人教新课标高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy.ppt

,水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、天王星、海王星,Water Air Life,Water is the headspring of life. 水是生命之源,?,A cloud of dust Combine into a solid ball Explodewith fire & rock (produce H2O, CO2,O2, N2, other gases),atmosphere,Cool down,water appeared,dissolve harmful gases into ,Life began,Life developed,A cloud of dust a solid ball presence of water on the water shellfish & other fish plants begin to grow on dry land insects and amphibians appear retiles appear dinosaurs appear mammals appear,The development of life,insects and amphibians appear,retiles appear,dinosaurs appear,mammals appear,Discussion： How to protect the earth and make it a better place to live on?,主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末，常用下面几种句型。,1）It + be + 表语 +主语从句 表语：（名词， 形容词，过去分词）,It is certain that she will do well in her exam. It is true that I told her everything.,It is a pity that we cant go. It is no surprise that our team should have won the game. It is an honour that I was invited to attend the meeting.,It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that China has sent another manmade earth satellite into orbit.,2）It+不及物动词或短语+主语从句 It seemed (happened, doesnt matter, has turned out) that,It happens that they were absent. It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.,It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.,3) It +及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句,It has been decided that the exhibition will not open on Sundays.,注意:,1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。,误：They should like each other is natural. 正：That they should like each other is natural. 正：It is natural that they should like each other.,2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.,误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.,1. What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.,_ （使大家吃惊的是）is that he didnt come to the meeting.,What surprised everybody,2. _（他所做的） added to our difficulty.,What he did,n. 固体 solid, liquid, gas adj. 固体的；实心的,无空隙的；结实的，坚固的,1) Matter has three states: solid, liquid液体 and gas气体.,2) When water freezes结冰, it becomes solid and we call it ice.,be to (do): 不可避免要发生或必须发生,They are to go traveling in August. Mr. Clark said to his daughter, “You are to be home by 10 oclock at the latest.”,3.It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, ,1). （使某物）炸开，爆炸,2). （指感情）激发,3). （指人口）突然或迅速增加,The firework exploded in his hand and he was hurt seriously.,I was frightened when she exploded into loud laughter.,Now it is not easy to find jobs with the exploding population.,explosion n. 爆炸（声）,explosive adj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的 n.炸药，爆炸物,in time (for sth/to do sth): not late 及时；不迟 She will be back in time to prepare dinner. 她来得及回来准备晚饭。,in time: sooner or later; eventually 迟早；最后 Ill see him in time. 总有一天我会遇见他。,in/out of time: in/not in the correct time 合/不合节拍 The audience clapped in time to the music. 观众合着音乐的节拍拍手。,going round the sun为现在分词短语，做定语，表示一般的动作。例如：,Men breaking the law will be punished. Men who break the law will be punished.,现在分词短语作定语，也可表示进行的动作。例如：,Can you see the girl dancing with your boyfriend? Can you see the girl who is dancing with her boyfriend?,你能看到与男友跳舞的那个姑娘吗？,be harmful to 对有害,do harm to sb. = do sb. harm 伤害某人，对某人有害处,1) Pollution is especially harmful to animals.,2) Smoking will do you a lot of harm.,8. They multiplied and filled the first oceans and seas with oxygen .,multiply (数目上)增加，增多；乘；（使）繁殖,1) Our problems have multiplied since last year.,2) 2 and 5 multiply to make 10.,4) The plants here multiply rapidly.,3) 6 multiplied by 5 is 30.,= Multiply 6 by 5 to make 30.,10. Many millions of years later the first green plants began to appear on land.,late,adj. 迟到的，晚的；前任的；以前的；已故的,later,adv. 后来，较晚时候,过后 adj. late的比较级(更迟的,更后的),latest,adj. 最新的,lately,adv. =recently 近来,1) Mr. Zhu Rongji is the late Prime Minister of China.,3) She said she would ring you later this morning.,5) Its only lately that she has been well enough to go out.,2) He is often late for school.,4) Have you heard about the latest news?,12. They produced young generally by laying eggs.,Its generally believed that一般认为,generally speaking 一般而言，概括来说,1) Its generally believed that girls work harder than boys do.,2) Generally speaking, women cry more easily than men.,13. Small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth.,vi.,散布, 传播，蔓延, 伸展，扩展,vt.,铺开，摊开,1) The news spread through the school very quickly. 2) Theres a desert spreading for hundreds of miles.,3) He spread out his arms to welcome us. 4) I spread a new cloth on the table.,14. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.,阻止某人做某事 :,prevent sb. (from) doing sth.,stop sb. (from) doing sth.,keep sb. from doing sth.,1) We must prevent them from making trouble.,2) You should prevent the child from injuring himself.,If nothing prevents, ,如果没有什么阻碍的话 , ,Word study:,Translate the following into English,把当作 太阳系 总有一天；及时 一般地说来 信赖；取决于 目前 做出选择 天文学 氧 阻止,think of as solar system in time generally speaking depend on at present make choices astronomy oxygen prevent from ,make watch wonder be cool multiply begin exist explode,Where do we come from? How did the universe _ ? When we _ the stars through the telescope, we _ why the universe _ . After the “Big Bang” ,the earth _ just a cloud of energetic dust. Somehow it _ loudly with fire and rock, which _ the earths atmosphere. As the earth _ down water _ to appear on its surface, which was important for the beginning of life. Then living things _ on the earth.,begin,watch,wonder,exists,was,exploded,made,cooled,began,multiplied,On the moon,The change of gravity,In space,Very strong,Very heavy,Disappeared,Floated weightlessly,Very light,The mass will be less,Leave the earth,Last month I visited the moon with my friend. Before we left, I was told the force of g_ would change three times on our journey. Then we took off. As we left the earth, I became very h_. Gradually the weight l_. When I was in space, it d_. We f_ weightlessly in the cabin and I c_ _. When I was on the moon, I was surprised to find out even walking needs lots of practice n_ _ gravity changed. The returning of the earth was very f_. We were amazed to watch fire b_ _ on the outside of the ship.,gravity,heavy,lessened,disappeared,floated,cheered up,now that,frightening,break out,疑难语句细解,1 beadj.enoughto do足够能干 拓展 enough作副词时可以修饰形容词、副词或动词，放在被 修饰的形容词、副词或动词之后，再加动词不定式或介词for 短语构成句型：beadj.enoughto do sth./for sth.意思为 “足够可以”。,(1)她已到自己作决定的年龄了。 She is _ decide for herself. (2)屋子不够大容不下做礼拜的人们。 The room isnt _ hold the people who attend church. (3)这篇课文太耐读了。 This text is . (4)这种游戏我训练得不够。 I hadnt .,old enough to,big enough to,long enough for reading,trained enough for the game,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两 倍，因而我摔倒了。 句型 twice as.as.“是的两倍” (1)这棵树是那棵树的两倍高。 _ (2)那个男孩跳的高度是我的两倍。 _,This tree is twice as tall as that one.,The boy jumps twice as high as I.,归 纳,英语常见表达倍数的句型如下：,倍数,as.as.,比较级than,asadj./adv.的原级as as many/much名词as,adj./adv.比较级than. more名词than.,说明：在“倍数then.of.”结构中，常用的名词size，height，length，width等。另外，两倍用twice或double，不到一倍用分数表示，三倍或三倍以上一般用times来表示。,飞机飞得是风筝的十倍高。 The plane flew nine times higher than the kite. The plane flew ten times as high as the kite. The plane flew ten times the height of the kite.,3.“Oh，dear，” I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” “天哪！”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，走路也的确需要练 一练了。” 句型 now that的意思为“既然，由于”，从属连词，引导原 因状语从句，在口语中可以省略that。 联想 与now that意思相近的有seeing that，since等。,(1)既然你提到了，我要记在心里。 you have mentioned it，I keep it in mind. (2)既然已完成了工作，你就应该好好休息一下。 You ought to have a good rest _ youve finished the work. (3)既然教授的报告很有教育意义，为什么不去听呢？ _ the professors lecture is very instructive，why not go and attend it? (4)鉴于你有足够