《名词性从句复习》PPT课件.ppt

高三英语总复习语法专项训练,名词性从句,一:主语从句(观察与思考) 1.That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 2. Whether hell come here isnt clear. 3. What she did is not yet known. 4. Whoever comes is welcome. 5. How this happened is not clear to anyone. 6. Wherever you are is my home my only home. 7. It is certain that she will do well in her exam.,8. Its no surprise that our team should have won the game. 9. It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 10.It happened that I was out that day. 11.It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 12. Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week？ 13. How strange it is that the children are so quiet！,归纳与总结: 构成：_ B. 引导主语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词_ （2）连接代词_ (4) 连接副词 _ C. 注意下列句型: 1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A.It+be+形容词(_)+that从句。 B.It+be+名词词组（_）+that从句。 C.It+be+过去分词（_）+that从句。 D.It+_等不及物动词及短语 +that从句。,E.It+doesnt matter（makes no difference，etc.） +连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。F.当that引导 的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以_作形式主语， 而把主语从句后置。 G.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以_作 形式主语，而把主语从句后置。,2）表语从句 1. The trouble is that I have lost his address. 2. He looked just as if he had looked ten years younger. 3. All this was over twenty years ago，but its as if it was only yesterday. 4. The problem is who we can get to replace her. 5. The question is how he did it. 6. That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic阁楼. 7. I think it is because you are doing too much. 8. My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.,归纳与总结: A. 构成：_ B. 引导表语从句的关联词的种类： （1）从属连词_ （2）连接代词_ (3) 连接副词 _ C. 注意特殊情况: 1.连词_可引导表语从句。 2.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词 后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用_。 _+动词原形表示，_可省略。,3）宾语从句 1. I know he has returned. 2. I doubt whether/if he will succeed. 3. Who or what he was，Martin never learned. 4. I wonder what hes writing to me about. 5. Ill tell you why I asked you to come. 6. He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day. I walked over to where she sat. 7. We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday. 8. He is a good student except that he is careless. You may rely on it that I shall help you. 9. Im afraid you dont understand what I said. 10. I dont believe they have finished their work yet.,归纳与总结: 注意下列情况: (1) 宾语从句也可用作_的宾语。(6) (2) 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用_作 形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置. (7) (3) 连词_引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语， 只用在except，but，in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句 如果由连词_引导，则需用_先行一步， 作形式宾语。(8) (4) 某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类 形容词或过去分词有sure，glad，certain，pleased， happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied等，连词that可省略。 (5) 宾语从句的_转移。在think，believe， suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管 是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将主句的谓语动词 变为_形式。,观察与思考: Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe. We decided，in view of his special circumstances， that we would admit him for a probationary period.,归纳与总结: that在引导宾语从句时可以省略。在以下 情况下，that不能省略。 1). and连接两个宾语从句，_宾语从句放在 and的后面时，that不能省略. 2). that引导的宾语从句作_宾语时，that 不能省略。 3). that从句位于_时，that不可省略。 4). 主句谓语动词与that从句之间有_， that不可省略。,3 .连词whether （or not）或if引导的宾语从句 if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用， 但whether常和or not连用。 I wonder whether it is true or not.我不知它是真是假。 用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if 而用whether.试比较： Please let me know if you want to go. Please let me know whether you want to go. if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我 你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为 “如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。,4. .宾语从句的时态变化规律： （1）当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据 需要用任何时态。 （2）当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用 过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如： The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳运行。,4）同位语从句 They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 2. Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. 3. I have no idea whether hell come or not. 4. The question who should do the work requires consideration. 5. It is a question how he did it. 6. This is our only request that this （should） be settled as soon as possible.,归纳与总结: A.同位语从句的先行词多为_等. B. 注意下列情况: (1).一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的 同位语从句中，谓语动词用_ should+动词 原形表示。should可省。(6) (2). .that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 a. 句法功能上 that只起_从句的作用，_意义。在从句 中_充当句子成分, _可省。 that替代_在从句中不仅起连接作用， 还_一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语 时_省略。 b. 意义上 从句是被修饰名词的内容。,从句起限定作用，是定语 如：The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true. The news （that）he told me yesterday is true.,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 1. Can you tell me how many students are there in your class? 2. I dont know where has he gone. 3. The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.,Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?,I dont know where he has gone.,The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter.,规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema. 5. My idea is that we must do our homework first. 6. His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.,We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.,My idea is that we (should) do our homework first.,His proposal that we (should) go there on foot.,规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！,问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet. 8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. 9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting. 10. He asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on whether the weather is .,The question is whether he himself will be present .,He asked me whether I could go with him or not.,规律三：4种情况只能用whether ： （1）位于句子开头； （2）前面有介词； （3）引导表语从句； （4）与or not连用。,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting. 3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,it,that,whether,规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助 “it” 而后置。,问题：想想看是什么“适当的情况”？,名词从句与定语从句 的主要区别,成分上的区别： 名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么 样的成分？,1. How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery. 2. I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job. 3. The problem is who will be equal to the task. 4. He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties or not.,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,5. I visited the country which/that had been bombed by the US-led NATO (美国为首的北约) a month before 6. I shall never forget the years when I lived in the countryside with the farmers, which has a great effect on my life. 7. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm., by which time many people have gone home. 8. I had never seen such a good film as I watched last night.,结论一： 名词从句充当句子的主要成分； 定语从句充当句子的修饰成分。,2. 引导词含义上的区别： 引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？,1. That he came back made us very happy. 2. Im sorry (that) Ive made a mistake. 3. The fact is that his bark is worse than his bite. 4. Word came that he would come to see us all.,5. He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of great importance to science. 6. Kennedy and Johnson, both of whom were murdered in their terms, once co-worked as president and vice-president 7. The Oscar is one of the film prizes that have not been offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far 8. The Oscar is the only one of the film prizes that has not been offered to any Chinese actor or actress by far,9. The days are gone forever when we used foreign oil. 10. As we all know, China is a developing country. 11. This is the village where my father once lived for several years. 12. 1980, when Chinese government began its reform, is an important year for China.,结论二： 定语从句的引导词在语义上 具有指代先行词的作用。 名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。,3. 关于that: that 在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？,1. He pretended (that) he didnt see me. That she lost her necklace on the way home made her so worried. It is necessary that we should learn a second language. 4. It is said that he works hard at English.,问题：that 作何成分？,The school that my sister studies at is far from here. The first request that he made was to ask for freedom. 7. It was said that that was all that he said. 8. Is this the house that you have bought yourself?,(which),(which),问题：that 作何成分？,结论三： 名词从句中的 that 只起引导词的作用， 无任何意义。 定语从句中的that 在从句中充当主语或宾语， 有时可以与 which 互换。,4. 引导词的不同： 不会出现在名词从句中的关系词： 不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：,as, 且 when, where 等不能与 in/on/at which 互换。,whether, if, what, how, whatever whichever, whoever, whomever whatever,5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系： 1. He has done what he can to help me. -He has done _ _ he can to help me. What I want to say has nothing to do with it. -_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.,all that,All that,3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished. _ _ breaks the law is to be punished. 4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most. 5. Well remember whomever we turned to for help. Well remember _ _ we turned to for help. 6. They will do whatever he wants them to do. They will do _ _he wants them to do. 7. Ill read whichever book you give me. Ill read _ of the books _ you give me.,Anyone who,anyone who,Anyone (whom),anything that,any,that,6、其余问题：,1. 误：I dont know if he comes back this month. 2. 误：I have no idea what had happened when I was away.,正：I dont know if he will come back this month.,正：I have no idea what happened when I was away.,3.误：The reason is because he is ill. 4.误：Who leaves last turns off the light.,正：The reason is that he is ill.,正：Whoever leaves last turns off the light.,名词性从句试题集锦 1.I ask her _ come with me. A. if she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.Can you tell me _? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 5.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that,7.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have no idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone 11.They want to know _ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photographs will show you _. A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,13.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like D. what look man like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 16.Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for 18._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter,19. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 21._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C