2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Earthquakes含解析新人教版.docx

Earthquakes李仕才一、阅读理解。Whenever we see a button, we want to press it because we know that something will happen.This is true in most cases, for example, on a doorbell.But some buttons are actually fake(假的), like the “close” button on a lift.Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they dont have the patience to wait.But lifts “close” buttons are a complete trick, at least in the US.the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US., making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely.Only repair workers can use the buttons to speed up the door closing process if they have special keys.But to normal lift riders, the buttons arent completely useless.According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.“A sense of control is very important.It reduces stress and increases wellbeing，” said Ellen JLanger, a psychology professor at Harvard University.Experts also added that a lot of buttons that dont do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose.For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either.Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster, but that was before computercontrolled traffic signals were introduced.But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”， they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们平时生活中所见到的按钮可能是不起作用的。1What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo describe different fake buttons.BTo explore the functions of fake buttons.CTo analyze various habits of pushing buttons.DTo explain the disadvantages of fake buttons.B解析：写作意图题。通读整篇文章可知，作者通过举例子介绍了不同地点的虚假按钮，其目的是探求这些虚假按钮的功能。故选B。2What can we learn about the “close” buttons on a lift in America?AThey work when people press them hard.BThey were designed for a sense of control.CThey never speed up the doorclosing process.DThey take the safety of the disabled into account.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句可知， 美国电梯里的“关闭”按钮是为了确保残疾人能安全地通过。故选D。3What can we infer about pedestrian crosswalk buttons?AThey can make people feel better.BThey help computers work faster.CThey can control the traffic signals.DThey help pedestrians cross safely.A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control”和第六段中的“For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either.”可知， 人行横道按钮也没有实现其功能，但可以让人们感觉好一点，故选A。4Which may be the best title for the passage?AButtons in the US.A.BButtons Always LieCButtons May Not WorkD“Close” Buttons on LiftsC解析：标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了有些按钮只是形式上的，而不具备真正的实际功能。故C项“按钮可能不起作用”最符合文章主旨。故选C。二、单句语法填空1I _ (trap) in the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.答案：was trappedbe trapped in “被困在”。2After she heard the news, there was an excited _ (express) on her face.答案：expression由空前的“an excited”可知，应填名词 expression “表情”。3When a fire broke out at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings _ (destroy)答案：were destroyed动词destroy “毁灭；毁掉”，此处表被动，且指过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。4The meeting came to _ end and he set down many key points.答案：ancome to an end “结束”。5Dont forget to praise them _ (sincere) when someone does something good.答案：sincerely副词 sincerely “真诚地”，在此处修饰动词praise。6He was replaced by another midfielder because of his _ (injure)答案：injury由空前的his可知，应填名词injury “受伤；伤害”。7Thank you for your letter conveying _ (congratulate) on my appointment.答案：congratulations由空前的现在分词conveying可知，应填名词。congratulation “祝贺”，且常用复数形式。8The news of the sudden death of the young famous pianist came this morning, which made his fans _ (shock)答案：shocked此处形容词shocked “感到震惊的”作宾语补足语。9The government thinks _ (high) of his invention because it will benefit the whole country.答案：highlythink highly of “高度评价”，是固定搭配。10In a hurry, we arrived at a cabin in the mountain to shelter _ the rain.答案：fromshelter from the rain “躲雨”。三、完形填空。Im sitting at the airport watching people in the last minutes before their loved ones arrive or depart.A woman is running in circles trying to gather family members together for a _1_.When the final moment comes before _2_，she wraps her arms around her son，giving him a _3_ hug that should protect him until he _4_.I sit with a book in my hands，waiting my turn to leave _5_ because the ones I love have a different _6_ from mine.I think of other departures and arrivals.I _7_ seeing my daughter.I wrapped myself around her as if shed been _8_.That year she was in her first year at university，coming home for the first time.Today my flight is two hours late.When my flight is _9_ called，I gather my book and luggage._10_ there is no one to see me off，I do not _11_ to see where I have come from._12_，I think of my husband at work _13_ if I have left yet.As I head towards the plane，I find myself _14_ yet another arrival and departure.That year，my 91yearold grandfather died.After returning from his funeral，I arrived at the airport _15_.My husband of only a year was waiting at the gate to take me in his arms.Because of my tears，_16_ was looking at us，but I didnt _17_.Life needs the important _18_ all the time.I wish that all the people who went on a _19_ could come back to find someone _20_ them.I also wish they could leave with someone to see them off.1A.lecture BgoodbyeCdinner Dparty2A.gathering BboardingCannouncing Dlanding3A.powerful BgentleCwarm Dcommon4A.leaves BsurvivesCreturns Drecovers5A.frightened BanxiousCrelaxed Dalone6A.schedule BattitudeCposition Dtarget7A.imagine BenjoyCrecall Dconsider8A.stolen BcheatedClost Dpunished9A.punctually BfinallyCabruptly Drepeatedly10A.Although BWhileCTill DSince11A.slow down Bget offClook back Drun away12A.However BBesidesCInstead DTherefore13A.doubting BaskingCpredicting Dwondering14A.remembering BforgettingCplanning Drejecting15A.shouting BcryingClaughing Dwhispering16A.someone BeveryoneCnone Danyone17A.care BrespondCscold Dflee18A.arrival BchanceCdeparture Dmoment19A.journey BdietCpicnic Dholiday20A.worrying about Bsmiling atCtalking of Dwaiting for【解题导语】作者在机场看到迎接与送行的场景，回忆起与女儿和丈夫的温馨往事，意识到人生中需要欢聚与离别这些重要的时刻。【核心词汇】depart vi.离开，出发wrap ones arms around sb.用手臂搂住某人 wait ones turn to do sth.等着轮到某人做某事 think of想起，记起recall doing sth.回忆起做某事 see sb.off为某人送行at work在工作，起作用1B结合上文中出现的“arrive or depart”和下文中的“the final moment”可知，空处应该是一个告别(goodbye)的场景，故选B。2B根据语境可知，此处表示登机(boarding)前最后的时刻，故选B。3A结合下文中的“protect him”可知，母亲在儿子登机前给他一个强有力的(powerful)拥抱，故选A。gentle“温柔的”；warm“温暖的”；common“共同的，普遍的”。4C根据语境可知，快要登机的时候，母亲给了儿子一个强有力的拥抱，自然是盼望儿子能一路平安并平安归来，故选C。leave“离开”；survive“幸存，艰难渡过”；recover“恢复”。5D根据空后的“because the ones I love have a different _6_ from mine”和下文中的“there is no one to see me off”可知，作者是一个人(alone)，没有人来为她送行，所以选D。frightened“害怕的，受惊的”；anxious“焦虑的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。6A根据语境可知，作者一个人离开是因为所爱之人都有不同的日程安排。schedule“日程安排，计划表”符合语境，故选A。7C结合语境可知，作者回忆起(recall)女儿上大学第一次回家的往事，所以选C项。8C根据语境可知，作者一把抱住女儿，好像她走失了很久。lost“丢失的，遗失的”符合语境，故选C。9B结合语境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班终于(finally)通知登机了，故选B。punctually“准时地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反复地”。10D根据语境可知，“_10_ there is no one to see me off”和“I do not _11_ to see where I have come from”是因果关系，所以空处应用Since“因为，既然”。11C既然没有人来送行，作者不需要回头张望(look back)。slow down“放慢，减速”；get off“下车，离开”；run away“突然离开，逃离”。12C结合语境可知，作者没有回头张望，相反地，作者想的是，还在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已经离开。故选C项。13D参见上题解析。wonder if.“不知道是否”符合语境，故选D。14A结合语境可知，作者发现自己记得(remembering)另一件以前的迎接与送行，故选A。15B结合下文中的“Because of my tears”可知，此处应用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”； whisper“低语，悄声说”。16B此处指的是，因为作者哭泣，每个人(everyone)都在看着作者和她的丈夫。故选B。17A虽然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故选A。respond“回复，作出反应”；scold“训斥，责骂”；flee“逃离”。18D根据语境可知，人生中一直需要这样重要的时刻(moment)，故选D。arrival“到达”；chance“机会”；departure“离开”。19A根据语境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回来时都能看到有人在等待(waiting for)他们。故选A。20D参见上题解析。四、单句改错1The stone was so heavy for him to move, so he called his friends to help._答案：第一个sotootoo . to do “太而不能”。2The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, buried her head in the book in her hands._答案：buriedburying此处burying是现在分词作伴随状语。3Judged from his appearance, he seems to be rich._答案：JudgedJudgingjudging from . “由来判断”。4I think there are the number of opportunities to get more energy._答案：theaa number of opportunities “许多机会”。5The news that Donald Trump was elected President of the USA made the whole world extreme shocked._答案：extremeextremelyextremely副词“极其，非常”，此处修饰形容词shocked。五、短文改错The day before Mothers Day，everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers were what most students would do.However，I wanted to do something differently.As then I lived in school and couldnt go back home on Mothers Day，so I decided to call her and sent her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions，what were very useful，and I read it carefully.When I called my mother，however，I had the feel that someone elses words would have no meaning to her.So I gave in and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her to all she had done for me.【答案】The day before Mothers Day，everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers what most students would do.However，I wanted to do