福建专用2018年高考英语总复习课时规范练372EnvironmentalProtection北师大版.docx

Unit 22 Environmental Protection (35分钟).阅读理解A(2017吉林长春二模)Food production does great harm to our environment.There are many procedures involved in the manufacture of food that result in greenhouse gases and other pollutants.Some procedures require the consumption of large amounts of fossil fuels,such as the transportation and storage of food products.Other factors that cause great damage to our environment include the overuse of fresh water.The production of beef is more damaging to the environment than that of any other food we consume as raising large numbers of cattle requires the production of large amounts of food for the animals.Its estimated that producing one pound of beef requires seven pounds of feed.Land use is also a problem.If the cattle are free-range cattle,large areas of land are required for them to live on.This has led to disastrous forest cutting and the loss of rare plants and animal species,particularly in tropical rain forests in Central and South America.Another problem specific to beef production is methane emissions(甲烷排放).Although many people are aware of the damaging effects of carbon dioxide,they dont realize methanes global warming potential is 25 times worse,making it a more dire problem.Unfortunately,beef consumption is growing rapidly.This is the result of simple supply and demand factors.Specifically,there are two main causes of demand that are encouraging the production of more supply.First,the increase in the world population means there are more people to consume meat.The second factor is socioeconomic advancement.As citizens in developing nations become financially stable,they can afford to buy more meat.Therefore,one way to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions is for people around the world to significantly cut down on the amount of beef they eat.1.Which of the following is TRUE?A.Raising free-range cattle is eco-friendly.B.People cut down trees for animal habitats.C.Producing beef can damage the environment.D.Carbon dioxide causes far more harm than methane.2.The underlined word “dire” in paragraph 4 means.A.urgentB.commonC.typical D.avoidable3.Beef production is growing rapidly because.A.more people are in demand of beefB.developing countries raise more cattleC.more land is available to raise cattleD.the cost of raising cattle is relatively low4.The author writes this article to.A.describe the booming of the beef productionB.emphasize the advantages of beef productionC.condemn the deforestation of the rain forestD.argue for a decrease in beef consumptionB(2017安徽蚌埠质检)With alarming regularity,we read about oil tankers(油轮)having accidents near land and the terrible consequences of the oil spills(泄露)on people,nature,and the environment.Millions of dollars have been used in developing special chemicals to help dismiss the spills and to clean up the animals,beaches,and land spoiled by the oil.Unfortunately,when many of these chemicals are used,more damage is caused to the environment,especially to lives in the sea.Of all of todays environmental disasters,an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious.Although oil is poisonous,it is a natural material.In the end,it breaks down naturally.There are,of course,long-term effects,but it is usually more serious in the short term.Nature by itself works better than chemical materials,but when there is a spill we demand that governments act immediately with as much hi-tech knowledge as possible.In 1967 the tanker Torrey Canyon sank off the Sicily Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120,000 tones of oil into the ocean.If you go there today,you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened.Governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage.Interestingly,the biggest companies in the world produce cars,and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run!We should be thinking more about reducing our dependency on oil.Governments should be encouraging research into new technologies,such as cars run by solar power,electricity,hydrogen,and so on.Much of this research has,in the past,been held back by the oil,gas,and coal.If the worlds millions of cars were 10% more efficientand the industry could easily produce cars at least twice as efficientwe would need many fewer tankers crossing the oceans each year.If this happened,the risks of oil spills would be reduced,and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher,too.5.What is the passage mainly talking about?A.Oil spills pollution.B.What oil pollution is.C.Oil tanker accidents.D.How to reduce oil pollution.6.How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe?A.By having a discussion.B.By making an argument.C.By giving an example.D.By drawing a diagram.7.What does the underlined word “risk” in paragraph 5 refer to?A.Transportation depending more on oil.B.Poisonous oil breaking down naturally.C.Millions of tons of oil spilling into the sea.D.More environmental damage being caused.8.Which suggestion is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage?A.We should build safer oil tankers in the near future.B.We should develop new technologies to cut oil use.C.Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines.D.Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea.导学号07020067.七选五(2018山西运城期中)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Camping without a campfire is not camping at all.Late-night conversations and games around the campfire are essential for a pleasant camping experience.However,you ought to be aware of the fact that camping with a campfire is not all about fun.1 If you are planning to set up a campfire,or if you are planning to cook during camping,you should remember some fire safety tips.Choose a campsite which has a campfire pit(深坑).2 If there is no fire pit,set up your own.However,you should be careful not to place the fire pit near your camping tent.When you set up a campfire,make sure that you put the campfire materials in the right order.This can help you make sure that there will be no flying debris(碎片)once you light your fire.Put the light materials first such as paper or dry leaves.3 Finally,make sure that you place stones around the campfire pit.Never burn plastics or other poisonous materials,which will disturb your neighboring campground guests.It will also significantly pollute the air and promote the risk of fire spreads.4 Use it only when all the other fire-making options fail.5 Before you leave your campsite or before you go to bed,make sure that your campfire is completely out.Leaving fire unattended runs high risks of forest fires and the like.A.Then,put the wood.B.Camping can give you a lot of freedom.C.It needs a certain degree of responsibility.D.One traditional camp activity is making the campfire.E.This will ensure that you will be capable of controlling your campfire.F.Once your campfire is set up,do not leave the flame unattended.G.Do not use petrol every time you attempt to light your campfire.导学号07020068.短文改错(2017安徽六安一中月考)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下面画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ladies and gentlemen,Its my honor to give a speech here.After-class activities play a important part in our school life.Proper activities help enrich our lives,broaden our horizons or develop our personalities.Mine own experience can serve as a case.When I was in Senior One,I become a member of our drama club,that I used to visit on weekends.Because my participation in various activities organising by the club,I have achieved a lot.These activities bring me a lot of funs,provide me with good opportunities to develop new friendships and open a window through which I have a brand-new outlook.With so much advantages shown above,why not to join us at once?答案：.A【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。食品加工业对我们的环境有害。文章以牛肉的生产过程为例加以阐述,来说明此观点。并呼吁人们减少牛肉消耗,从而保护环境。1.C推理判断题。根据第二段“The production of beef is more damaging to the environment than that of any other food we consume.”可知,牛肉加工会破坏环境。2.A词义猜测题。由第三段可知,牛体内的某些微生物在进行所谓的甲烷生成过程中会产生大量的甲烷,甲烷的危害是二氧化碳危害的25倍多,因此这个问题需要大家予以更加“急切的”关注。dire和urgent意义相近。3.A细节理解题。由第五段“This is the result of simple supply and demand factors.”可知,牛肉加工业迅速发展是因为供需关系而导致的,更多的人需要牛肉。4.D写作意图题。由文章最后一段,尤其是其中的“cut down on the amount of beef they eat”可知,本文写作目的是呼吁人们少吃牛肉,以减少对环境的破坏。B【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。石油在海上运输过程中发生泄漏会对人、自然及环境造成伤害。5.A主旨大意题。阅读全文,尤其根据第一段开篇点