2018届高考英语一轮复习Unit4FoodandCulture学案重庆大学版.docx

Unit 4Food and Culture一、单词写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.pretendvi.假装2.spotvt. 认出；发现n. 现场；污渍3.burstvi. 突然爆发；爆裂；迸裂4.gazevi. 盯；凝视n. 注视；凝视5.typicaladj. 典型的6.agriculturen. 农业7.supplyn. 供给(物)8.trustn. 信任；信赖9.owevt. 应该给予(感激、尊敬等)；欠(某物，尤指钱)10.translator n翻译者translatevt.翻译translationn翻译11.permit vt./vi.允许；准许 n许可permissionn允许；准许12.tremble vi.发抖；颤抖tremblingadj.发抖的；战栗的13.instant adj.立即的instantlyadv.立即地；即刻地14.crowd n人群vi.拥挤crowdedadj.拥挤的；人多的15.predict vt./vi.预知；预言；预报predictionn预测，预告16.inspire vt./vi.激励，激发inspiredadj.受到鼓舞的；深受启发的inspiringadj.令人鼓舞的；有启发意义的inspirationn灵感；鼓舞17.religious adj.宗教的；虔诚的religionn宗教；宗教信仰1.Instantly (instant) he met Cuddles, he knew he was making the right choice.2.They are both very religious (religion) and feel it is a gift from God.3.Feeling excited, my father opened the letter with trembling (tremble) hand.4.I saw crowds of people crowd into the shop; the shop must have been crowded with people.(crowd)5.As a prophet (预言家), though he tried his best to predict everything, the majority of predictions he made were often wrong.(predict)6.When asked where her inspiration of the novel came from, she said her fathers inspiring words inspired her to write it.(inspire)7.Even if you have a permit,_I wont permit you to enter the hall without my permission.(permit)8.George is a wellknown translator and he has translated scores of novels into foreign languages. His translation is said to be accurate.(translate)1.后缀ed形容词集锦crowded拥挤的astonished 吃惊的frightened 害怕的terrified 恐惧的developed 发达的embarrassed 不安的2.后缀or名词大观园translator翻译者director 导演actor 行动者educator 教育者inventor 发明家conductor 售票员3.ow开头词小结owe v欠，亏欠 own v. 拥有adj. 自己的 owner n. 拥有者 ownership n. 所有权4.“允许，许可”单词集合permit v允许，许可admit v. 准许入内allow v. 准许，允许approve v. 同意；批准approval n. 赞同；批准二、短语写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.be_forced_to_do_sth.被迫做某事2.manage_to_do_sth. 设法成功地做某事3.at_a_distance 在远处4.with_all_ones_heart 全心全意地5.keep_._in_mind_ 把记在心中6.all_by_oneself 全由(某人)自己做7.keep_silent 保持安静8.be_puzzled 被弄得很迷惑9.share_sth._with_sb. 和某人一起分享某物/事10.live_on 以为生11.be_fond_of 喜爱12.come_across 偶然读到；偶遇13.die_from 因而死14.be_thankful_for 为而感恩15.be_helpful_to_. 对有帮助1.The old man came_across some old photographs in the ruins and felt very happy.2.At first he was opposed to the project, but we managed_to argue him into accepting it.3.Sorry to say that his father died_from an accident last month.4.Much to my annoyance, he kept_silent about some of the things that happened at school. 5.I can hardly live_on the wage Im getting; there is no money for luxuries.6.And you also should keep it in_mind that comparing notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study.(2015四川高考书面表达)三、句式1.distance短语一览at/from a distance离一段距离in the distance 在远处at a distance of 在的距离keep sb. at a distance 对冷淡2.mind短语速记keep/bear in mind记住read ones mind 看懂某人的心思change ones mind 改变主意make up ones mind 下决心3.“v.across”短语荟萃come across偶遇get across 使明白run across 穿过；碰到go across 穿过，通过背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.Cooking is different from country to countryeven though the basic ingredients may be very much the same.尽管基本的配料或许完全一样，不同的国家对饭菜的做法是不同的。even though引导让步状语从句。尽管金钱对于生活是必不可少的，但是它买不到幸福。Even_though_money_is_necessary_to_life,_it cant buy happiness.2.Its very nice of you to say so.你这么说真是太好了。“It isadj./n.of sb. to do .”结构，其中it为形式主语。凯特丢了这么多东西，真是太粗心了。It_is_careless_of_Kate_to_lose so many things.3.I think your food is, generally speaking, cold while ours is, generally speaking again, cooked, and you eat a lot of frozen food.我认为你们的食物总的来说是冷食，而我们的食物总的来说是熟食。并且，你们吃很多冷冻食品。while 引导并列句，表转折对比。东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。There is plenty of rain in the southeast, while_theres_little_in_the_northwest.第一板块核心单词归纳集释1permit vt./vi.允许；准许n.许可，准许；通行证高考佳句The party will be held in the garden, weather permitting.(2012全国卷单选)如果天气允许的话，聚会将在花园里举行。(1)permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事permit (ones) doing sth. 允许(某人)做某事天气/时间允许的话(3)without permission 不被允许Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to_cook (cook) in the kitchen.(2015天津高考)住在带有厨房的大楼里的学生只被允许在厨房做饭。My parents wont permit my going (go) with you tonight.我父母不允许今晚我和你一起去。联想发散动词permit 的常见用法为：permit doing sth./sb. to do sth.，用法类似的动词还有：allow doing sth./sb. to do sth.允许(某人)做某事forbid doing sth./sb. to do sth. 禁止(某人)做某事advise doing sth./sb. to do sth. 建议(某人)做某事encourage doing sth./sb. to do sth. 鼓励(某人)做某事2pretend vi./vt.假装；装作教材原句She pretended that nothing had happened, but the trick didnt escape my eyes.她假装什么都没有发生过，但是那花招并未逃过我的眼睛。pretend that .假装pretendMary pretended not to_see me when I passed by, which made me very angry. 当我从玛丽身边经过的时候，她假装没看见我，这让我非常生气。She pretended to_be_doing her homework when I entered the room.当我走进房间时，她假装正在做作业。When her mother came in, she pretended to_have_fallen_asleep.当她妈妈进来的时候，她假装已经睡着了。名师指津和pretend有类似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done)的动词还有happen, appear, seem, claim等及be said to结构。3burst vi.(burst, burst)突然爆发；爆裂；迸裂n.突然破裂；爆发教材原句Mother burst into laughter，and then into tears, as my wife and I shared with her all her sorrow and joy. 母亲突然笑了，然后哭了起来，因为我的妻子和我与她分享她所有的悲伤和喜悦。(1)burst in/intobreak in/into闯入；突然破门而入(2)burst out 突然迸发；爆发 突然哭起来/笑起来burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支(3)a burst of 一阵burst of anger/enthusiasm/temper etc.怒火/热情/脾气等的爆发Last night the room was_burst/broken_into but nothing was taken away.昨晚有人闯入房间但没有带走任何东西。She burst out crying (cry) for a while, and burst into laughter (laugh) for another moment, which left us at a loss.她一会儿突然哭起来，一会儿又突然笑起来，这使我们一头雾水。4owe vt.应该给予(感激，尊敬等)；欠(某物，尤指钱)；归功于经典例句Thanks for sticking up for me, I owe you a favour.谢谢你支持我，我欠你一个人情。(1)owe sb.an apology该向某人道歉owe sb.a favour 欠某人一个人情owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb. 欠某人某物(2)owe .to . 把归功于owe it to sb. that . 多亏了某人(3)owing to 因为；由于These early settlers owed_their_survival_to hard work and determination to succeed.这些早期移民把他们的幸存归功于艰苦劳动和追求成功的决心。I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.多亏你帮忙，我才及时完成了工作。名师指津如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在句尾。.基础点全练(单句语法填空/补全句子)1His house is crowded (crowd) with people who come to visit him every day.2Passengers are permitted to_carry (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. 3He left the party seconds before smoke was spotted rising (rise) along the stairs.4He owes it to his doctors care that he is quite well again.5Would you mind if I gaze at you for a few seconds? 6The trembling (tremble) leaves of this tree touched my heart. 7It_is_predicted_that (有人预测) the use of cloud platforms could triple in the next couple of years.8Greatly_inspired_by_what_he_did (受他所做事情的极大鼓舞), I joined him in helping others.重难点多练1pretend面面观根据汉语提示完成片段As Tom wasnt interested in his lessons, whenever there was an exam, he would pretend_that_he_was_ill/pretend_to_be_ill (假装生病)Last week, he pretend_a_headache (假装头痛) when the teacher was going to give a quiz. He pretended_to_be_suffering_great_pain (假装正痛得厉害) during the quiz. An hour later, when the quiz was finished, he pretended_to_have_recovered (假装已经好了). What a guy!2burst点点练(1)介、副词填空Suddenly,the group burst into Laughter.On seeing Jay Chou appear on the stage, the audience burst out cheering.Knowing his son has been admitted into Harvard University, the father burst with joy.(2)补全句子当我正在院子里看书时，一只熊冲了进来，我吓得立刻放声大哭起来。A bear burst_in when I was reading books in the yard. I was frightened to burst_out_crying at once.阅读词汇专练根据语境选出spot的词性和词义(A)n.地点；场所(B)n.污点，污渍(C)n.斑点,(D)v.玷污 (E)v.认出)1This is the spot where the two men met for the first time._A_2He thought that the scandal spotted his character._D_3All apples with soft spots were rejected._C_4There are some spots on the kids clothes._B_5She spotted her friend in the crowd._E_第二板块短语句型归纳集释1manage to do sth.设法成功地做某事高考佳句One can always manage to do more things, no matter how full ones schedule is in life.(2013辽宁高考单选)一个人不论他生活中的日程有多么满，总是能设法做更多的事情。manage sth.完成(困难的事)manage with/without sb./sth. 用应付/没有也能应付manage on sth. 凑合着活下去；支撑manage it 能做到I dont know how she manages on her own with four kids.我真不知道她一个人是怎么养活那四个孩子的。Thank you all the same.I can manage_it myself.还是要谢谢你。我自己能行。名师指津manage to do sth.相当于succeed in doing sth.，表示“成功地做了某事”，重在结果；try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，重在动作，不一定成功。No matter what happened, I tried to finish my task on schedule. Luckily, with my teachers timely help, I managed to finish it ahead of time.无论发生什么，我尽力按时完成任务。幸运的是，在老师的及时帮助下，我成功地提前完成了任务。2come across偶然读到；偶遇；穿过(路、桥)；发现高考佳句So when wecome acrosswords we dont understand, it can help us find out their meanings.(2014湖南高考满分作文)因此当我们遇到不理解的单词时，它能帮助我们弄清词义。come along出现，到来；一起去；进展come up with 提出come about 发生come out 出现，出版；(花)开放；结果是come to 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到when it comes to . 当谈到(to为介词)Whoever can come_up_with the answer to the question in a few minutes is allowed to leave.无论谁在几分钟之内想出这个问题的答案都允许离开。When_it_comes_to our class, I have to say that I cant stand some classmates selfishness.(2015广东高考读写任务)当谈到我们班的时候，我不得不说我不能忍受一些同学的自私。3I think your food is, generally speaking, cold while ours is, generally speaking again, cooked, and you eat a lot of frozen food.我认为你们的食物总的来说是冷食，而我们的食物总的来说是熟食。并且，你们吃很多冷冻食品。句中while为并列连词，表示对比。while的用法归纳：(1)连接并列句，表示对比或转折，意为“而；然而”。此时，while一般位于句中。Some people waste food while_others_havent_enough.有些人浪费粮食，然而另外一些人却吃不饱。(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候；和同时”，此时的主从句谓语动作同时发生，从句谓语通常是延续性动词。While_giving_us_a_speech,_the professor fainted all of a sudden.教授给我们做演讲的时候，突然间晕倒了。(3)引导让步状语从句，通常位于句首，意为“尽管；虽然”。While_never_a_big_eater,_he did snack a lot.他虽然胃口从来都不大，但零食确实是吃的很多。(4)引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，其意思和用法相当于as long as。while可位于句首，也可位于句中。You dont have to worry while_we_are_here.只要我们在，你就不用担心。.基础点全练1单句语法填空/补全句子She got a chair for herself, and placed it at a distance from both of us.He finds it hard to live on his state pension.The spy was caught alive though he died from wounds the next day.I can manage to_come (come) tomorrow night, if that will suit you.While walking (walk) down a dark street one evening, I heard screams coming from behind the bushes. I was puzzled (puzzle) by what he had said to me.You should keep_in_mind (把记在心中) what I have said. I am_fond_of (喜爱) singing while my deskmate enjoys dancing.2运用所学短语、句型完成片段On my way home, I came_across (偶遇) an old man who was begging at_a_distance (在远处). Even_though_he_was_cold_and_hungry (即使他又冷又饿), he was still lying on the ground.He had no money to live_on (以为生). I didnt figure out why he made a living all_by_himself (全靠自己). Was he abandoned by his own sons and daughters? Without hesitation, I tried my best to help him. He was_thankful_for (为而感恩) my help. Keep_in_mind (把记在心中) that everyone will get old. Why not treat your parents kindly? .重难点多练come相关短语一站清(1)介、副词填空She came across an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.This is not the first time that passengers concerns over the service on planes have come up.When it comes to history, he knows nothing.(2)用come的相关短语完成片段Yesterday when walking in the street, I came_across Li Hua; he told me his experiment came_along very successfully and his research paper would come_out. It was predicted that the number of people who can benefit from his research will come_to 1,000,000 a year.单句语法填空1They were taken to the police station as they had entered the area without permission/being_permitted (permit)2He pretended to_be_reading (read) an important document when the boss came in.3The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India, from where it is exported to some countries.4The little girl burst out crying (cry) when she fell down.5It is typical of Bob to_do (do) a disappearing act just when theres work to be done!6Your house is always so neat how do you manage it with three children?7He felt so cold that he kept trembling (tremble) as if unable to bear it any more.8That region has plenty of natural resources while this one has none.9I can use the computer. But when it comes to repairing (repair) it, I know nothing.10Inspired (inspire) by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder.单句改错1The same subject has been come up in our conversation several times.去掉been2How did it come across that humans speak so many different languages？acrossabout3He does not earn enough money to live.live后加on4Its clever for you to work out the math problem in such a short time.forof5Jane, together with her parents, go to the park every Sunday.gogoes6We need to keep in mind that our goals are. thatwhat7Weather permits, we will go to the Great Wall tomorrow.permitspermitting8Some basketball fans burst into crying the instant they heard Tracy McGrady retire from NBA. cryingtears或intoout.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文People said that a big fire broke out in Li Mings village not long ago. Even_though (即使) many people succeeded in putting out the fire at once, unfortunately many houses were destroyed and an old man died_from (因而死) the fire. Li Mings house was burnt down, too. What should they live_on (以为生)? Faced with this situation, many people donated many things that were_helpful_to (对有帮助) the villagers with_all_their_heart (全心全意地). They are very kind to help the villagers. A new house has been put up for Li Mings family now. Meanwhile, Li Mings life has returned to normal and he_is_thankful_for (为而感恩) the great help. And he can carry on with his study in his school.(二)按要求将词汇句式升级1用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分(1)succeeded in putting outmanaged_to_put_out(2)at onceinstantly2按要求改写句式(1)用It was said that .改写句_It_was_said_that_a_big_fire_broke_out_in_Li_Mings_village_not_long_ago.(2)用it 作形式主语改写句It_is_very_kind_of_them_to_help_the_villagers.课下练熟高考阅读理解提速练练速度(限时：20分钟)ASydney International Boat ShowThursday, 28 July to Monday, 1 August, 2016Darling Harbour and Glebe Island, SydneyDoors open 10：00Finish 20：00Special informationThis event is held over two locations, Cockle Bay Marina at Darling Harbour and the Sydney Exhibition Centre at Glebe Island.You can start your day at either location.Your event ticket includes travel on a special free event ferry shuttle (往返) service between Darling Harbour and Glebe Island.Note：There is no walker access to the Sydney Exhibition Centre at Glebe Island.Take advantage of free event ferries from Darling Harbour or free event buses from Central Station Ferry.A special free event ferry service will run regularly between Convention Wharf in Darling Harbour and the Sydney Exhibition Centre at Glebe Island from 9：00.The journey takes around 25 minutes.The last ferry to the exhibition centre leaves Darling Harbour at 19：00, while the final service back to Darling Harbour leaves Glebe Island at 20：30.You can also start your day at the Boat Show by catching a regular Sydney Ferries service to Darling Harbour from Circular Quay.Note：Travel on regular Sydney Ferries is not included in you event ticket.Also keep in mind that on weekends ferries are very popular and services may reach capacity (容量)Sydney Ferries services are operating to normal timetables.For more information see ferry maps and timetables.1How can you go to Darling Harbour from Glebe Island?ABy ferry.BBy bus.COn foot. DBy bicycle.解析：选A细节理解题。根据Special information部分中第二段的“.travel on a special free event ferry shuttle service between Darling Harbour and Glebe Island.”可知，在Darling Harbour和Glebe Island之间有免费的渡船，故正确答案为A。2The last ferry from Glebe Island to Darling Harbour leaves at _.A10：00B19：00C20：00 D20：30解析：选D细节理解题。根据Special information部分中第五段的“.while the final service back to Darling Harbour leaves Glebe Island at 20：30.”可知，最后一班从Glebe Island回到Darling Harbour的渡轮离开在20：30。故正确答案为D。3According to this passage, which of the following statements is true?AYou have to come near to the Sydney Exhibition Centre on foot.BFree event buses are always served from Darling Harbour.CSometimes ferries on weekends will be overcrowded.DYou dont have to pay on regular Sydney Ferries.解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段的内容可知，周末渡船很受人欢迎。因为人满为患，乘船要限定载客量。B(2017重庆育才中学高三第一次诊断)Families should not waste their money on organic food, the government has warned. They should instead spend their money on whatever they can afford, even if it means eating frozen vegetables. The government now faces calls to end 20 million of subsidies to organic farming.A recent study in the BritishJournalofNutrition found organic crops have up to 60 percent more antioxidants (抗氧化物) than nonorganic crops. But critics claim there is still no evidence that organic food is a healthier option. Amid growing concern that too few people are eating enough fruit and vegetables, the government is at pains to stress that families feeling the pinch should not waste their money on organic food. Just 30 percent of people meet the recommendation to eat five or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day.Government frontbencher (前座议员) Baroness Jolly said, “Organic products provide a useful extension of consumer choice, but it is worth emphasizing that, nutritionally, they are no better and no worse than conventional products. The only benefit of organic farming was enjoyed by birds, insects，mammals and plants.”“It is up to the consumers t