2019高考英语词汇（18）练习（含解析）.docx

词汇（18）复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）【单句单词语法填空】1、Little Tom sat _(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him. 答案：amazedamazed意为“感到吃惊的”，常修饰人。句意：小汤姆吃惊地坐在那儿看着猴子在他面前跳舞。拓展：These soldiers spent three days in the old weather，cold and hungry.这些士兵们又冷又饿，在严寒的天气中过了三天。2 It was _(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 答案：considerateconsiderate“考虑周到的，体贴的”，常用结构It is considerate of sb. to do sth。句意：迈克尔告知我们他耽搁了一些时间，以防我们担心，真是太考虑周到了。3(2015江苏，31改编)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and_(comprehension) review of the case. 答案：comprehensivecomprehensive“全面的，详尽的”。句意：警官们决定对这个案件做一个彻底、详尽的审查。4(2014课标全国，70改编)Just be _(patience). 答案：patient句意为：要耐心。设空前为系动词be，因此要用提示词的形容词形式作表语，故填patient。5(2014湖北，27改编)What was so _(impress) about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted. 答案：impressive句意为：贾丝明韦斯特兰的胜利给人印象很深的是，她赤脚取得了马拉松的第一名。设空处和前面的系动词was构成系表结构，所以用形容词作表语。impressive意为“给人印象深刻的”。核心单词1.monument n.纪念碑，纪念物2.moral adj. 道德上的，道义上的，道德的3.motivation n. (做事的)动机4.mountainous adj. 多山的5.movement n. 运动，活动6.murder vt. 谋杀7.museum n. 博物馆，博物院8.musician n. 音乐家，乐师9.nationality n. 国籍10.nationwide adj. 全国范围内的，全国性的11.native adj. 本土的，本国的12.natural adj. 自然的13.necessary adj. 必需的，必要的14.neglect vt. 忽视，忽略；疏忽15.negotiate vt.& vi. 协商，谈判，商定16.noisy adj. 喧闹的，嘈杂的17.normal adj. 正常的；标准的n. 正常；标准18.note n. 便条，笔记，注释；纸币vt. 记下；注意19.novelist n. 小说家20.observe v. 看到，注意到；观察21.obtain vt. 获得；得到22.obvious adj. 明显的，显然的，显而易见的23.occupation n. 职业；工作；占有，拥有24.occur vi. 发生；出现；(主意、想法等在脑海中)被想起25.offer n.& vt. 提供；建议 重点短语1.in the form of. 以的形式in the direction of. 朝方向in the hope of. 怀着的希望2.in surprise 惊奇地take.by surprise 使吃惊to ones surprise 令某人吃惊的是3.in turn 依次；轮流；反过来；转而in return 作为回报；作为报答in return for 作为的交换；作为的报答in reward 回报，报答in exchange for 交换，调换【阅读理解】If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).Over time，this can cause serious injuries.Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy，jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary，and it may be harmful.”The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，“You dont actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldnt actually do too much”.1.The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph l is closest in meaning to“_”.A. hardB. regularC. practicalD. flexible2.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to _.A. suggest giving up joggingB. show risks of doing sportsC. provide supportive evidenceD. introduce the research process3.According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful？A. It may injure the heart and arteries.B. It can make the body tired out.C. It will bring much pressure.D. It consumes too much energy.4.What can be inferred from the text?A. No exercise at all is the best choice.B. More exercise means a healthier life.C. Marathons runners are least likely to die.D. Proper exercise contributes to good health.【文章大意】本文主要讲述了做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益。1.A 【解析】考查词义推测。hard耗费体力的；regular有规律的；practical实际的；flexible灵活的。由第一段最后一句“According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.”可知，一点不做运动的人和非常艰苦锻炼的人都极有可能死，故应选A。3.A 【解析】考查细节理解。由第二段倒数第二句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).”可知，做过多的运动有害是因为它可能伤害心脏和动脉，故应选A。4.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益，故应选D。写作句式there be句型1.Many students may think that they can just use a computer, so there is no need to waste time improving handwriting.许多学生可能认为他们只使用电脑，因此没有必要浪费时间提高书法。2.There is no denying that it was my teachers encouragement and help that resulted in my steady progress.不可否认是老师的鼓励和帮助让我稳步前进。3.(2013四川高考满分作文)There is a famous saying that “Good habits lead to good endings.”， which shows the importance of habits.有句名言说：“好习惯带来好结果。”，这表明了习惯的重要性。我读我练.词汇应用 1.It was obvious(显然的) that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.2.There is a heated discussion on whether museums_(博物馆) should charge for admission or not.3.Although we suffer from many serious natural(nature) disasters, we are sure to overcome all difficulties.4.The street is crowded and _noisy(noise) because the traffic lights at the crossing dont work.5.If we smile at life, life will smile on us in_return(作为回报).6.Dick found himself walking in_the_direction_of_(朝方向) Mikes place.句式仿写1.对我们而言，已经没有时间来仔细考虑了。There_has_been_no_time_left_for us to think it over.2.我们学校有各种各样的课下活动，这些活动对我们很有益。There_are_a_variety_of_afterclass_activities in our school, which benefit us a lot.3.众所周知，熊猫生活在有大量竹子的地方。It is well known that the panda lives where_there_is_plenty_of_bamboo.【练习】Living without an aim is like sailing without compass.If there is no aim in our lives，we will get lose. Last term，I couldnt accept the truth which I failed in my math examination.I decided to give it up，so I skipped from classes frequently.Considered my case，my teacher offered me several detailed approach and advised me to set a shortterm goal to improve my math.Finally，I work harder than ever and made great progress in her math.In my opinion，success lies in a series of goals.However，we should remember to make our targets clearly and spare no effort to realize our dreams.【答案】Living without an aim is like sailing without compass.If there is no aim in our lives，we will get . Last term，I couldnt accept the truth I failed in my math examination.I decided to give it up，so I skipped classes frequently. my case，my teacher offered me several detailed and advised me to set a shortte