（新课改）2020版高考英语复习Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries学案外研版.docx

Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1human n(与动物等对比的)人_2index n. 指数_3household n. 一家人；家庭_4charity n. 慈善团体_5freeway n. 高速公路_6vast adj. 巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的_.重点单词写其形1income n纵联1 收入2poverty n. 贫穷3measure vt. 测定；测量；评估4goal n. 目标5position n. 位置；职位6figure n纵联2 数字7homeless adj.纵联3 无家可归的8tourism n. 旅游业9smart adj. 漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的10exchange n. 交换 .拓展单词通其变1hunger n饥饿hungry adj.饥饿的2development n发展develop vt.& vi.(使)发展developing adj.发展中的developed adj.发达的3educate vt.教育；培养；训练education n教育educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的4crowded adj.拥挤的crowd n人群 v聚拢纵联45inhabitant n居民inhabit v居住6similarity n类似；相似similar adj.相似的similarly adv.相似地；同样地7unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的unfortunately adv.不幸地fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地fortune n幸运；运气8location n位置；所在地locate vt.使坐落于 vi.定位；定居located adj.位于9transport n交通工具transportation n交通；运输纵联510industrial adj.工业的industry n工业11polluted adj.受到污染的pollute vt.污染pollution n污染12entertainment n娱乐entertain vt.使欢乐entertaining adj.使人愉快的纵联1.各种“收入”都想到income n收入，收益pay n报酬；薪水salary n薪水 wage n工资profit n利润；收益 earnings n工资；收入纵联2.各类“人物”来相聚a historical figure历史人物 a heroic figure英雄人物typical character典型人物 a big shot大人物a small potato/a nobody小人物VIP(a very important person)重要人物纵联3.后缀less形容词大观园homeless无家可归的 hopeless没有希望的breathless气喘吁吁的 endless无休止的countless数不清的 sleepless不眠的纵联4.ed结尾形容词荟萃crowded拥挤的 polluted受到污染的skilled熟练的 experienced有经验的talented/gifted有才能的 limited有限的纵联5.trans开头高频词集锦transport n交通工具 transportation n运输transplant v移植 transfer v运送transform v改造 transmit v传输单元话题发展中国家和发达国家子话题1商业、贸易profit n利润；利益 decrease n& v减少，减小corporation n公司 brand n商标，牌子commercial adj.商业的；贸易的 cooperate vi.合作，配合establish vt.建立；创办 invest v投资marketing n行销，销售 commerce n贸易；商业contract n合同 enterprise n企业；事业子话题2财政、金融finance n财政，财政学；金融 financial adj.金融的；财政的fund n基金 budget n预算；开支deposit n存款；押金 stock n股份，股票loan n贷款；借款 currency n货币；流通学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2018北京高考阅读C) (human) produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year.Almost half of that winds up in landfills (垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans.So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.用human的正确形式填空：Humans。“人类社会”可以表达为：human_society写出pollute在本单元中的同根形容词：polluted，其名词形式为：pollution写出hungry在本单元的名词形式：hunger，形容词后缀y表示性质或状态，类似的单词有：happy, empty, healthy, dusty等2(2017全国卷阅读D) A buildityourself solar still (蒸馏器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. (develop) by two doctors in the US.Department of Agriculture, its an excellent water collector. (unfortunate), you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes.用develop的正确形式填空：Developed。其同根词还有：developing, development等用unfortunate的正确形式填空：Unfortunately。否定前缀un加形容词或副词，类似的单词还有：unusual, unlimited, unluckily, unwilling等高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)欢迎每个人观看这部影片，它讲述了我们学校的发展。(development)Everyone_is_welcome_to_watch_the_film,_which_tells_about_the_development_of_our_school.2(2016浙江高考书面表达)在事件发生前一个月，我花了几个小时制定了一个时间表，概述了我的目标和实际步骤。(goal)A_month_before_the_event,_I_spent_hours_working_out_a_schedule_outlining_my_goals_and_practical_steps.3(2015重庆高考写作)同时，他们彼此交换观点和感受，通过这种方式他们很可能会学到更多的知识。(exchange)Meanwhile,_they_exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with_each_other,_through_which_they_probably_acquire_more_knowledge.(二)课堂重点释疑1measure vt.测定；测量；评估vi.(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为 n措施，方法；尺度辨清写出下列句中measure的含义We must pay attention to these problems and take effective measures to solve them.措施This line measures four times as long as that one.量度为It seemed as if the suit was made to his own measure.尺度Its difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage.评估Did you measure the distance between the two development zones？测量记牢be measured by/in用来衡量make .to ones measure 按某人的尺寸做take measures (to do sth.) 采取措施(做某事)练通 单句语法填空In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with Spring Festival coming.Education should not be measured purely by/in examination results.The government has taken measures to_prevent (prevent) house prices rising.The new bridge under construction, measuring（measure） twice as long as the old one, is due to be completed next month. 用准measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时态；若此意义的短语作后置定语时，要用现在分词形式。写美翻译句子我们应当采取适当的措施来改善环境。We_should_take_appropriate_measures_to_improve_our_environment.2position n位置；地位；职位；处境；立场记牢in a(n) .position处于的地位/处境/立场in/out of position 在/不在适当的位置be in a position to do sth. (因有能力、金钱或权力而)能做某事take (up) a position 就位；得到职位hold the position of . 担任的职务 练通单句语法填空Dina, having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took position at a local advertising agency.The best way to make a kid to be independent is to put him in a position where he has no one else to refer to.When I know all the facts, Ill be in a position to_advise (advise) you.补全句子Though he didnt hold_an_important_position,_he got along very well with almost everybody and was trusted by most of his leaders.虽然他没有担任重要职务，但他和每个人相处都很好，受到大部分领导的信任。用准(1)position作先行词时，其后的定语从句多由where引导；(2)在in/out of position短语中，position是不可数名词，前面不可用冠词。写美翻译句子如果你处在我的位置，你也会同情那些可怜的孩子。If_you_were_in_my_position,_you_would_have_sympathy_for_those_poor_children.3figure n数字；体形；人物；画像；雕像；人影 vt.& vi.考虑；估计；计算；认为辨清写出下列句中figure的含义His political activity made him a powerful figure in Chinese culture.人物Lisa was very frightened as she saw a figure in the darkness.人影It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country havent got a job.数字Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.体形David Dominoni requested the clerk to figure out his income tax.计算I figure that he was drunk and shouldnt be allowed to drive.认为记牢figure out理解；想出；弄明白；计算出keep ones figure 保持体形have a good figure 身材好练通补全句子(2017北京高考) If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure_it_out.如果你不了解某个事物，你可以研究、学习、与其他人探讨，直到你把它弄清楚。写美翻译句子为了保持体形，她开始了多吃水果和蔬菜、少吃肉的更健康的饮食。To_keep_her_figure,_she_began_eating_a_healthier_diet_of_more_fruits_and_vegetables,_and_less_meat.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1The Hope Project is designed to help those children who drop out of school because of poverty (贫穷)2This football player was accused of taking money for not scoring goals (得分) on purpose.3If you want to double your income (收入), you must double your effort.4Can you measure (测量) accurately with this ruler?5She turned the switch to the OFF position (位置)6You should educate (教育) your children to behave well.7Some students use their cellphone mostly as a tool of entertainment (娱乐)8A group discussion in class provides a chance for children to exchange (交换) their ideas.9The scheme has been set up to help homeless (无家可归的) people.10What are the main differences and similarities (相同点) between them?.单句语法填空1Some countries in Europe obtain a large amount of money from tourism (tour)2With the development (develop) of Internet, more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper one at New Years time.3In order to remove poverty (poor), the World Bank has switched its focus to providing assistance to developing countries.4High school education (educate) is very important for students, because it can help them to choose their future.5It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring (measure) over 90 metres.6(2017北京高考)She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry (hunger)7The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded (crowd) with people standing.8Im not sure what I would do if I were in your position.9I havent read either of the articles carefully, but I find that there is a striking similarity (similar) between them.10The new guideline stresses efforts to restore nature while reducing industrial (industry) damage to the environment.根据提示补全句子1中国长江江豚的数量不足1 000只，因此我希望你们能采取一些有效措施来保护它们。(measure)The number of the finless porpoise is less than 1,000, so I hope you can take_some_effective_measures_to_protect_them.2(2018浙江高考写作)我写信申请学生志愿者的职位。(position)Im writing to apply_for_the_position as a student volunteer.3我们无法弄明白为什么相当多的昆虫和鸟儿正在灭绝。(figure)We cant figure_out why quite a number of insects and birds are dying out.4玛丽给我上英语课，作为交换，我教她汉语。(exchange)Mary is giving me English lessons in_exchange_for my teaching her Chinese.5这房子很便宜。更重要的是，它在你办公室附近。(locate)The house is a good bargain.Above all, it is_located_near_your_office.(一)课前自主学习1up_to达到；忙于；胜任；由决定2make_sure 确定；弄清楚3make_progress 取得进步4make_efforts 努力5in_particular 尤其；特别6be_connected_with 与有联系；与有关7be/get_close_to 串记1 接近；靠近8at_the_top/bottom_of 串记2 在顶端/底部同根短语串记串记1.“beadj.to (介词)”短语万花筒be close to接近；靠近be equal to等于；胜任be familiar to为所熟悉 be open to对开放be opposite to与相反 be similar to与相似串记2.top/bottom相关短语个个清at the top/bottom of 在顶端/底部on (the) top of 在上方from top to bottom 从上到下at bottom 实际上；本质上from the bottom of ones heart 从某人心底里1reduce poverty 减少贫困2in recent years 在最近几年3follow these steps 按照这些步骤4at the top of the list 高居榜首5improve the environment 改善环境6move out of poverty 脱贫7of the same age 同岁8give some financial help 提供一些经济援助1Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。2Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated.在发展中国家，虽然80%以上的儿童都能上小学，但仍有约1.15亿儿童不能接受教育。3Its an agreement between towns or cities of_similar_size_and_age .这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的一份协议学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)完形中的短语和句式(补全句子)1(2016全国卷完形填空) One thing is for certain Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting_so_close_to (如此靠近) the burning vehicle!2(2015天津高考完形填空)One agent recommended a house in_particular (特别)Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was beyond our range, so we declined.3(2017全国卷完形填空) Although_Freddy_was_taken (尽管Freddy被带走了) from us, we all took something from Freddy.高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(补全句子/词汇替换)1(2018全国卷书面表达)Whats more, before you enjoy the meal, better make_sure you avoid making noises while chewing food.而且，在你享用这顿饭之前，最好确保在咀嚼食物时不要发出响声。2(2017全国卷书面表达) Im happy that you have gotten improved faster in Chinese.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)made_rapid_progress3(2017天津高考书面表达) To get admitted, I have made good preparations beforehand, trying to know as much as I could about my city, Tianjin.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)making_efforts4(2018全国卷书面表达)我的同学喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢踢足球。(while用作并列连词)My classmates like playing basketball, while_I_like_playing_football.5(2014四川高考书面表达)虽然一些问题对我来说似乎不太熟悉，但是它们很容易回答。(although引导让步状语从句)Although_some_of_the_questions_seem_unfamiliar_to_me,_they are easy to answer.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1up to直到；达到；到为止；忙于；胜任；由决定辨清写出下列句中up to的含义It is up to you whether we accept the present or not.由决定Some study rooms are for 23 people and others can hold up to 68 people.达到John was fired because he was not up to his work.胜任The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.忙于She continued to care for her father up to the time of his recovery.到为止记牢up to now直到现在up to then 直到那时It is up to you. 随你的便。/由你来决定。It is up to sb.to do sth. 由某人决定做某事 练通单句语法填空Its up to you to decide whether to go or not.I have_heard (hear) nothing from him up to now.用准(1)up to意为“胜任”时，通常用于疑问句或否定句中，to后面可接名词、代词或动名词。(2)up to now常与现在完成时连用。写美补全句子生活只给我们时间和空间，如何去填充它由我们决定。Life just gives us time and space.Its_up_to_us_to_decide_how_to_fill_it.2make efforts努力记牢(1)make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth.(尽一切)努力做某事spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事(2)with effort 努力地without effort 毫不费力地；容易地练通单句语法填空(2016江苏高考) More efforts, as reported, will_be_made (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.Food safety is very important, so the government spares no effort to_prevent (prevent) food pollution.It is impossible that you achieve your goal without effort, isnt it?补全句子No pains, no gains.I am sure that with_your_great_efforts,_you will enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here.不劳无获。我确信只要你们付出巨大努力，你们就会在这里享有一种丰富多彩、充实的生活。写美补全句子首先，我会努力照顾好我的家人，尤其是我年迈的祖父，因为他已经把他一生中大部分时间都致力于养育两代人。To begin with, I will make_every_effort_to_take_good_care_of_my_family,_especially my aged grandfather because he has devoted most of his life to bringing up two generations.联想表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有：do/try ones best to do sth.do all/everything in ones power to do sth.3be/get close to接近，靠近；即将发生记牢(1)close down (广播电台、电视台)停止播音；停播；(工厂等的)关闭；停业close up 关闭；停歇；靠拢；靠近；靠紧(2)close vt. 关闭adj. 实力接近的；严密的；亲密的adv. 靠近(指距离上)closely adv. 密切地；仔细地(指程度或关系的紧密)closed adj. 关闭的；封闭的；停业的练通单句语法填空The two countries are close to signing (sign) a peace agreement.If the firms failed to make enough money, they would close down.The kids seated themselves close to the teacher and listened closely with great interest.(close)用准be/get close to短语中to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。写美补全句子最重要的是，营地里呼吸的是新鲜的空气，并且这是一次接近大自然的好机会。Most importantly, the air in the camp is fresh to breathe and it_is_a_good_chance_to get_close_to_nature.句式集释while用作并列连词教材原句Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7.悟拓展例句(1)Some sports are usually done indoors, while_others_are_done_outdoors.一些运动通常在室内做，然而其他的在室外做。(2)While_I_was_sitting_in_the_classroom_and_doing_my_papers,_I felt confident and was full of energy.我坐在教室里做试卷时感到信心十足、精力旺盛。(3)While_the_Internet_is_of_great_help_to_us,_I dont think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it.尽管互联网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为在这方面花太多的时间并不是好主意。(4)We can surely overcome these difficulties while_we_are_closely_united.只要我们紧密地团结在一起，就一定能克服这些困难。析用法规则用法归纳(1)while用作并列连词，表示对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”；用来连接两个并列分句；(2)while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候”，从句谓语动词要用延续性动词；(3)while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然”；从句往往位于主句之前；(4)while用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”。注意事项(1)while还可用作名词，意为“(一段)时间”。例如：Several years ago, the famous writer put down his pen for a while. (2)when引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，while和when可以互换。背写作佳句(1)(2017天津高考书面表达) I always feel exhausted after a days study, while it is worthwhile to try my best to pursue my ideal.(要点句)(2)(2018北京高考书面表达)Then I showed them how to make tea.I sat at a table, explaining every step of the process while making tea.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空up to， make sure， make progress， make efforts， in particular， be connected with， get close to， at the bottom of1The police havent really done anything for the black community in_particular.2At_the_bottom_of the bed was the stocking, now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.3We watched the map closely to think up a practical way of getting_close_to the island.4China has made_efforts for a breakthrough in the total number of gold medals in the coming Winter Olympic Games.5When youre shopping for wood benches or tables, check to make_sure they are certified as sustainable.6If we want to make_progress in our study, above all, we must be strict with ourselves.7As is shown in the report, teenager problems are often connected_with family life and education.8Holidaymakers can save up_to 30% on a trip to Australia with the Austravel sale, which runs for about a month.根据提示补全句子/句型转换1生活就像一个杯子，而它是“杯具”还是“洗具”，由你自己决定。(up to)Life is like a cup, but its_up_to_you_to_decide whether its a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup.2(2017江苏高考书面表达)因此，电影业应更加努力吸引更多的观众。(make efforts)Therefore, the film industry should make_greater_efforts_to_attract more viewers.3(2016江苏高考书面表达)一些人从中获益，而另一些人则很迷茫，不知道应该给谁投票。(while用作并列连词)Some people benefit from it, while_others_feel_puzzled at who to vote.4I was faced with enormous difficulties, but I worked with perseverance.Although/Though/While_I_was_faced_with enormous difficulties, I worked with perseverance.5I do hope this book will be very valuable to him in his studies.I do hope this book will be of_great_value to him in his studies.读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。I just finished reading a story about a school administrator who was once a middle school teacher in a large American city. She had a lifechanging experience that I can identify_with too.After dinner one evening, she was waiting to get on the elevator and when the doors opened, she was face to face with a former student who she had made leave school. The student was not allowed to return and now, several years later, she was faced_with the same student.He had brought a BB gun to school. There were zero tolerance rules in place in the school. A BB gun, though not a deadly weapon, could still do a lot