初中英语代词与名词精讲精练.ppt

代词与名词,miss yang,A: What are these? B: These are pigs.,A: What are these? B: These are rabbits.,these , those,these表示近的人或物; those 表示远的人或物.,代 词 （一）指示代词 this, that, these, those,1. this, these 表示近的人或事物, that, those表示远的人或事物; 2. this, that 表示单数,these, those 表示复数.,指示代词的基本用法： 一、指示代词在句子中可做主语、表语、宾语和定语。 1那是个好主意。That is a good idea. 2 我想要的是那个/这个。What I want is that /this. 3 你喜欢这个，而我却喜欢那个。You like this but I like that. 4那些书有什么用处呢？ What is the use of those books? Note: This is an old tree.= This tree is old.,二、 指示代词的特殊用法 1 、为了避免重复，可用that, those 代替前面提到过的事物，但this, these是一般不可用于这种代替。 The weather in Kunming is better than that(=the weather) in Beijing. Her interests are different from those(=the interests) of her childhood. 2、 this , that 有时可代夫句子或句子中的一部分 He was ill. That s why he didnt come. The little boy broke the window, and that cost him 10 dollars.,二、疑问代词和疑问副词）,What意思是“什么”，可以问“什么东西、什么职业、什么事情”等。 Where意思是“在哪里”，询问地点 When意思是“什么时候”，询问时间，可以是时刻或日期等。 How old意思是“多大”，问年龄。 How many意思是“多少”，问数量，后面常跟可数名词的复数形式。,what is = whats where is = wheres when is =whens,简写：,M: Whos the letter from? L : (1) _.,M: Whats his name? L : (2) _.,M: Where does he live? L: (3)_.,M: How old is he? L: (4)_.,M: How many brothers and sisters does he have? L: (5) _.,M: What is his hobby? L: (6) _.,Its from my penfriend,His name is simon,He lives in the UK,Hes 12 years old,He has one brother,His hobby is playing chess,Li Jie and her mother are talking about Simon.,Read the conversation between Sally and Li Jie and complete the questions with question words. Then shorten the answers to the number of words in brackets.,_ does Simon live?,He lives in Newcastle.,2. _ does Simons brother work as?,He works as an accountant.,3. _ does Simon want to be?,He wants to be an engineer.,5. _ sports does Simon play in the winter?,He play two sports in winter.,4. _ do Simons parents own?,Simons parents own a Chinese restautant.,6. _ does Simon travel to school?,He walks to school.,Where,What,What,What,How many,How,1.What is your favorite subject？ 2.Where do you live? 3.How old are you? 4.When do you get up every morning? 5.How many people are there in your family? 6.What do your father do?,What about doing sth “做.怎么样？”也是提出建议的常用句型，可与How about doing sth 互换。 e.g. What about climbing the Baiyun Hills this Saturday? How about climbing the Baiyun Hills this Saturday? 这个星期六去爬白云山怎么样？,why not do sth/ why dont you do sth可与what about doing sth 互换。,Why not go to see a film? =Why dont you go to see a film?,=What about going to see a film?,Why not do sth “为什么不做.呢？”其逻辑主语一般是you，可与why dont you do sth互换。 e.g.I dont know what to do this Saturday. 我不知道这周六干什么。 Why not go to see a film? Why dont you go to see a film? 为什么（你）不去看一场电影呢？,名词的数,不可数名词,可数名词,不规则变化,复数,规则变化,单数,名词,Rules,规则变化： 1. 加词尾是s; 2.以th 结尾的名词加s; 3以s,-x,-z, -ch,-sh结尾加es; 4.以辅音结尾加y结尾的名词，变y改i再加es; 5, 以-f, -fe结尾的，把f, fe变为v,再加es; 6. 有些以f结尾的只加s; 7.以辅音o结尾的一般加es或s； 8.词末为两个元音字母oo,-io的名词只加s.,Please change the nouns into the plural form.,1. map , book, bag, rose, garage 2.bath, mouth, path, youth 3.class, box, bench, brush, buzz 4.city, family, country 5.leaf, shelf, wife, knife 6.roof, chief 7.hero, tomato, piano, photo 8.bamboo, zoo, radio, studio 9. foot, man, woman, mouse, tooth, goose, sheep, deer, policeman, German,a piece of paper,two pieces of paper,paper,a cup of coffee,two cups of coffee,coffee,用量词修饰不可数名词的数,表示不可数名词数量的单位词,1. a piece of 2.a bit of 3.a cake of 4.a bar of 5.a drop of 6.a grain of 7.a head of,1. 一块，一根，一条，一张 2.一点 3.一块 4.一块 5.一滴 6.一颗 7.一头,表示不可数名词数量的单位词,8. a bott