·新课标高考总复习·英语阅读理解专项攻略九议论说理类.ppt

议论说理类文章就是议论文，是高考阅读理解题中一种较难的题目。议论说理类文章具有以下特点： 1一般按提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的方法写作。作者一般从日常生活中的热点问题、社会上的重大问题、与读者息息相关的问题入手，即提出问题。然后，分析利弊，举例说明，推理判断，即分析问题。最后，阐述观点，提出办法，即解决问题。 2以作者的观点或情感为核心，对细节推理等方面进行考查。 3文章的主题一般是生活中的热点问题、重大问题或与生活息息相关的问题等。,For some reason we were reminded that we primates(灵长目) need love. Kim Bard of the University of Portsmouth in England and her colleagues carried out a study on 46 baby chimpanzees orphans(黑猩猩孤儿)，which had lost their mothers.The study showed that primate babies that have tight relationships with mother figures do much better on cognitive(认知的) tests than babies who only grew up with peers(同伴)，but this is not breaking news.In fact，its old news. In the 1950s，Harry Harlow did a series of experiments with baby monkeys that showed，that lack of love and comfort makes_for a crazy monkey.,Harlow made a cage that included a wire monkey “mother” with a plastic face.Then he equipped the “mother” with a milk bottle.The cage also had another wire “mother” who was covered with soft cloth.The baby monkeys spent all their time with the cloth “mother” and only went to the wire “mother” to feed. Harlows monkey experiment was important because，at the time，child care experts，and everybodys grandmother had a “no touch，no comfort” policy(方针) toward children.They advised parents not to respond to crying babies.They thought that babies should sleep alone to become independent，and put that kid down. But Harlows work changed that policy.Mothers were soon allowed to have their babies next to them in the hospital.,The current chimp research(研究) based on Harlows work shows that mothers love doesnt just make for a psychologically(精神上地) healthy child，it also makes for a smart child. The highly raised chimps do better than those that are not loved，and the wellraised chimps do even better than human kids on IQ tests. We are primates，social animals which need love.We need to be held and talked to and made to feel that at least one person wants to be with us all the time.,1The study Kim Bard and his colleagues did _. Aincluded 46 baby and mother monkeys Bis nothing new to people about the findings Cshowed that many chimpanzees lack of love when they were young Dshowed many chimpanzees had good relationship with their mothers 2The underlined part “makes for” in the third paragraph means _. Ado something for Bhead for Cbring about Dconnect to,3Harlow built two “mothers” for baby monkeys to _. Amake them live comfortably Blet them have more choices Cgive them more love Dmake comparison well 4Which of the following can we infer from the passage? A. Wellraised chimps are better than people in IQ. BSometimes its not wrong to have no touch and no comfort to babies. CChimps growing up in cages are less smarter than chimps growing up in wild. DBabies who sleep with mothers tend to be cleverer than babies sleep alone.,【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。文章主要是通过对灵长目动物的两个实验说明，母爱对于小孩的成长有着非常重要的作用。因此父母亲应该多给孩子们一些爱，以让小孩们健康地成长。 1B 细节理解题。第二段第一句提到是46只小猴，因此A项错误；根据文章第二段最后一句可知B项正确；C项没有事实依据；文章第二段第二句提到和母亲关系好的小猴认知水平比其他小猴要好些，但是这不能说明D项。 2C 猜测词义题。缺少母爱的小猴和成为疯狂的猴子是一种因果关系，因此答案选C。 3D 推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知制造两个假母猴的目的是更好地比较缺乏母爱与否与小猴后来发展的关系。因此D是正确答案。,4D 推理判断题。文章第四、五段提到自从Harlow做了那个实验后，人们就认为母亲和婴儿睡在一起对婴儿的成长好一些，因此可知D项正确。 【难句分析】 原文Harlow made a cage that included