2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions语篇解题微技巧新人教版.docx

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions完形填空之利用背景常识解题方法指导解答完形填空题时,有时文章中提供的信息不够,还需要读者把头脑中储存的一般知识信息结合起来考虑,最后给出符合常识的最佳答案。因此解答完形填空题时,考生的英语语言知识以及相关的文化、科学、历史、地理、风俗、民情等方面的知识和生活常识,都发挥着重要的作用。这就要求学生在平时的学习生活中留心积累丰富的文化背景知识和日常生活知识,如西方国家的一些历史概况、名人、重大的节日, 西方人的工作与生活习惯、社交礼仪和习俗等,此外还要留意当今社会和学生生活息息相关的话题,如环境保护、交通问题、就业问题、人际交往问题、心理问题等,还要掌握相关的基础的科学技术知识。当对语言的把握不很准确时,可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用,先找出并理解文章主题和主线,并根据主题猜测细节,注意从重复出现的词语中寻找、体会文章表达的氛围。这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。典例引领 I consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper has1me with plenty of opportunities to make them. In one of my earlier2, my mother was telling me “Dont watch the3when you say, Im sorry. Hold your head up and look at the person in the4, so hell know you5it. ”My mother thus made the key point of a(n)6apology: It must be direct. You must never7to be doing something else. You do not8a pile of letters while apologizing to a person9in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your10. You do not apologize to a hostess, whose guest of honor you treat11, by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad12. One of the important things we should do for an13apology is a readiness to14the responsibility for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no15for the other person to16us. Since most people are open-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling17about themselves. That, after all, is the18of every apology. It19little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault. Answering for ones20encourages others to take their share of the blame. 1.A.providedB.mixedC.comparedD.treated2.A.dreamsB.coursesC.memoriesD.ideas3.A.sideB.groundC.wallD.bottom4.A.mindB.soulC.faceD.eye5.A.imagineB.enjoyC.meanD.regret6.A.usefulB.successfulC.equalD.basic7.A.pretendB.forgetC.refuseD.expect8.A.hold onB.put awayC.look throughD.pick up9.A.poorerB.weakerC.worseD.lower10.A.faultB.reasonC.resultD.duty11.A.cruellyB.freelyC.roughlyD.foolishly12.A.mannersB.excusesC.effortsD.roles13.A.activeB.effectiveC.extraD.easy14.A.raiseB.performC.admitD.bear15.A.situationB.needC.signD.room16.A.adviseB.forgiveC.warnD.blame17.A.wiserB.warmerC.betterD.cleverer18.A.purposeB.methodC.endD.advantage19.A.caresB.mattersC.dependsD.remains20.A.factsB.statesC.rightsD.actions方法运用 语篇解读本文阐述了一个观点,道歉要真诚,要敢于承担责任,同时也批评了一些“假”道歉的行为。1.A作者是急脾气,当然这会提供给作者很多道歉的机会。provide提供; mix混合; compare比较; treat治疗。2.C母亲过去告诉我道歉时不应该看地面,这当然应该是记忆中的事。memory记忆; dream梦想; course课程; idea主意。3.B根据后面的Hold your head up可知用ground。4.D本题考查背景常识。道歉时看着对方的眼睛,以示真诚, 在这一点上中西方是一样的。5.Cmean it中的it在这里指道歉的行为; imagine想象; enjoy喜欢; regret后悔。6.B考查前后照应。冒号后的内容为“成功的”道歉的一些基本特征。successful成功的; useful有用的; equal平等的; basic基本的。7.A本题考查背景常识。道歉要直接,你绝不要假装在做其他的事。pretend假装; forget忘记; refuse拒绝;expect期盼。8.C考查前后照应。上句提到“你绝不要假装在做其他的事”, 所以此处是表达在道歉时不要浏览信件。look through浏览; hold on坚持住, 抓住; put away把收起来; pick up捡起。9.D本题考查背景常识。职务论的是高、低。10.A考查词语复现。根据前面的mistake可知选A。fault错误; reason理由; result结果; duty责任。11.C考查词义辨析。roughly在此处表示对待客人不礼貌, 服务不到位。从前面对要不要道歉的讨论可以猜出这一答案。cruelly残忍地; freely自由地; foolishly愚蠢地。12.A考查固定搭配。bad manners没礼貌, 从treat roughly不难判断答案。13.B考查词义辨析。effective有效的; active积极的; extra额外的; easy容易的。14.D考查固定搭配。bear the responsibility承担责任,为固定搭配; raise举起; perform表演; admit承认。15.D考查固定搭配。leave no room不留余地。situation形势; need需要;sign迹象。16.B考查对上下文语境的理解。道歉是为了获得原谅。forgive原谅; advise建议; warn警告; blame责备。17.C考查词义辨析。better表示“(心情)更舒畅”。未找借口的道歉,即真诚的道歉,对方的感觉一定很好。wise明智的; warm暖和的; clever聪明的。18.A考查词义辨析。道