2019_2020高中英语Unit2Theenvironment单元过关检测（二）（含解析）牛津译林版.docx

Unit 2 The environment单元过关检测(二)(时间：100分钟，满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAre you planning for your first ever international trip？No worries！We have a list of places that are perfect for firsttime getaways.BaliBali is ever charming.Photographs cannot describe the beauty of its beaches，coral reefs，temples and forest areas.The temples，especially Tanah Lot，are quite a sight.The Mt. Batur is another amazing experience.Top attractions：Tanah Lot，Kuta Beach，Nusa Dua and Jimbaran Beach.MaldivesMaldives is an amazing beach destination.Here you can spend quality time away from the city life.Its bright blue shoreline，clean air and white sand can make you start feeling as if you had landed in heaven.Then you get on a seaplane to the hotel that you have booked.The seaplane journey is an adventure that helps you see some of the most beautiful islands.Top attractions：water sports，beach and outdoor activities，local markets and more.MauritiusWhether you are into scenic beauty，adventure，or food，this island will not disappoint you.Mark Twain said，“Mauritius was made first and then heaven.” You can spend an evening in Port Louis and have dinner in Namaste Restaurant.Spend all the other days visiting only the beaches.If you are visiting Ile Aux Cerfs，ensure you reach the island as early as possible as it closes at 4 pm.Top attractions：Grand Bay，Blue Bay，skydiving and bird watching.SingaporeClassical buildings stand tall with elegant skyscrapers(摩天大楼) all around the islandcity，mixing perfectly with fancy shopping malls.This small country has good enough places for your 56 days stay.Top attractions：shopping，street foods，museums and theme parks.【解题导语】本文向初次进行海外旅行的人们推荐了几个不可错过的旅游目的地。1If you are interested in water skiing，which place is the best choice?ABali.BMaldives.CMauritius.DSingapore.B解析：推理判断题。根据Maldives部分的Top attractions：water sports.可知，水上运动最适合在马尔代夫玩，滑水属于水上运动，故选“Maldives”。2What do we know about Mauritius?AMark Twain loved Mauritius more than his country.BPort Louis is not open at daytime.COnly beaches are worth visiting in Mauritius.DYou cant visit Ile Aux Cerfs at night.D解析：细节理解题。根据Mauritius部分的If you are visiting Ile Aux Cerfs，ensure you reach the island as early as possible as it closes at 4 pm.可知，Ile Aux Cerfs在下午四点关门，由此可知在晚上不能参观Ile Aux Cerfs。3What can we learn from this text?AYoure not allowed to take pictures in Bali.BPeople take seaplanes rather than ships in Maldives.CSingapore combines the classical and modern culture.DSummer is the best time to visit the four places.C解析：细节理解题。根据Singapore部分的Classical buildings stand tall with elegant skyscrapers(摩天大楼) all around the islandcity.可知新加坡融合了古典与现代文化。BEndangered mountain gorillas(大猩猩) are close biological cousins to humans.Over the past decade，people have made more efforts to help their fellow primates.And now，the results are proving to be positive.According to new information given by the Uganda Wildlife Authority and the World Wild Fund for Nature(WWF)，the total world population of mountain gorillas has risen in the last two years.While mountain gorillas remain an endangered species，this increase is largely due to the actions of conservationists(保护工作者)“Mountain gorillas are the only great ape experiencing a population increase，”said David Greer，the WWFs African Great Ape Program Manager.“This is largely due to strong conservation efforts and successful community work.”Strength in NumbersIn 2000，the total population of mountain gorillas was only 320.The low number was a result of illegal hunting，habitat loss，and disease.Since then，the number has risen，but slowly.Mountain gorillas live in Rwanda，Uganda，and Democratic Republic of Congoall countries in central Africa.To ensure more protection and care，nearly half of the existing population lives in a national park.Bwindi Impenetrable National Park，located in the northern part of Rwanda，is home to 400 mountain gorillas.They have formed 36 social groups and are led by 16 male gorillas.Ten of these groups have become used to humans research and tourism.Family TiesMountain gorillas are highly social creatures that live in a community environment.Typically，mountain gorillas live in a group of about 30 individuals.The leader is an older male who organises the group for hunting and nesting.This male can weigh up to 500 pounds and stand nearly 6 feet tall.Often he will have silver hair on his back，marking his senior age and dominance(优势) within the group.Like any community，gorillas depend on one another.Now，they are depending on humans to help keep them alive.4The number of mountain gorillas is increasing mainly because of_Afewer and fewer forests being cut by peopleBthe strict laws for huntingCconstantly changeable habitatsDthe efforts of conservationistsD解析：细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第三句“.this increase is largely due to the actions of conservationists(保护工作者)”可知近几年山地大猩猩增加主要是保护工作者不断努力的结果。5Now mountain gorillas mainly live_Aon the bare mountainsBin a national parkCin some personal homesDin some forestsB解析：细节理解题。根据小标题Strength in Numbers下的“To ensure more protection and care，nearly half of the existing population lives in a national park.”可知，为了确保对山地大猩猩的保护和照顾，几乎一半大猩猩都在国家公园生活。6We can infer from the last paragraph that_Aindividual mountain gorillas can live without depending on othersBthe young male mountain gorillas are in charge of the organisationCthe weight and height are very important for the male leader of mountain gorillasDthe grey hair on the head of the leader stands for his senior ageC解析：推理判断题。根据小标题Family Ties下的第一句“Mountain gorillas are highly social creatures that live in a community environment.”可知A项错误；根据“The leader is an older male who organises.”可知B项错误；根据“.silver hair on his back，marking his senior age.”可知D项错误；根据“This male can weigh up to 500 pounds and stand nearly 6 feet tall.”可知这只雄性猩猩领导者的体重和身高很重要，因此C项正确。7Whats the purpose of the passage?ATo introduce the lifestyle of mountain gorillas.BTo tell the relationship between mountain gorillas and humans.CTo call on us human beings to help protect mountain gorillas.DTo warn us the extinction of mountain gorillas.C解析：写作意图题。根据第一段倒数一、二句以及文章最后一句总结“.they are depending on humans to help keep them alive.”可知，本文的写作目的是号召我们人类努力保护山地大猩猩。CThe African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to African ecosystem.Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment.As a big planteater, it largely shapes the forestandsavanna(大草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting_the_terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.It is the elephants great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat.In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees.This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters.Take the rainforests for example.In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor.By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations the forests become suitable for large hoofed planteaters to move around and for small planteaters to get their food as well.What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species.If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。非洲象对非洲森林和大草原的生态系统十分重要， 它们的觅食对生态环境有很大影响。现在， 令科学家们担忧的是， 非洲象正濒临灭绝， 这也就意味着整个非洲的生态系统正在遭受威胁。8What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?AImproving the quality.BWorsening the state.CFixing the time.DDeciding the conditions.D解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知， 非洲象对非洲的生态系统十分重要， 它们在很大程度上是生态环境的创造者， 它们塑造了非洲的森林和大草原的环境。由此可推断出， 非洲象决定了在它们的栖息地上生活的其他动物的生存条件。因此， “setting the terms” 的意思应为“决定了条件”。故选D。9The passage is developed mainly by _Ashowing the effect and then explaining the causesBgiving examplesCpointing out similarities and differencesDdescribing the changes in time orderA解析：写作手法题。根据文章内容可知， 第一段内容主要介绍了非洲象对整个非洲生态环境的重大影响， 接下来的三段内容主要解释了为什么它们会有这么大的影响。因此全文应是按照先给出结果、再说明原因的方式展开的。故选A。10What is the passage mainly about?AForests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.BThe eating habit of African elephants.CDisappearance of African elephants.DThe effect of African elephants search for food.D解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可判断出， 本文主要讲述了非洲象对非洲森林和大草原的生态系统的重要性， 它们的觅食对生态环境有很大影响。故选D。11What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?AThey are home to many endangered animals.BThey result from the destruction of rainforests.CThey are attractive to planteating animals of different kinds.DThey provide food mainly for African elephants.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters.可知， 那些开阔的地方对各种食草动物很具吸引力。故选C。DA lot of teachers hate doodlers(乱写乱画的人) during classes.“Pay attention！”Teachers will often warn doodling students, thinking that they must be daydreaming.However, according to a recent study, doodling while listening to a boring lecture helps concentrate attention.Andrade, a psychology professor in England asked participants to listen to a boring lecture.Half the participants were told to color in squares and circles freely on a piece of paper while listening to the lecture.The other half werent given a task.After it was over, the participants were asked to retell the lecture.“Those given the doodling task remembered 29 percent more information than the nondoodlers，”Andrade said.“If someone is doing a boring task, like listening to a dull conversation, they may start daydreaming，” said Professor Andrade.“Daydreaming distracts(使分心) them from the task，resulting in poorer performance.A simple task, like doodling, can stop them from daydreaming without affecting their performance at the task.”So next time youre doodling during a class, and you hear “Pay attention！”， you can tell the teacher with confidence that youve been paying attention to every word.【解题导语】在课堂上乱写乱画被认为是上课不专心的表现，但一项研究表明，乱写乱画有助于集中注意力，你相信吗？12The passage mainly tells us_Adoodling will be banned in classBteachers are against doodlingCdoodling may help concentrateDdoodling can lead to daydreamingC解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍的是一项研究的结果：乱写乱画有助于集中注意力，故C项切题。13Teachers hate doodlers because they thought _Adoodlers are not good at studyBdoodlers are doing no taskCdoodlers pay no attention in classDdoodlers are not polite to themC解析：细节理解题。由第一段的“Teachers will often warn doodling students, thinking that they must be daydreaming.”可知，老师讨厌在课堂上乱写乱画的学生，因为老师认为他们一定是在做白日梦，上课不专心。14According to the text, it is helpful to doodle when _Aa boring lecture is givenBan interesting story is toldCwatching a long TV programDyou are having a conversation with a teacherA解析：细节理解题。由第二段以及第三段的“.asked participants to listen to a boring lecture.”可知，当听一个枯燥的讲座时，乱写乱画有助于集中注意力，故A项切题。15We can learn from the text that _Adoodling is the best way to draw attentionBdaydreaming is different from doodlingCdoodling will be helpful in any occasionDevery student should doodle in classB解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，老师认为乱写乱画的人一定是在做白日梦，而研究结果表明，乱写乱画有助于让人集中注意力，阻止人做白日梦，可见，乱写乱画与做白日梦是不同的。第二节(共5小题； 每小题2分， 满分10分)根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where weve never been before.But just as in face to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line.16._ Imagine how youd feel if you were in the other persons shoes.For anything youre about to send: ask yourself，“Would I say this to the persons face？” If the answer is no, rewrite and reread.17._If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct(本能) is to fire back in the same manner.But try not to do so.18._ If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it.Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.19_ Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate.When someone makes a mistake, whether its a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it.If its a small mistake, you may not need to say anything.Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything.Having good manners yourself doesnt give you license to correct everyone else.20._ At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and income.Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, dont ask such questions.AIts natural that there are some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online.BRepeat the process till you feel sure that youd feel comfortable saying the words to the persons face.CEveryone was new to the network once.DThe basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated.EWhen you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear.FYou should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages.GIf you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely.答案：1620.DBFCG第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In 1883，a creative engineer，John Roebling，was inspired to build a splendid bridge connecting New York with Long Island.However，experts throughout the world thought that this was_21_Even so，Roebling could not_22_the idea in his mind.After much discussion，he_23_convince his son Washington，an upandcoming engineer，that the bridge in fact could be built.They hired their_24_and began to build their dream bridge.Only a few months_25_the project was underway a tragic onsite accident killed John Roebling and_26_injured his son，leaving him braindamaged and unable to move or_27_Surely now the project would have to be_28_Though Washington Roebling lay in his hospital bed，he was not_29_and his mind remained as_30_ as it was before the accident.Suddenly an idea_31_him.All he could move was one finger，so he_32_the arm of his wife with that finger，_33_to her that he wanted her to call the engineers again.Then he used the same method of tapping her arm to tell the engineers what to do.For 13 years Washington tapped out his_34_with one finger until the bridge was_35_completed.Perhaps this is one of the best examples of neversaydie attitude that_36_a terrible physical disability and achieves an impossible_37_Often when we face difficulties in our daily lives，our problems seem very small_38_what many others have to face.The Brooklyn Bridge shows us that even the most_39_dream can be realized with_40_no matter what the chances are.21A.impossibleBunnecessaryChardDexcellent A解析：从上文的However和下文可知，其他专家认为这项工程困难太大，不可能完成，故impossible正确。22A.recognizeBacceptCignoreDbelieveC解析：由上下文可知，John Roebling认为工程是可以完成的，所以不愿放弃，故C项ignore符合文意，此处，应特别注意空前的否定词not。23A.attempted toBsought toCfailed toDmanaged toD解析：由下文可知，父子二人共同开始这项工程，说明John Roebling说服了儿子，只有managed to能表达这一含义。attempt to 和seek to都可表示“试图”，但并不一定成功。24A.familyBcrewCclassDteamB解析：crew指“(有专门技术的)一组工作人员”，而建设桥梁这样的工作正需要这样的人，所以B项crew为正确答案。其他选项与文意显然不符。25A.sinceBbeforeCafterDwhenC解析：由下文可知，工程刚开始不久就发生了事故，父子二人一死一伤，连词after最符合文意。26A.severelyBslightlyCpoorlyDhardly A解析：由下文leaving him braindamaged and unable to move可知，儿子Washington Roebling伤势严重，故选severely。27A.workBsayCeatDtalkD解析：由下文Washington Roebling用敲打手指的方法来传递信息可知事故使他失去了行走及说话能力，故选talk。注意say是及物动词，要有宾语，从语法角度可以被排除。28A.continuedBabandonedCinterruptedDaccomplishedB解析：由文意可知，既然工程的两位工程师都无法再进行这项工程，那么工程应该被放弃了，故abandon正确。29A.defeatedBhurtCfrightenedDdestroyedA解析：由上下文可知，儿子Washington身体受到极大创伤，但(精神)没有被厄运打败，故defeat正确。30A.sharpBbroadCnobleDadvancedA解析：sharp可以用来指人的头脑、眼睛等敏锐，由上下文可知，Washington身在医院，但头脑仍十分敏锐，所以能成功地指挥工人完成桥梁建设。其他选项与文意不符。31A.beatBoccurredChappenedDhitD解析：由上下文可知，Washington无法走动和谈话，但他想到可以用手指敲打来传递信息。D项hit表示“使(某人)突然想起”；occur to也可表达此意，但介词to不可省。32A.wavedBfeltCtouchedDheldC解析：由下文tapping her arm可知，Washington开始用手指敲打来传递信息，所以touch正确。33A.appealingBspeakingCindicatingDadvising C解析：由文意可知，Washington用手指敲打，是想“告诉”妻子如何去做，indicating符合此意。34A.ordersBinstructionsCsuggestionsDmovements B解析：由文意可知，Washington作为桥梁的工程师，“指挥”完成了工程，所以instructions正确。35A.quicklyBpartlyCeventuallyDslowlyC解析：由上文可知，工程浩大而困难，但最终他们完成了，此处只有eventually 能表示此含义。36A.overcomesBacquiresCfightsDremoves A解析：由上文可知，Washington身残志坚，克服了重重困难完成了工程。正是这种永不言弃(neversaydie)的精神，使其克服了身体的残疾，所以overcome符合文意。37A.awardBfortuneCstatusDgoal D解析：由文意和achieves可知，Washington完成了一个原本不可能完成的目标，故goal正确。38A.combined withBseparated fromCcompared toDconcerned aboutC解析：由文意可知，作者从此事中告诉读者，很多情况下，我们的问题和其他人面临的问题相比较是微不足道的，故compared to正确。39A.primaryBdistantClifelongDgoodB解析：由上下