist of 由组成 come true 变成现实take place 发生 break out 爆发2.“at名词或代词”短语荟萃at most至多；最多at least至少at present 目前；现在 at first 起初at work 在工作 at ease 自由自在地(三)仿写用活句式造佳句表达高背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. 是的，很对。正如植物学的分析结果已经告诉我们的，这儿四周曾是一个很大浅水湖的一部分。as引导的非限制性定语从句。正如古训所说，“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。” “You cant judge a book by its cover，”as_the_old_saying_goes.2.If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year！她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！if only . “要是就好了”。今年春节全家能团圆就好了！If_only_the_whole_family_could_be_united_during the Spring Festival this year！3.Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna. 她突然坐了下来，结果被又笑又叫的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。only to do sth.作结果状语，表示意料不到的情况。他匆匆忙忙地赶往教室，结果被告知考试已经结束了。He hurried to the classroom only_to_be_told that the exam had been over.考点新组合阅读微技能Protecting the old templeThere is an old temple in my hometown, _dates back to Tang Dynasty. The temple is _ great significance to the study of the Buddhism of that period. We have no alternative but to protect it regardless of what happens. Anyone who tries to damage it will be punished or even put into prison.1.处应填的词是which。2.处应填入的词为of。3.Why we must protect the old temple？(C)A.Because it dates back to Tang Dynasty.B.Because it is the oldest in my hometown.C.Because it is important to the study of Buddhism.D.Because someone wants to damage it.1significance n意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 (1)be of significance to . 对有重要意义attach significance to . 认为重要(to为介词)(2)significant adj. 重要的；明显的It is significant that . 很明显题点全练单句语法填空In my view, practicing handwriting is of great significance (significant) to the students growth.As time goes by, I attach more great significance to doing (do) what I am doing now.It is significant that nowadays fiber is still considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.2alternative adj.供选择的；其他的n.可能的选择；选择对象an alternative to 的替代物(to是介词)have the alternative of A or B 要么做A，要么做B；在A或B二者中选一个have no alternative (choice/option) but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事there is no alternative 别无选择多角练透单句语法填空In fact, chatting should not be an alternative to getting (get) to know the family.It was so serious a matter that I had no alternative but to_call (call) the police.补全句子You have_the_alternative_of_speaking_or keeping quiet.你要么发言，要么保持沉默。3date back to追溯到；始于date from 追溯到；始于；起源于out of date 过时的up to date (with .) 赶上(的)潮流；与保持同步；最新的多角练透单句语法填空The old town has a long history dating (date) back to the late seventeenth century. Dating (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun city.Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up to_date with modern technology.补全句子The news you told me was out_of_date but you thought it was up_to_date.你告诉我的新闻是过时的，但你却认为是最新的。名师指津date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。4regardless of不管；不顾 (1)regardless of从句强调不认为重要，从而不加以重视或考虑(2)despitein spite of 尽管；不管；虽然(后常接名词，不接从句)(3)with regard to 关于；至于多角练透单句语法填空She is determined to do it regardless of all consequences.Dr. Bethune continued working in spite of cutting (cut) his hand during an operation.补全句子With_regard_to my favorite Chinese poet, Id like to introduce Du Fu to you.至于我最喜欢的中国诗人，我想向你介绍杜甫。考点新组合阅读微技能Protecting the old templeIt is assumed _ the old temple was in connection with the woman emperor Wu Zetian, who contributed a lot to the Buddhism. It was said that she didnt allow anyone to interrupt her piety and devotion to Buddhism. You see, if only she _(know) our respect and protection for the temple and Buddhism today！1.处应填 that。2.处应填词的正确形式为 knew。3.What was Wu Zetians attitude towards Buddhism？(B)A.Ignorant.BDevoted.C.Negative. DUnknown.5assume vt.假定；设想 (1)assume . to be . 假定/假设是It is assumed that . 一般认为(2)assumption n. 假定；设想；担任make an assumption 认为；假定(3)assuming (that) . 假设/假定多角练透单句语法填空If you make an assumption (assume) that something is true or will happen, you accept that it is true or will happen.It is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future.补全句子Assuming_that_you_are_chosen_to_be_a_volunteer at Beijing Winter Olympic Games, what will you do?假设你被选为北京冬奥会的志愿者，你会做什么？6interrupt vt.& vi.打断讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止 (1)be interrupted by被打断/阻断(2)interruption n. 打断；打岔；中止without interruption 连续地；不断地题点全练单句语法填空He was writing a poem when he was_interrupted_(interrupt) by a knock at the door.She has kept up physical training for several years without_interruption (interrupt)7if only .“要是就好了”If_only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！if only .常用来表达愿望，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。(1)if only . had done .表示对与过去事实相反的愿望(2)if only . did .表示对与现在事实相反的愿望(3)if only . could/would/might do .表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)If only I_could_go (go) back and reset my goals.要是我能回去重新制定我的目标就好了。If only he had_lain (lie) quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.要是他按医生的指示安静地躺着的话，他现在就不会受那么多的罪了。If only I had (have) more time to study now.要是现在我有更多的时间来学习就好了。In a word, only if you learn English by using it can_you_learn_it_well.总之，只有通过使用英语的方法学英语，你才能学好它。名师指津only if中的only仅起强调作用，意为“只要”。 另外，“only状语”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。单元语基落实.单句语法填空1He added that probiotics (益生菌) were not an alternative to a healthy diet.2It is commonly assumed (assume) that the growth of GDP and the development of peoples living conditions are not necessarily cause and effect.3The more we are aware of the significance (significant) of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.4It is very annoying to_be_interrupted (interrupt) by advertisement at intervals.5Nothing in the room is in a mess, so I think they couldnt have searched it.6The botanical (botany) analyses have showed us that it used to be a lake.7The mechanic (机械师), who wishes to do his work well, must first sharpen (sharp) his tools.8The escaped prisoner got arrested (arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.9Scientists have_identified (identify) more than forty chemicals in tobacco smoke that cause cancer in humans and animals.10In contrast to our ignorance of saving food, many people especially those in povertystricken areas are suffering from starvation (starve).选词填空date back to， at most， be aware of， with relief， cut up， look ahead， get/be fed up with， regardless of1He bought his child the toy car_regardless_of_the fact that it was costly.2Dating_back_to 300 years ago，the stone house is wellpreserved.3“Cut_up the meat before you put them into the pot，” mother told me.4The librarian told us that we could borrow at_most_three books at a time.5Whenever we are in trouble, we must look_ahead and encourage ourselves.6The life in the country was so boring that I soon was/got_fed_up_with it.7Having finished all the housework, Mary dropped herself into the sofa, sighing with_relief.8The good news is that we are_aware_of the importance of fresh water and its shortage we are facing.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子1像我们所期望的那样，迈克参加了会议。 (as非限制性定语从句)Mike, as_we_expected,_attended the meeting.2要是我还能再看见她一次就好了。(if only)If_only_it_were_possible_for_me_to_see_her_once_more.3这位新闻记者匆忙赶到机场，却被告知那位电影明星已经走了。(only to do)The news reporter hurried to the airport, only_to_be_told_the_film_star_had_left.4老板建议召开一次会议，这表明他对我们的计划感兴趣。 (suggest)The boss suggested_holding a meeting and it suggested that he_was_interested_in_our_plan.5凯西在她儿子出生时辞了职，以便能够待在家里照顾家人。(so that .)Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so_that_she_could_stay_home_and_raise_her_family.句型转换1Some students dislike learning English, though they know it is important.Some students are_fed_up_with learning English, though they know it is important.2Despite the rain, the school sports meeting was still going on.Regardless_of_the_rain,_the school sports meeting was still going on.3Morning exercise is significant to many old people.Morning exercise is_of_significance_to many old people. 4The relation between our two countries can be traced back to last century.The relation between our two countries can date_back_to last century.5How I wish I could go back and reset my goals.If_only_I_could go back and reset my goals.高考拆组训练练(一)语言运用组块专练练准度(限时：25分钟).完形填空I learned my first lesson at a meeting. As we sat around the table I heard Meg, who was _1_ a recent operation, talking to Judith, the manager of our project. “Thank you so much for _2_ my daughters to their dance lessons last week.” Judith said, “It was nothing.”Knowing how _3_ Judiths schedule was, I found her driving Megs children to lessons unbelievably _4_. I was about to say more about this when Donna, another colleague, entered the room _5_. She apologized for being late, saying she just hosted a lunch for her friends who were over seventy.“That is so nice of you，” I said, _6_ how busy she was, how she didnt like to cook and clean. “Oh，” she said, waving her hand, “it was nothing.” _7_， I could still tell the _8_ in her voice. She did gain a sense of satisfaction from the entertainment offered to her friends.Seeing their _9_ to help others selflessly, I started thinking about the concept of “nothing”， this peaceful and generous way of living had it really been nothing or were they simply saying that? It _10_ to me that once I spent a whole afternoon after work helping a friend _11_ a speech. I _12_ her to rearrange the sequence of the stories in the lecture to make it sound more _13_. After the fifth try, she finally _14_ it. She hugged me with _15_， saying thanks to me. I smiled and said it was nothing.Suddenly, I realized that helping someone was really something to me. I learned that giving from the heart doesnt _16_ mean sacrifice and hard work. The _17_ i