2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练Unit3LifeinthefutureSectionⅢGrammar（含解析）.docx

Section Grammar对应学生用书P31基础题.单句语法填空12017北京高考Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time _ (spend) with his students.答案：spent句意：吉姆已经退休了，不过他仍然记得和学生们一起度过的快乐时光。time与spend之间是被动关系，故此处用过去分词作后置定语。2_ (face) with a heavy load of work, Jim wondered how he could finish it this time.答案：Faced句意：面临着繁重的工作，吉姆思索着这一次怎样才能完成任务。be faced with sth.表示“(某人)面临着某事”，是固定用法，face的逻辑主语是Jim，两者之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作状语。3_ (compare) with letters, emails are more convenient in communication nowadays.答案：Compared句意：和信件相比，如今电子邮件更方便交流。分析句子结构可知，compare的逻辑主语是主句主语emails，两者之间构成被动关系，故填Compared。4Recycle paper, plastic and glass and buy things made from _ (recycle) materials, and a lot of energy will be saved.答案：recycled过去分词作定语，修饰materials，表示被动和完成。5Greatly _ (encourage), the players tried their best to win the game for their country.答案：encouraged句意：受到极大的鼓舞，运动员们竭尽全力为祖国赢得比赛。encourage和其逻辑主语the players之间存在被动关系，表示运动员“被鼓励”，所以此处用过去分词作状语。6_ (catch) in the traffic jam, he got to school very late this morning.答案：Caughtbe caught in . 表示“被困在”，catch与其逻辑主语he之间为被动关系，故用动词的过去分词作原因状语。7Jane is a shy girl and she never speaks until _ (speak) to.答案：spoken句意：简是一个害羞的女孩，别人开口和她说话之前，她从不说话。“连词过去分词”在句中作状语，相当于“连词状语从句”的省略形式，即 . until she is spoken to。82016北京高考 _ (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.答案：Ordered句意：这些书一个多星期前就被下订单了，预计现在随时会到。order与逻辑主语the books之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，答案为Ordered。.单句改错1Inspiring by my teacher, I signed up for the speech contest and made full preparations for it._答案：InspiringInspired2Although reminding not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is very dangerous._答案：remindingreminded3Though bring up in a poor family, the young girl has a high level of selfesteem._答案：bringbrought4Devote to his research work, the professor cared little about other things._答案：DevoteDevoted5The teaching reform intending to promote students motivation in class has received good results._答案：intendingintended6“We cant go out in this weather，” said Bob, looked out of the window._答案：lookedlooking.完成句子1He sat in the armchair，_.他坐在躺椅上读报纸。答案：reading a newspaper2This will be the best novel of its kind ever _.这将是这类小说中写得最好的。答案：written3_in the bush, Susan was sent back to the camp.因为被灌木丛中的蛇咬到，苏珊被送回到露营地。答案：Bitten by the snake4_，the young man was a little shy.被女孩们包围了，这个年轻人有点害羞。答案：Surrounded by the girls5_ by a group of students, the teacher entered the classroom.老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。答案：Followed能力题.阅读理解The Future of Dairy Farming: Robot MilkersJohn Fendrick is the owner of the farm. He inspects the progress of the animals by looking at a computer screen. That is all he has to do. “The door opens up, they walk in, and they get milked. The door opens up, and they walk out.”The robot does all the work. It uses a laser to find each teat (乳头) the place on the cow where the milk comes out. The robot then cleans the teat and connects a milking tube to it. The robot also tests the milk for possible contamination (污染). If it finds a problem, it rejects the milk. When the amount of milk coming out of the cow slows, the machine knows to stop, and sends the cow on its way.Milking robots are becoming popular among dairy farmers in the United States, Europe and Australia. John Fendrick says the robots have changed life on a dairy farm. “You are giving the freedom back. So it allows me or the people working for me to actually do other things on the farm.”Most dairy farmers must milk their cows two times a day, early in the morning and late at night. The animals are milked every day in good weather or bad. But Mr Fendricks cows do not follow such a schedule. They stay in the field until they want to be milked by the robot. Some of them come to be milked in the middle of the night.Mr Fendrick doesnt even need to be there to watch his cows being milked. He can watch from his telephone. He can learn when each cow was milked and how much she produced. He can also learn if a cow has not been milked for a long time.And he says that is a good thing. “I dont like to milk.” With the robot, he can turn his attention to other things. He gets about 475 litres of milk a day, and he never has to touch a cow.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了未来乳牛业的一种新模式在养殖场使用机器人挤奶，并介绍了机器人挤奶的过程和优点，以及带给农场主的便利。1Which of the following shows the correct process of the robot milking cows?acleaning the teatbtesting the milkcletting cows godrejecting or accepting the milkAa, d, b, c Bb, a, d, cCb, d, a, c Da, b, d, c答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第二段所讲述的机器人挤奶的过程可知，机器人先清洗乳头，然后检测牛奶，如果牛奶被污染，它会拒绝挤奶，没有被污染则正常挤奶，最后让奶牛离开。故选D项。2What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AThe laser. BThe robot.CThe teat. DThe cow.答案：B指代判断题。根据第二段中的“The robot also tests the milk for possible contamination (污染)”可知，这里是说机器人若发现了问题，它会拒绝挤奶。所以it在这里指代the robot。故选B项。3The reason why Mr Fendrick doesnt even have to be on the farm is that _.Ahe can watch and learn from his telephoneBhe has completely been replaced by robotsCrobots will tell him all by telephoneDhe is not the person on call to milk答案：A细节理解题。根据第五段可知，芬德里克先生可以通过电话监管和了解农场的情况，所以没有必要亲自去农场。故选A项。.完形填空Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his _1_ and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK？” I was _2_ to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such _3_. I would excitedly turn the tap _4_ and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that Id done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would _5_ affectionately (亲切地) at me and place the comb on his wallet.Two years later, Dad started his own _6_， which wasnt doing so well. That was when things started to _7_. Dad didnt come home as early and as much as he used to, Mum and I became _8_ with him for placing our family in trouble. With _9_ going by, an uncomfortable silence grew between us. After my graduation, Dads business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home _10_. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me _11_ my comb？” I looked at him a while, then _12_ the comb and headed to the sink. It hit me then: why, as a child, _13_ Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure. That routine (习惯) meant Dad was home early to _14_ the evening with Mum and me. It _15_ a happy and loving family. I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and _16_ placed his comb on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something _17_. Dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, _18_ his smile was still as _19_ as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good _20_ for his family.1A.bag Bwallet Ccomb Dbrush答案：C根据文章首句“Dad had a green comb.”可知，此处指作者的父亲会把梳子(comb)交给她，让她去清洗这把梳子。2A.annoyed Brelieved Cashamed Dpleased答案：D根据上下文语境可知，作者是很高兴(pleased)地去做这件事情的。下文的“excitedly”和“clean his comb was such a pleasure”也是提示。3A.joy Bsadness Ccourage Dpain答案：A根据上下文语境可知，此处指这份乏味的工作给作者带来了快乐(joy)。4A.out Bover Cin Don答案：D根据下文中的“brush the comb”(清洗梳子)可知，此处指的是作者打开水龙头。turn on“打开”，符合语境。5A.stare Bsmile Cshout Dlaugh答案：B根据上下文语境可知，此处表示父亲会亲切地对着“我”微笑(smile)，然后把梳子放到他的钱包上。6A.family Bbusiness Ctask Djourney答案：B根据下文的“Dads business”可知，两年之后父亲开始了自己的事业(business)，但是情况不太好。7A.progress Bchange Cimprove Dform答案：B根据后文的“Dad didnt come home as early and as much as he used to.”以及“for placing our family in trouble”可知，就是那时候，事情开始变化(change)了。8A.satisfied Bdelighted Cmad Dstrict答案：C根据句意可知，作者的母亲和作者很生父亲的气，因为他使得他们的家陷入到困境中。be mad with意思是“对很生气”，符合语境。9A.time Bpatience Cspeed Dease答案：A根据句意可知，随着时间(time)的推移，“我”们之间慢慢产生了令人感到不舒服的沉默，这暗示家庭成员之间有了隔阂。10A.occasionally Bearly Cfrequently Drarely答案：B结合上下文语境可知，此处指由于父亲的事业慢慢步入了正轨，在作者28岁生日那天，父亲早早地(early)回了家。11A.sharpen Brepair Cclean Dkeep答案：C根据第一段中的“Good girl，help Daddy clean it，OK？”可知，此处指父亲让作者帮助他清洗(clean)一下梳子。12A.dropped Btook Chanded Dthrew答案：B根据上下文语境可知，此处指作者接过(took)那把梳子，然后向洗涤池那里走去。13A.watching Bletting Chelping Dhearing答案：C根据上文的“Good girl，help Daddy clean it，OK？”可知，此处指帮助(helping)父亲清洗梳子。14A.find Blose Cwaste Dspend答案：D这里提到父亲早早地回到家里，那么应该是与母亲和“我”一起度过(spend)晚上的时间。15A.affected Bbroke Cmeant Dsupported答案：C根据上文的“That routine(习惯)meant .”可知，此处指一家人共度夜晚时光，意味着(meant)一个快乐的和充满爱的家庭。16A.firmly Bhurriedly Ccasually Dcarefully答案：D句意：父亲对“我”笑了笑，小心地(carefully)把梳子放在他的钱包上。firmly “坚决地”，hurriedly “匆忙地”，casually “随便地”，均不符合语境。17A.different Bexciting Cinteresting Durgent答案：A句意：但是，这一次，“我”注意到一些不同的(different)事情。后文中的“Dad had aged. He had wrinkles .”说明了父亲的变化，即不同。18A.for Bor Cso Dyet答案：D根据上下文的语境可知，此处表示意思上的转折，故用yet，意为“然而，但是”。19A.convincing Bheartwarming Ccautious Dinnocent答案：B此处指父亲的微笑仍然像以前一样令人感到幸福快乐(heartwarming)。convincing “令人信服的，有说服力的”，cautious “谨慎的”，innocent “无辜的”，均不符合语境。20A.origin Blife Creputation Deducation答案：B由上下文可知，从父亲的笑中，作者体会到父亲是想让自己的家人拥有好的生活(life)。.语法填空The World Health Organization (WHO) has made an appeal to scientists, drug manufacturers and governments. The WHO wants them to work together _1_ (develop) drugs to fight 12 bacteria. These bacteria _2_ (be) able to resist _3_ (power) antibiotic (抗生素) drugs. The resistance is so unusually strong that all the 12 bacteria have been given a special name “superbug”. The United Nations agency reported this week the 12 superbugs are a threat to human _4_ (healthy). It said they have _5_ ability to easily turn treatable infections into killers. The WHO says superbugs can also pass along genetic material _6_ helps other bacteria become resistant to drug treatment.MariePaule Kieny is the Assistant DirectorGeneral at the WHO. She said, “Antibiotic resistance is growing and we are fast running out _7_ treatment options.” she urged governments to give drug companies reasons to develop new treatments. “If we