2019届高考英语一轮训练选模块6Unit3Understandingeachother牛津译林版.docx

Unit 3 Understanding each other一、阅读理解。Doctors in hospital emergency rooms often see accidental poisonings. A frightened parent arrives with a child who swallowed a cleaning liquid. Or perhaps the harmful substance is a medicine. Or it might be a chemical product meant to kill insects. These are common causes of accidental poisoning.In cases like this, seek medical help as soon as possible. Save the container of whatever caused the poisoning. And look on the container for information about anything that stops the effects of the poison. Save anything expelled from the mouth of the victim. That way, doctors can examine it.Millions of people know a way to save a person who is choking on something trapped in the throat. The method is commonly known as the Heimlich Maneuver or abdominal thrusts(腹部按压), which you can do by getting directly behind a sitting or standing person. Put your arms around the victims waist. Close one hand to form a ball. Place it over the upper part of the stomach, below the ribs. Place the other hand on top. Then push forcefully inward and upward. Repeat the abdominal thrusts until the object is expelled from the mouth. For someone who is pregnant or very fat, place your hands a little higher than with normal abdominal thrusts.Red Cross experts say taking these steps can save many lives. But they also warn that abdominal thrusts are not for people who have almost drowned. They say use of the method could delay other ways to re-start breathing in the victim. Abdominal thrusts should be used only in cases where a near-drowning victim is choking on an object.To learn more about first aid, ask a hospital or organization like a Red Cross or Red Crescent Society for information. There may be training classes offered in your area.1. According to the first paragraph, which of the following is NOT the common cause of accidental poisonings?A. A harmful medicineB. A cleaning liquidC. Poisonous insectsD. Dangerous pesticide(杀虫剂)2. The underlined word “expelled” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by “_ ”.A. coming outB. taking upC. going awayD. getting down3. Why abdominal thrusts are not for people who have almost drowned?A. Because people are unwilling to attempt rescue effortsB. Because it is hard to performC. Because it is no need to do soD. Because it could hold up other ways to re-start breathing in the victim4. What is the authors purpose in writing this text?A. To promote medical researchB. To share some knowledge about first aidC. To show how to perform abdominal thrustsC.To help people deal with accidental poisoning【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了意外中毒的主要原因及急救方法。1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的介绍可知，有害的药物、清洁剂及杀虫剂都是意外中毒的主要原因，而没有提到有毒的昆虫。3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They say use of the method could delay other ways to re-start breathing in the victim. ”可知，腹部按压不适合溺水者是因为它会延迟受害者以其他的方式重新开始 呼吸。4. B 【解析】文章意图题。根据最后一段中的“To learn more about first aid, ask a hospital or organization like a Red Cross or Red Crescent Society for information.”可知，这篇文章的目的是促进关于急救常识的医学研究。二、单项选择。1.Im afraid I cant go to the cinema with you. Ive got a bad headache.Oh, I am sorry. _ take a couple of aspirins and lie down for a bit? Youll be all right in half an hour.A. Why wont you B. Why didnt you C. Why dont you D. Why you not【答案】C【解析】Why dont you 表示建议。句意： “我恐怕不能和你一起去看电影啦！我头疼得很厉害。 ” “呵，对不起啊！那你为什么不服用两片阿司匹林躺会儿呢？半小时后你就会好的。 ”2.If you have let yourself go, you should consider _ something about it for the sake of your health.And I consider the advice of mine _ you.A. to do, to benefit B. to have done, benefitingC. doing, to benefit D. doing, benefiting【答案】C【解析】第一个 consider 作“考虑”解，后面应该跟动名词做宾语。第二个 consider 作“认为”解，后面应该跟不定式做宾语补足语。句意：你以前要是对自己不管不顾，你现在就应该为了自己的健康而考虑一下做些什么了。我认为我的这条建议对你是有益处的。3.Hes _ is known as a “bellyacher” . Hes always complaining about some thing.A. who B. whom C. what D. which【答案】C【解析】what is known as 意思是“大家所熟悉的，所谓的” 。what is known as a “bellyacher”在句中作表语，用于说明 he 的身份、职业等。句意：他是那种大家所熟悉的牢骚满腹的人总是怨这怨那。4._ here yesterday, he could have seen Jackie Chen.A. If Bob has come B. If Bob came C. Had Bob come D. If Bob should come【答案】C【解析】句意：要是鲍勃昨天在这儿，他可能会看到成龙。根据时间状语 yesterday 可知是对过去事实的假设，故用过去完成式，用 If Bob had come.，省略为 Had Bob come。5.Why didnt Tom give you one of his stamps?I didnt want one, he would have given me one if I _.A. did B. Would C. will D. had【答案】D【解析】根据 would have given 可推测本句表示对过去的虚拟， 所以 if 从句中应使用过去完成时(had done)， if I had 是 if I had wanted one 的省略形式。6.If Susan _ for ten more minutes at the party last night, she might have met Johnny Depp, the famous Hollywood star.A. stayed B. would stay C. had stayed D. would have stayed【答案】C【解析】句意：如果昨天晚上 Susan 在聚会上多停留十分钟，她可能就遇见了好莱坞著名的明星，Johnny Depp。此处是 if 引导的非真实条件句，与过去事实相反，所以条件句用过去完成时态。7.Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she _ there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A. lives B. would live C. has lived D. were to live【答案】D【解析】由 doesnt want to move to New York 可知 Grace 还没有去纽约，所以句子应该是对将来的虚拟。对将来的虚拟 if 条件状语从句谓语动词的时态有三种形式：were to do /should do/did(were)，由此可知答案为 D 选项 were to live。句意：格瑞斯不想移居到纽约，因为她认为如果住到那儿的话，她就不能够经常看到她的父母了。8.Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have had B. had had C. have D. had【答案】D【解析】根据上下文可知，这是对现在情况的虚拟，if 从句用过去式，主句用 would+原形。句意：对不起，我现在太忙了。要是有时间的话，我肯定会和你一起去郊游的。9.Were it not for the debt, we _ a happy life.A. are living B. would live C. were living D. will live【答案】B【解析】省略 if 连接词的条件状语从句，因此助动词 were 提前放在句首。根据 were 可以判断这个句子是对现在情况进行假设的虚拟句，因此主句用“would+动词原形” 。故选 B。句意：要不是负债的话，我们(现在)会过着幸福生活的。10.If you _ the failed experiences, you would not have made such a mistake in your homework.A. refer to B. have referred to C. referred to D. had referred to【答案】D【解析】表示假设的虚拟语气，用在对过去事实相反的假定上，从句用过去完成时 had+过去分词，主句用would/should/might/could+have+过去分词。refer to 是一个固定结构，意思为查阅、参考。该句意思为：如果你参考一下这些失败经验教训的话，你就不会在你的作业中犯下如此的错误。11.After arriving in New York, the Chinese college student found it rather hard to _ living on his own.A. rely on B. bring up C. depend on D. adjust to【答案】D【解析】句意：到达纽约后这个中国大学生发现他独自一个人生活很难适应。adjust to 适应；rely on 依靠；抚养，抚育；depend on 依靠，以而定。12.The project manager as well as his team members hasnt been _ to us so far, which undoubtedly puts us at a disadvantage.A. popular B. consistent C. similar D. familiar【答案】D【解析】familiar 熟悉的；popular 流行的，受欢迎的；consistent 一致的；similar 类似的，相似的。句意：到目前为止那个项目经理和他团队的成员都不为我们所了解，这毫无疑问让我们处于劣势。13.Japan is facing an aging population, with the population _ from the current 127 million to 90 million.A. expecting to shrink B. expected to shrinkC. expecting to have shrunk D. expected to have shrunk【答案】B【解析】“expect”与“the population”存在逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词；人口的缩减是将来的事，故用动词不定式。句意：日本正面临人口老龄化的问题，预计人口从目前的 1.27 亿缩减至 9 千万。14.Effective management and sincere apology will help to _ the customers negative impression on thetravel agency.A. bring about B. turn around C. account for D. set off【答案】B【解析】bring about 造成，引起，导致；turn around(使)好转；account for 说明(原因、理由等)，导致，引起；set off 出发，(使)开始，引起，点燃。句意：改变意见有效的管理和真诚的道歉有助于扭转客户对旅行社的负面印象。15.Our daughter doesnt know what to _ at the university; she cant make up her mind about her future.A. take in B. take over C. take up D. take on【答案】C【解析】句意：我们的女儿不知道在大学里该做什么，对于她的未来她还没有想好。take in 欺骗； 接受；理解； 吸收；take over 接任，接管； take up 开始从事；占据；take on 呈现，根据句意可知 C 项正确。三、完形填空。Falling off a boxcar and landing on my head，I lost my sight when I was four years old. Now I am thirtytwo. I can 1 remember the brightness of sunshine.It would be wonderful to see again， 2 a tragedy can do strange things to people.It 3 to me that I might not have come to love life as I do now if I hadnt been blind.My parents and my teacher saw something 4 me, and they made me want to 5 against blindness.The hardest 6 I had to learn was to believe in myself. If I hadnt been able to do that, I would have 7 down for the rest of my life.When I say 8 in myself I am not talking about 9 the kind of selfconfidence that 10 me down an unfamiliar staircase(楼梯) alone. But I mean something bigger than that: the assurance that I am a real positive person 11 imperfections.It took me years to obtain this 12 . It had to start with the 13 . Once a man gave me an indoor 14 “I cant use this，” I said.“Take it with you，”he 15 me，“and roll it around.” The 16 stuck in my head.“Roll it around！”By rolling the ball I could hear where it went.This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought 17 At the school for the blind I 18 a new kind of baseball called the“ground ball”All my life I have set a series of goals and then tried to reach them，one at a time.I had to learn my 19 . I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made 20 【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了“我”在四岁的时候失去了视力，但通过一件小事，“我”学会了自信，并逐渐取得进步的过程。1A.randomly BabruptlyCroughlyDcompletelyC解析：“我”四岁时失去视力，现在已经三十二岁了。由此可推知，此处表示“我”粗略地记得，故选C。roughly“粗略地，大致上”。2A.soBbutCthusDandB解析：根据语境可知，上下文之间是转折关系，故选B。3A.occurredBreferred CbroughtDturnedA解析：“我”想到如果“我”没有失明，“我”可能不会像现在这样热爱生活。It occurs to sb.that.为固定句型，意为“某人想到”。4A.ofBfor CtoDinD解析：“我”父母以及老师看到了“我”内在的一些东西，他们让“我”想要与失明作斗争。根据语境可知，此处应选D。5A.getBfight CfindDdropB解析：参见上题解析。fight against.“与作斗争”。6A.methodBexperience ClessonDmannerC解析：“我”学到的最困难的一课(lesson)就是要相信“我”自己。7A.brokenBput CsettledDlayA解析：如果“我”做不到那样的话，“我”可能已经精神崩溃了。break down“(在健康或精神等方面)垮掉”。8A.courageBambition CbeliefDpowerC解析：根据上文中的“to believe in myself”可知，此处应选C项与上文相照应。9A.firmlyBsimply CfairlyDslightlyB解析：“我”说的信心并不仅仅(simply)指帮助(helps)“我”走下陌生楼梯的自信。10A.stopsBhelps CfindsDgivesB解析：参见上题解析。11A.despiteBbesides CwithoutDunlikeA解析：尽管“我”是一个不完美的人，但是“我”是一个积极的人。despite“尽管”，符合语境。12A.descriptionBexistenceCaccusationDrecognitionD解析：“我”花了很多年才认识到这一点。A项意为“描述”；B项意为“存在”；C项意为“控告”；D项意为“认识”。13A.intelligenceBincidentCtroubleDdeterminationB解析：这得从一件小事开始。A项意为“智慧”，B项意为“小事”；C项意为“麻烦”；D项意为“决心”。14A.chairBbaseball CgameDdesignB解析：根据下文中的“a new kind of baseball”可知，此处指棒球。15A.urgedBblamed CgreetedDteasedA解析：根据语境可知，此处指他一直在敦促“我”。urge “强烈要求，敦促”。16A.goalsBwords CimagesDideasB解析：他所说的话(words)印在“我”的脑海中，故选B。17A.valuableBreasonableCimpossibleDunbearableC解析：这给了“我”一个如何实现“我”认为不可能(impossible)的目标的想法。A项意为“有价值的”；B项意为“合情理的”；C项意为“不可能的”；D项意为“无法容忍的”。18A.discoveredBequippedCformedDinventedD解析：在盲人学校“我”发明(invented)了一种新的被称为“地滚球”的棒球。A项意为“发现”；B项意为“配备”；C项意为“形成”；D项意为“发明”。19A.limitationsBadvantagesCpuzzlesDpersonalitiesA解析：“我”不得不了解自己的不足之处。limitation“(某人或某物的)局限性，不足之处”。20A.senseBprogressCmistakesDdecisionsB解析：“我”有时会失败，但一般说来“我”取得了进步。make progress“取得进步”。四、七选五。How to Set GoalsWhether you have small dreams or high expectations，setting goals allows you to plan how you want to move through life.Some achievements can take a lifetime to attain，while others can be completed in a day._1_Determine your life goals.Ask yourself some important questions about what you want for your life.What do you want to achieve today，in a year，and in your lifetime？The answers to this question can be as general as“I want to be happy”or“I want to help people”_2_Set specific goals.Be specific and realistic about what it is that you want to achieve.Research shows that setting a specific goal makes you more likely to achieve it._3_ For example，“Be healthier”is too big and vague to be a helpful goal.“I want to eat more vegetables，and I want to run a marathon” is better.Write out your goals.Be detailed，be clear，and include your steps._4_ Keep your list in a place where you can get informed frequently.This wi