英语主语从句、就近原则知识点.ppt

Subject clause and principle of proximity,Group four,赵迎丽、孙彩凤、朱玫璇、尚银奎,Subject clause,What is the subject of the sentence is a sentence.（在句子中担当主语的是一个句子，这个从句就叫作主语从句。）,主语从句,一、由连词that, whether引导的主语从句 连词that, whether在从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它在从句中不担任成分，不能省略 eg：1、That the earth is round is true.地球是圆的，是一个事实。 2、Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow （主语从句）remains （系动词）unknown（表语） 我们明天是否郊游现在还不清楚 二、连接代词：what, whatever, who, which，whoever 连接副词： when, where, how, why,连接代词和连接副词都可以引导主语从句，它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语和状语，不能省略，翻译时，不能把它们译为疑问句。 eg：1、Who let out the news remained unknown.谁泄漏了那个消息仍旧无人知道。 2、When well start is not clear. 我们何时出发还不清楚。,三、以关系代词what, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever引导的主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序。 eg： 1、What he said at the meeting is important. 他在会上所说的事情是重要的。 2、 Whoever leaves the office should tell me. 无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。,四、用it作形式主语的主语从句结构。 1、It is +名词+从句 2、It is +形容词+从句 3、It is +过去分词+从句 4、It +不及物动词+从句 5、It +某些固定结构+ 主语从句 eg：It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish. 鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。 It is doubtful whether she will be able to come. 她是否能来令人怀疑。,A little rest,Good Boy Little Robert asked his mother for two cents. “What did you do with the money I gave you yesterday?“ “I gave it to a poor old woman,“ he answered. “Youre a good boy,“ said the mother proudly. “ Here are two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman?“ “She is the one who sells the candy.“,小罗伯特向妈妈要两分钱。 “昨天给你的钱干什么了？” “我给了一个可怜的老太婆，”他回答说。 “你真是个好孩子，”妈妈骄傲地说。“再给你两分钱。可你为什么对那位老太太那么感兴趣呢？” “她是个卖糖果的。”,principle of proximity,就近原则： 1、“there be句型; or ; either or； nor; neithernor； whetheror； notbut; not onlybut also“ ; eg：What he does or what he says does not concern me .他的行为或言谈都与我无关. Neither you nor I am wrong .你和我都没错.,2、在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致. eg：In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people .在远处,能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声. There is a pen and some books on the desk .=There are some books and a pen on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书.,Far principle,就远原则： 就远原则就是依主语来决定,有：as much as. rather than. more than. no less than. as well as. in addition to. With. eg：1、Nobody but t