浙江省2019年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解题型突破（四）训练.docx

阅读理解题型突破(四)主旨大意题 (A卷)(加彩的题目为主旨大意题，本卷限时22分钟)AIf a city wants to hold the Olympics, it must submit a proposal to the IOC.After all proposals have been submitted, the IOC votes.If no city with the fewest votes is eliminated (淘汰), the voting continues, until a majority winner is determined.Typically, the Games are awarded several years in advance, allowing the winning city time to prepare for the Games.In selecting the site of the Olympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors, and chiefly among them is which organizing committee seems most likely to stage the Games effectively.The IOC also considers which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games.For instance, Tokyo, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Beijing, that of the 2008 Games, were chosen in part to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia.Because of the growing importance of television worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into account the host citys time zone.Whenever the Games take place in the USA or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay specially higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours.Once the Games have been awarded, it is the duty of the local organizing committee not the IOC or the NOC of the host citys country to provide them with money.This is often done with a part of the Olympic television revenues (收入), and corporate sponsorships, tickets sales, and other smaller revenue sources.In many cases there is also direct government support.Although many cities have gained amounts of money by hosting the Games, the Olympics can be financially risky.If the financial gains from the Games are less than expected, the city will be left with large debts.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了申办奥运会的流程。1_ will be determined to host the Olympic Games by the IOC.AA city that submits a proposalBA majority winner in votingCA city that has perfect time zoneDOne that hasnt hosted the Games解析：选B细节理解题。第一段主要介绍了产生主办城市的规则，根据第一段第二、三句“After all proposals have been submitted, the IOC votes.If no city with the fewest votes is eliminated (淘汰), the voting continues, until a majority winner is determined.”可知，得票数最多的城市由国际奥委会确定为奥运会主办城市，故B项正确。2If the Games take place in Canada, American television networks _.Awill not pay for the Canadian television networksBwill be forbidden to broadcast live sporting eventsCcant broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hoursDare willing to pay much higher amounts for television rights解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Whenever the Games take place in the USA or Canada .because they can broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours.”可知，奥运会无论在美国或者加拿大何时举办，美国电视网络都愿意为电视转播权支付特别高的费用，因为他们可以在最佳观看时间直播受欢迎的(体育)赛事，故D项正确。3According to the last paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?AThe host city must be left with large debts.BThere is no financial risk in hosting the Olympic Games.CThe host city may gain a lot of money.DIt is impossible that the host city couldnt make money.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段可知，主办城市能获得奥运会电视转播、企业赞助等收入，故主办城市可能会获得许多资金，故C项正确。4Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?AWinner or loserBApplying for host for the OlympicsCHow to host the Olympic GamesDThe Olympic Games解析：选B标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了申办奥运会的流程：先向国际奥委会提交提案，国际奥委会根据规则和实际情况投票选择主办城市，一旦确定主办城市，则该城市应积极准备。故B项最适合作本文的标题。B(2018宁波市上学期期末)Many high school students consider a college education useless.Therefore, they choose not to go to college.If youre one of them, think again.Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.Schools and universities are the first sources of knowledge.We take that knowledge later on to build our careers after graduation.More knowledge will be gained after you start working, but without an education, that job will not be within easy reach.Knowledge leads to knowledge.While limited within the walls of the educational institutions, we openly explore other cultures of the world.We come to know that ours is not the only culture.Other cultures have valuable insights to share, enriching our own.Education also makes us want to travel and interact with various cultures, broadening our horizons.When theres a downturn (衰退) in the economy, those who attended college will be more likely to find a new job than those who only finished grade school and have a limited skills set.The more education you have, the more chances you will get to improve the quality of your life as you have a better job and earn a higher salary.When youre skillful and knowledgeable, you get to “rub knees” with people of similar backgrounds and tastes.It means a good education leads to excellent networking.Good networking can benefit you a lot in your later life.A good education makes you a more interesting person.You can talk about ideas and events instead of just other people and whats on sale in stores.An educated person doesnt gossip, having a preference to discuss ideas and listen to what other people have to say.语篇解读：很多高中生认为读大学无用，他们选择不上大学。读大学真的无用么？读完本文，你会知道我们为什么要上大学，上大学能带给我们什么。5What is the text mainly about?ASources of knowledge.BBenefits of attending college.CThe disadvantages of not being educated.DThe reason why some people think college useless.解析：选B主旨大意题。第一段“Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.”为全文主旨句，再结合全文的整体内容可知，文章主要讲了为何要上大学，列举了上大学的种种好处。故答案选B。6How does the writer develop the passage?ABy giving examples.BBy listing reasons.CBy following directions. DBy offering suggestions.解析：选B写作手法题。文章主要列举了为何要上大学的种种原因。故答案选B。7Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the writer about going to college?AGaining more knowledge.BEnlarging social networks.CBecoming a humorous person.DExperiencing diverse cultures.解析：选C细节理解题。根据文章的第二、三、五段内容可知，A、B、D三项都是上大学的原因，C项在文章中并未涉及。故答案选C。CI liked being a mess. My desk was always surrounded with bowls of food grain, sour milk and old magazines. My floor was full of sweaters, stuffed animals, socks, shoes . I couldnt always see these things, but I knew that they were safe, lying somewhere.One day in August, all of my friends and family members were doing their own businesses. I told my mom that I didnt know what to do and she advised me to clean my room. When I opened the door to my bedroom, everything was in its usual messy arrangement. I became aware of the moldy (发霉的) smell and noticed a spider (蜘蛛) on top of my mirror. I suddenly felt terrible for everything in my room that I had buried and had an urge to make them reappear.In a box buried under old textbooks, I found a letter that my grandfather had written me at camp. I remembered my dad rocking me to sleep the night grandfather died, and how the tears wouldnt stop. Tears began to roll down my cheeks again.In the drawer next to my bed, I found a friendship watchband from my childhood best friend, Aubrey, who had given it to me before she moved to California. I had lost so many precious childhood memories over time, letting them slip away into the tide like grains of sand.Under my bed I even found that picture of my mom and me in Jamaica. I stared at that girl, barely able to recognize this person who had drowned in the mess of my room so many years before. I decided to completely reorganize and clean my room so that all the books, belts, and baskets were in their right place. It was like finding the missing pieces of the puzzle.The finishing touch was framing that photo and hanging it high up on my wall. After all, it was me I had been searching for.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者多年来不注意打扫室内卫生，生活也因此变得混乱。一天，她决定改变现状。8Paragraph 1 is mainly about the authors _.Adisorganized lifestyle Bregular study habitsCunusual hobbies Dbusy life解析：选A段落大意题。由第一段尤其是第一句“I liked being a mess.”可知，作者喜欢混乱，其室内的东西摆放无序，混乱不堪。故选A项。9How did the author feel when she saw a spider in her bedroom?AFrightened. BCurious.CAshamed. DExcited.解析：选C推理判断题。由第二段最后一句“I suddenly felt terrible for everything in my room that I had buried and had an urge to make them reappear.”可知，看到卧室里的蜘蛛后，作者为房间里胡乱堆放的东西感觉很糟糕。据此可推断，作者为自己邋遢的行为感到羞愧。10What did the author realize when she was doing the cleanup?AHer mom loved her very much.BIt was important to find her place.CShe had lost many fond memories.DFriendship didnt change over time.解析：选C细节理解题。由第四段中的“I had lost so many precious childhood memories over time”可知，作者收拾房间时发现自己失去了很多童年美好的回忆。11What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 5 refer to?AThinking of the past.BTidying up the room.CSorting through the photos.DReading letters from friends.解析：选B代词指代题。由语境可知，画线词指代上文的“completely reorganize and clean my room”。阅读理解题型突破(四)主旨大意题 (B卷)(加彩的题目为主旨大意题，本卷限时22分钟)A(2018杭州市高三教学质量检测)The day started out joyously.Jeannie and Steven Kelley took their twin boys, Kaden and Isaac, to church.Afterwards, the family and some of their relatives got together at the Kelley home to have a meal, and then some fun in the familys swimming pool.As the party wrapped up, family members moved inside.The adults put on a performance, chatted and said their goodbyes.But in all the commotion,_no one remembered to lock the door to the pool area.It was a simple mistake that could have cost the family dearly!The twins 6yearold cousin, Branson, noticed his little sister wandering around outside.So, he went out to ask her to come in.And that was when the little boy saw a terrifying sight.He spotted the 2yearold twins facedown in the pool!The adults came running outside when they heard Bransons frightened cries for help.And they couldnt believe what they saw when they got out there.Branson not only pulled the twins out of the water, but he began CPR (心肺复苏) as well.Hed seen his mom perform CPR before, and just copied what hed seen.“He said he just dived in，” Bransons mom, Courtney, said.“All he knew is that he had to try to save them . It was a miraculous (奇迹的) thing to know that at 6 years old he didnt just scream and run away.He didnt just ignore it or stand there in shock.He immediately acted.” Steven began performing CPR on his sons while Courtney called 911.Thirty seconds passed and then Kaden and Isaac started coughing up water and breathing.When emergency responders arrived, they airlifted the boys to the hospital by helicopter.And amazingly, they were already showing signs of improvement.Doctors couldnt believe it.They told Jeannie and Steven such accidents usually ended in brain death.But Kaden and Isaac were absolutely fine!The couple was incredibly graceful to the boys heroic cousin, Branson.语篇解读：由于大人的粗心，忘记关上去泳池的门，结果两个双胞胎小孩落水，六岁小孩Branson发现后，不仅把双胞胎拉出水面，还给他们做心肺复苏，正是由于他的及时出手，最后拯救了这两个小孩。1Which of the following might be the best title of the text?AA Firstaid lessonBA Dangerous PoolCA Family Gettogether DA Miraculous Rescue解析：选D标题归纳题。根据全文，由于大人的粗心，忘记关上去泳池的门，结果两个小孩落水，六岁小孩发现后，不仅把双胞胎拉出水面，还给他们做心肺复苏，拯救了这两个小孩。故答案选D。2What does the underlined word “commotion” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AExcitement. BAdaptations.CDelay. DEmergency.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第二段“As the party wrapped up, family members moved inside.The adults put on a performance, chatted and said their goodbyes.”可知，这是一次聚会，家庭成员都在室内聊天，互相道别等，这样的场景大家都是很激动、兴奋的。故答案选A。3It can be inferred from the 5th paragraph that Bransons mother was _.Aconfused BproudCrelaxed Danxious解析：选B推理判断题。根据第五段中“He said he just dived in， Bransons mom, Courtney, said. All he knew is that he had to try to save them . there in shock.He immediately acted.”可以得知，母亲的话语中用了dive in, miraculous等词可以看出，她对自己儿子的表现非常的满意，话语中充满自豪。故答案选B。4The twin brothers quick and full recovery was mainly because of _.Adoctors effective treatmentBBransons quick calm reactionCthe timely arrival of the helicopterDtheir own very good luck解析：选B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可以得知，医生对双胞胎的情况好转都难以置信，正是由于6岁孩子Branson的及时抢救，才能使双胞胎幸免于难，得以康复。故答案选B。B(2018杭州市高三教学质量检测)What horrors hide in our subconscious (潜意识)? According to a new French study on sleeptalking, researchers found the most commonly used word is “no”， and the French swearword (骂人的话) “putain” occurred, reports the New York Times, “800 times more often in sleep than when awake”The study also found that men sleeptalked more than women and used more swearwords.Sleeptalking is a form of sleep disorders.“In my experience, it can be linked to the nervous system being overactive, which can be related to the overuse of technology before bed or too much coffee，” says Dr Nerina.“But these sorts of behaviours can happen with people who quite hard on themselves.Theyre perfectionists, but they often hold back on saying what they really want to say.When they go to bed at night, it comes out into the sleep.”The idea that you can find someones deepest secrets while they are asleep is irresistible.There are apps that record sleeptalking.But can you admit to a murder in your sleep? Or to having a lover? Prof.Horne suggests we shouldnt read too much into what is said.“Sleeptalking tends to occur in very light sleep，” he says.“Sleeptalking isnt related to dreaming but to the lighter sleep.Its really the wanderings of a rather confused mind.”It is much more common in children, and the majority of people grow out of it.“Anxiety and stress tends to bring it on，” says Horne.“Sleeptalkers are generally reflecting some sort of aspect of a worry.I think its best not to place too much concern on sleeptalking and not take the words said by someone seriously.”However, sleeptalking might tell you one thing.Someone who often does it is probably quite anxious and it might be a good idea to find out what is worrying them.语篇解读：说梦话是睡眠紊乱的一种表现。文章告诉我们说梦话的原因主要是精神的过度紧张和内心的焦虑。说梦话的人也无须太过担心，找出你自己焦虑和紧张的原因后，说梦话这个问题自然就解决了。5What can we learn from the text?ASwearwords occur more often when people are awake.BAdults sleeptalk less since they are happier than kids.CSleeptalking has an obvious connection with dreaming.DPeople dont need to worry too much about sleeptalking.解析：选D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“. I think its best not to place too much concern on sleeptalking and not take the words said by someone seriously.”可知，作者认为说梦话的人无须太过担心，不要太在意某个人说的话。故答案为D。6According to the text, the most likely cause of sleeptalking is_.Ahard work and lack of sleepBadvances in modern technologyCones deepest secretsDconstant worry and tension解析：选D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Anxiety and stress tends to bring it on”可知，引起说梦话的原因主要是精神的过度紧张和焦虑。故答案为D。7What is the text mainly about? AHow subconscious works.BWhen sleep disorders arise.CWhat sleeptalking means.DWhy people feel anxious.解析：选C主旨大意题。根据全文，作者先讲述了说梦话的现象，然后分析了引起说梦话的原因，最后告诉读者，说梦话无须太过担心，只是内心的焦虑和精神的过度紧张而已，且sleeptalking一词在文章中频繁出现。故答案为C。C(2018金华十校模拟)Imitation might be considered the sincerest form of flattery (恭维), but if you take it too far in a job interview you could be giving the wrong impression to a potential employer.Scientists have discovered too much imitating in a job interview situation leaves an employer thinking you are incompetent，untrustworthy and not very likeable.Studies have shown that gentle imitation usually acts as a social glue in human relationships; it can promote trust.Two people who like each other will strengthen their bond by unconsciously imitating each others gestures in an unnoticeable way, such as leaning forward at the same time.But in recent years, imitation has been used as conscious approach by people who want to succeed in business.However, the new research suggests this could cost your reputation.The study was conducted by the University of Californias psychology department.Piotr Winkielman, a professor of psychology at the university in San Diego, said, “Imitation is an important part of social intelligence.But it is not enough to simply know how to imitate.Its also important to know when and when not to.The success of mirroring depends on mirroring the right people at the right time for the right reasons.Sometimes the socially intelligent thing to do is not to imitate.”The study asked people to watch several stage videotaped interviews, some of which featured a friendly interviewer while, in others, the same person was unapproachable.The people being interviewed in the videos imitated the interviewers simple gestures such as legcrossing or chintouching.Interviewees were then evaluated on their general competence, trustworthiness and likeability by participants.Despite the fact that the participants were not instructed to watch for imitation and reported no awareness of it, it still influenced their evaluations.Interviewees who imitated the unfriendly boss were judged to be less competent than those who didnt and their unconscious mirroring was observed as an error.Professor Winkielman added: “Its good to have the capacity to imitate.But an important part of social intelligence is knowing how to use this ability in a selective, intelligent, situationdependent manner, and understanding, when mirroring can reflect badly on you.” 语篇解读：过度模仿在面试中不仅不会给面试官留下好印象，相反，会给面试官留下不可靠、低能等坏印象。要适当地用这个社交智慧，必须考虑各种因素，如方法、时机等。8If you take imitation too far in a job interview, the interviewer may think you are _.AincompetentBsmartCtrustworthy Dunfriendly解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists have discovered too much imitating in a job interview situation leaves an employer thinking you are incompetent，untrustworthy and not very likeable.”可知，过度模仿会给面试官留下能力不足、不可靠、不让人喜欢的印象。故答案选A。9What do Piotr Winkielmans words in Paragraph 5 mean?APeople should avoid using imitation in a job interview.BPeople should know what social intelligence is.CProper imitation involves lots of factors.DImitation is very difficult to learn.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第五段模仿是一种重要的社交智慧，但是仅仅知道怎么模仿是不够的，还需要知道模仿时机，需要考虑各种因素