2019高考英语考前刷题大卷练（四）.docx

刷题大卷练(四)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019太原市高三阶段性测评INTRODUCTIONChinese Government Scholarship program for international students is established by the Ministry of Education(MOE) of the Peoples Republic of China aiming to promote Chinese higher education brand on an international basis. China Scholarship Council, entrusted by the MOE, holds the responsibility of verification(证实), approval and the routine management of the program.SCHOLARSHIP COVERAGETuition; campus accommodation fees; medical insurance and a monthly allowance.APPLICANTSApplicants must be nonChinese citizens and in good health.Applicants for a masters degree program must have a bachelors degree and be under 35.Applicants for a doctoral degree program must have a masters degree and be under 40.APPLICATION1Apply online at www. campuschina. org2Mail application documents to East China Normal University (ECNU)An application form for Chinese Government Scholarship.The highest diploma and academic transcripts(学生成绩单)(notarized photocopies). Documents in languages other than Chinese or English must be attached with notarized(经过公证的) translation in Chinese or English.A research plan. It is required to be no more than 800 words.Recommendation letters. Applicants for postgraduate studies must submit two letters of recommendation in Chinese or English by professors or associate professors.A photocopy of Foreigner Physical Examination Form. Please select the appropriate time to take medicalexamination as it is valid for only 180 days.The HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test) certificate.The processing fee. The bank wire receipt should be enclosed in the application package.3Application dateYour application documents should reach the International Students Office of ECNU by April 30th.APPROVAL AND NOTIFICATIONThe result will be posted online at http：/ by the end of June.【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了中国为国际学生设立的中国政府奖学金项目的具体情况。【难句分析】Chinese Government Scholarship program for international students is established by the Ministry of Education(MOE)of the Peoples Republic of China aiming to promote Chinese higher education brand on an international basis.分析：本句是一个较复杂的简单句。其中aiming to promote Chinese higher education brand on an international basis为现在分词短语作伴随状语，修饰Chinese Government Scholarship program。译文：针对国际学生的中国政府奖学金项目由中华人民共和国教育部设立，旨在促进中国高等教育品牌国际化。1What do we know about the program?AThere is no age limit for applicants.BThe application is due on June 30th.CIt is only for international students.DThere are two websites for application.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“Chinese Government Scholarship program for international students. on an international basis”可知，这个项目只针对国际学生，故选C。2What will applicants have to pay according to the text?ATuition. BProcessing fees.CAll living costs. DMedical examination charge.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据APPLICATION部分中的“The processing fee. The bank wire receipt. package”可知，申请者需支付手续费。3What can we infer from the text?ALonger research plans are preferred.BThe HSK certificate is valid for only 180 days.CGovernment officials give recommendation letters.DEducation certificates in Chinese or English are accepted.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据APPLICATION部分中的“Documents in languages. in Chinese or English”可推知，英语或汉语版本的教育证书都是可以接受的。BI always dreamed of studying abroad, to learn at a worldclass university while further exploring the grounds on which these nations achieved new milestones of development with each passing day.To study abroad after my graduation, I could not stop seeking my dream. To take the first step, I did some brainstorming and explored opportunities on the Internet and finally decided to go for China. There were a number of reasons behind it its advanced education system and thousands of centuries of rich culture inspired me to study there. The primary one was my curiosity how a nation has left many nations behind in a short time at its fast pace of development.So just like that, I applied, along with some of my friends, for a masters degree program at Communication University of China. I was the only one who got selected in the said program and in addition, the Chinese Scholarship Council sponsored all of my expenses. This good news was welcomed by my family.This is my seventh month in Beijing. In my experience so far, one thing that appeared to be missing was the internship (实习) which I tried to find because I want to work here after completion of my studies. After some struggles I was lucky enough to get the opportunity to work as an intern with the Center for China and Globalization (CCG). Its very exciting to work on their team as a researcher. Now I can proudly say that my decision to choose China as a study destination was the best decision I have ever made.【文章大意】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己来中国留学实现自己的梦想的经历。【核心素养】文章以一位国外留学生在中国的圆梦之旅为载体，展示了中国的国际影响力和魅力，有助于考生增强家国情怀和理想自信，体现了文化意识的核心素养。【长难句分析】I always dreamed of studying abroad, to learn at a worldclass university while further exploring the grounds on which these nations achieved new milestones of development with each passing day.分析：本句是主从复合句，句子主干是I always dreamed of studying abroad。不定式短语to learn at a worldclass university作目的状语。while further exploring the grounds on which.each passing day是省略了I am的时间状语从句，该从句中的on which引导定语从句，修饰先行词grounds。译文：在进一步探索这些国家在过去每一天里取得重要成就的原因时，我一直梦想着留学，在一所世界一流大学里学习。4What does the author intend to do in the beginning?AAdd some background information.BSummarize the main idea of the text.CExplain the reason for writing the passage.DEncourage people to pursue dreams.答案与解析：A考查写作意图。第一段主要讲作者一直都希望能够去世界一流大学学习，交代了故事发生的背景信息，故A项正确。5What is the most important reason for the author coming to China?AChinas rich culture.BHis curiosity.CChinas advanced education system.DHis familys support.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“There were a number of reasons behind it”和“The primary one was my curiosity how a nation has left many nations behind in a short time at its fast pace of development”可知，作者选择到中国留学的最重要的原因是对这个国家充满了好奇。注意：解答本题的关键是理解文中primary的含义，primary意为“最重要的”。6What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph?AHe plans to work in China after graduation.BHe wants to be a researcher in the future.CHe is most proud of studying in China.DHe found a job upon arriving in Beijing.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“which I tried to find because I want to work here after completion of my studies”可知，作者想毕业后在中国工作，故A项正确。7What can be a suitable title for the text?ALearning and Working in ChinaBTravel Experiences in ChinaCRealization of Dreams in ChinaDImportance of Having Dreams答案与解析：C考查标题判断。文章主要讲述一位留学生在中国的圆梦之旅，所以选C项。C2019武汉市毕业班训练The Maltese Islands are rich in Neolithic (新石器时代的) sites. Ggantija in Gozo, Tarxien, and the Hagar Qim/Mnajdra Complex here on Maltas south coast are perhaps the most wellknown. These piles of stones are some of the earliest known manmade structures in the world. They are showing their age a bit, but what would you expect for buildings that are five and a half thousand years old? My house was built in the year 2000 and is already in bad condition round the edges. These temples are older than the pyramids!In my opinion the temples are best seen after the visitors have left. Come with me for a late afternoon walk down the hill past Hagar Qim towards the Mnajdra Complex. There are chain link fences around the temples now but we can ignore those and try to imagine why Maltas earliest people took the trouble to build these structures on this windy and poor hillside.Of course the temples would have looked rather different when they were constructed. They may have been decorated with pigments and possibly even roofed with animal skins or other materials. Who knows? We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000year period or so.Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar Qim is the easiest if you have a car. Or if you dont mind a hike, you could get a bus to Qrendi (3 km away) or Zurrieq (5 km away) and walk from there. Warning: although the distances are not too great, walking several kilometers in the Maltese sun can be very hard and possibly dangerous. Take water and sunscreen.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了马耳他的一些著名的建筑群。【难句分析】Of course the temples would have looked rather different when they were constructed.分析：本句是一个主从复合句，其中when引导时间状语从句，意为“当时”。译文：当然，这些庙宇在建造时看起来会有很大的不同。8What makes the writer wonder about the temples?ATheir history. BTheir appearance.CHow they were built. DWhen they were built.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“These piles of stones are some of the earliest known manmade structures in the world”及第二段中的“There are chain link fences around the temples now”以及文章大部分是对寺庙的外观进行描述可推知，作者对这些寺庙感到好奇的地方是它们的外表。9What are we aware of about the construction of the temples?AThey have been transformed.BThey look the same as before.CThey were carefully designed.DThey are not what they used to be.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000year period or so”可推知，我们对寺庙的建筑结构的了解是它们不再是过去的样子了。10How can we admire the sites getting the least sunburn?ABy hiking there. BBy riding a car.CBy taking water. DBy taking a bus.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar Qim is the easiest if you have a car”和最后两句话可知，我们可以通过驾车去欣赏这些地方，避免晒伤。11Where can we possibly find the text?AIn a political speech. BIn historical fiction.CIn a travel magazine. DIn a geography textbook.答案与解析：C考查文章出处。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中的“Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar Qim is the easiest if you have a car. Or if you dont mind a hike, you could get a bus to Qrendi (3 km away) or Zurrieq (5 km away) and walk from there”可推知，这篇文章可能来自旅游杂志。D2019合肥市高三质量检测New research shows that people with blue eyes have a single, common ancestor. A team at the University of Copenhagen have tracked down a genetic mutation(突变) which took place 6,00010,000 years ago and is the cause of the eye colour of all blueeyed humans alive on the planet today.“Originally, we all had brown eyes，” said Professor Hans Eiberg.“But a genetic mutation affecting the OCA2 gene(基因) in our body resulted in the creation of a switch, which literally turned off the ability to produce brown eyes.” The OCA2 gene codes for the socalled P protein, which is involved in the production of melanin(黑色素). It gives colour to our hair, eyes and skin.The switch, which is located in the gene close to OCA2, does not, however, turn off the gene entirely, but rather limits its action to reducing the preduction of melanin in the eyeball effectively turning brown eyes to blue. The effect of the switch on OCA2 is very specific therefore. If the OCA2 gene had been completely destroyed or turned off, human beings would be without melanin in their hair, eyes or skin colour.Variation in the colour of the eyes from brown to green can all be explained by the amount of melanin in the eyeball, but blueeyed individuals only have a small degree of variation in the amount of melanin in their eyes. “From this we can conclude that all blueeyed individuals are linked to the same ancestor，” says Professor Eiberg.“They have all inherited(继承) the same switch at exactly the same spot in their DNA.”Browneyed individuals, by contrast, have considerable individual variation in the area of their DNA that controls melanin production.The mutation of brown eyes to blue represents neither a positive nor a negative mutation. It is one of several mutations such as hair colour, baldness, and beauty spots, which neither increases nor reduces a humans chance of survival. As Professor Eiberg says, “it simply shows that nature is constantly affecting the human genes and trying out different changes as it does so.”【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了基因突变是如何改变人们眼睛的颜色的。12What is the finding of Professor Hans Eibergs team?AThe eye colour can be changed by adjusting genes today.BBlueeyed people have survived due to their special genes.CThe eye colour can help discover what peoples ancestors were.DA genetic mutation leads to the change of peoples eye colour.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句中的“a genetic mutation(突变). is the cause of the eye colour of all blueeyed humans alive on the planet today”可知，Hans Eiberg教授团队发现基因突变导致人类眼睛颜色的改变，故选D项。13What can we learn about “the switch” from Paragraph 3?AIt produces melanin directly.BIt can be limited by other genes.CIt helps produce less melanin.DIt helps OCA2 function in our body.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句中的“The switch. but rather limits its action to reducing the production of melanin in the eyeball”可知，它有助于减少黑色素，故选C项。14Why can we conclude all blueeyed individuals are linked to the same ancestor?AThey have almost the same gene.BThey have more variation in genes.CThey have more melanin in their eyes.DThey have a small degree of variation in the amount of melanin.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“but blueeyed individuals only have a small degree of variation in the amount of melanin in their eyes.From this we can conclude that all blueeyed individuals are linked to the same ancestor，”可知，在他们的眼睛的黑色素数量上他们有着较少程度的改变是我们得出所有蓝色眼睛的人有共同祖先的原因。15What does the last paragraph want to tell us?ANature affects our genes.BOnly the fittest can survive.CWe are decided by our genes.DSome genetic mutations are pointless.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句中的“it simply shows that nature is constantly affecting the human genes and trying out different changes as it does so”可推知，自然影响着我们的基因。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019成都市重点中学高三段考There are times when people come into your life, and you know at once that they are sure to be there. They serve some sort of purpose, teach you a lesson or help figure out who you are or who you want to become. You never know who these people may be: your classmate, neighbor, teacher, longlost friend or even a real stranger. But _16_， you know that at that very moment they will affect your life in some serious way. _17_. However, on reflection you realize that without getting over them you would have never realized your potential ability and strength.Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck. _18_. Without these small tests, life would be like a smooth road to nowhere. The people affecting your life, and the successes and failures you experience, help to create who you are and who you become.Even the bad experiences can be learned from. In fact, they are probably the most important ones. If someone hurts you, forgive them, _19_._20_， for you may never be able to experience it again. Talk to people you have never talked to before, and really listen. You should set your sights high, hold your head up, tell yourself you are a great individual and believe in yourself. Create your own life and then go out and live it with absolutely no regrets.Most importantly, if you love someone, tell him or her, for you never know what tomorrow may have in store.Awhen you look eyes into themBbecause you are likely to get addicted to themCDont forget to embrace those unpleasant momentsDMake every day count and appreciate every momentEIllness, injury and love all occur to test the limits of your soulFSometimes things happening to you may seem challenging at firstGfor they have helped you learn about trust and the importance of being cautious【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。每件事的发生都有其原因，成功和失败都有助于塑造自己。相信自己，把握现在。16A根据空处前一句“You never know who these people may be：your classmate, neighbor，teacher，longlost friend or even a real stranger”可知，你永远不知道这些人可能是谁：你的同学、邻居、老师、久未见面的朋友，或者甚至是一个真正的陌生人；结合该句中的“But”和“you know that at that very moment they will affect your life in some serious way”可知，但当你和他们对视时，你就会知道，正是在那一刻，他们将会以某种重要的方式影响你的生活。A项正确。17F根据空后的“However”可知，空后的句子与空处构成转折关系；结合该句“However, on reflection you realize that without getting over them you would have never realized your potential ability and strength”可知，然而，经过认真思考你会意识到，不克服它们，你永远也不会意识到你的潜在的能力和优势。据此可以判断，F项“有时，发生在你身上的事情起初似乎很有挑战性”与此处匹配。18E根据空处前一句“Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck”可知，每件事的发生都是有原因的，没有什么事是偶然发生的，也没有什么事是带着幸运或不幸发生的。据此可知，E项“疾病、伤害和爱的发生都是为了考验你的灵魂的极限”承接前一句，下文中的“these small tests”也是提示，故E项正确。19G根据空处上文“Even the bad experiences can be learned from.In fact, they are probably the most important ones”可知，即使是糟糕的经历你也可以从中吸取教训，事实上，这些糟糕的经历可能是最重要的。又结合该句中的“If someone hurts you, forgive them”可知，G项“因为他们帮助你学会了信任和谨慎的重要性”符合语境。20D根据该句中的“for you may never be able to experience it again”可知，D项“珍惜每一天，珍惜每一刻”符合语境。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。2019安徽省重点中学盟校联考Earlier this year, I created the Gustine Traveling Library. I _21_ an old ice cream cart into a _22_ library. I hoped to get kids outside, reading books again instead of staying inside all day playing on _23_ equipment.When I first started the _24_， I had about 100 books. Now, after seven months, I have received over 2,000 _25_ books, and I travel to neighboring cities in California.One day I was in a park in Gustine, and a little girl saw my cart. She ran up, _26_ it was an ice cream cart, and was _27_ when I told her it held books. She began to read the books. Then her parents called her，and the little girl started to _28_ to me the book that had a cartoon character Elmo on the cover _29_. When I told her she was allowed to keep it, she cried out with _30_， “Mom, I got Elmo！” That experience inspires me to keep _31_ the Traveling Library so more kids can enjoy reading great books. I am now helping other towns in California _32_ their own traveling libraries.The T