2019高中英语Unit5InsideadvertisingSectionⅠWarmingUp.docx

Unit 5 Inside advertisingThe appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects.Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement.For example，some advertisers have appealed to peoples desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage.Some of the products work.Others are worthless and a waste of consumers money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading.A few years ago，a brand of bread was offered to dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice.It turned out that the bread as not dietetic，but just regular bread.There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin，but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.On the positive side，emotional appeals may respond to a consumers real concerns.Consider fire insurance.Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss.But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance.The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people.If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads，they will benefit from the advertising.Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation.Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it？Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers.But it does not force them to buy the product.Consumers still control the final buying decision.True (T) or False (F)：1Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by appealing to his buying motives.()2The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that thin slices of bread could contain more calories.()3Advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they dont need.()4A smart consumer should think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements.()5The passage is mainly about the positive and negative aspects of advertising.()答案：1.T2.F3.F4.T5.TSection_Warming_Up_&_Reading.高频单词点击1billboard n布告板；广告牌2casual adj.偶然的；随意的；临时的casually adv. 偶然地；临时地3advertiser n登广告者advertise v做广告advert/advertisement n广告4inform vt.通知；告诉information n信息5association n协会；联系associate v联系6basis n基础；根据base vt.依据7technique n技术；技巧technical adj.技术的technician n技师8feature n特征；容貌；特色；特写 vi.以为特色；特写9conscience n良心；是非感10worthy adj.有价值的；可敬的11expense n费用；代价expensive adj.昂贵的12broadcast n广播；播音 v广播；播送13generate vt.产生；发生generation n一代；一辈14response n回答；响应；反应15refresh vt.使(精神)振作；使恢复；更新.重点短语必记1if so要是这样2keep.in mind 记住3o. 把变成4in other words 换句话说5fit into 适合；适应6grab the attention 赢得注意7on the other hand 另一方面8rely on 依靠，依赖9have no use for 不需要；厌恶；对不耐烦10at no extra cost 没有额外成本.常用句型必备1With_so_many_messages_from_advertisers_filling_our_daily_lives，it is important to understand how advertisements work.2Television adverts are expensive to_make_and_to_show.3However_good_an_advertisement_is，people are unlikely to be persuaded if the product is unsuitable for them.课文大意理解1Which kind of advertisements turn us into walking advertisements?AThe kind in train stations.BThe kind on the Internet.CThe kind on our casual garments.DThe kind in magazines and newspapers.答案：C2Which group does making computer game ads appeal to?AAdults.BAdolescent boys.CYoung women. DAll the above.答案：B3Which kind of adverts can give you more detail?ATV. BMagazine.CNewspaper. DB and C.答案：D4What do the advertisers consider?AThe expense.BTarget audience.CMedia appreciate for the product.DAll the above.答案：D5Why does the government pay a lot of money for some ads?ATo change our opinion over time.BFor money.CFor selling the product.DNo answer in the text.答案：A.根据课文改错1Even some of the casual garments with brand names attached to them turn us to walking advertisements._答案：第二个to改为into2With so many messages from advertisers filled our daily lives，it is important to understand how advertisements work._答案：filled改为filling3Then we can avoid to be controlled by them._答案：to be改为being4Their money would be wasted if the message didnt reach its target audience，in other word the people the advertisement intends to persuade._答案：word改为words5However，it would be no use to advertise products on radio if the ad relies on visual effects._答案：to advertise改为advertising.课文缩写填空We can meet many advertisements in our daily life.An advertisement is a message or an announcement that_1_ or influences people.Advertisers must pay for their ads，so the message must reach the _2_ audience，or their money would be wasted.So they must do some research to make the product _3_ the audiences lives.Identifying their target is not enough，they should try their best to appeal to their target.For example，the environmental protection advertisement appeals to the audiences _4_ or their desire to be _5_ citizens.At the same time，advertisers must also place their ads in the right medium，such as TV，newspapers，magazines.To do this，they also need to spend money.They have to be a big _6_ with a big _7_ to afford the ads.In addition to worrying about the _8_，advertisers must consider which media are most appreciate.For example，if the ad _9_ visual effects，it is no use advertising products on radio.However，people dont buy the products they are not interested in or _10_.答案：1.informs2.target3.fit into4.conscience5.worthy6.corporation7.budget8.expense9.relies on10.have no use for单词点击1casual adj.(1)偶然的；碰巧的a casual encounter/meeting/visitor etc.偶然的相遇(会议、来访者等)(2)不注意的，马虎的；漠不关心的，无动于衷的； 不彻底的，不条理的Her attitude towards her job is rather casual.她对工作的态度很随便。a casual inspection 草率的检查(3)非正式的；非永久的，不定期的；临时的；不正规的casual wear便装They earn their living by casual labor.他们靠打短工生活。 (1)She is very active and always attends family parties and _(其他非正式场合)(2)It was just a _ (随便说说)答案：(1)other casual occasions(2)casual remark2inform v通知；告知He will inform us where to go.他将通知我们去哪儿。He informed them of his arrival.他告诉他们他到了。He informed the police that some money was missing.他向警方报案说有些钱不见了。Keep me informed of fresh development.随时告诉我新的发展。inform sb.that .通知某人某事inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事inform sb.what/where/when/how to do 通知某人keep sb. informed of/about sth.使某人随时知道某事的(最新)情况informed adj. 有知识的，明智的，获得信息的wellinformed adj. 消息灵通的information nU 消息，资料 The manager promised to keep me_ of how our business was going on.Ato be informedBon informingCinformed Dinforming解析：选Cme与动词inform之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。3basis n基础What is the basis of your opinion?你这种说法有什么根据？on the basis of以为基础base vt. 依据base.on. 基于They decided she was the best one for the job on the basis of her exam marks.根据她的考试成绩，他们决定她是这项工作的最佳人选。The film based on the novel by Mo Yan is well worth seeing.根据莫言的小说改编的电影非常值得观看。 (江苏高考)_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.ABasedBBasingCBase DTo base解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感基础上，而不是以理性思考为基础，你迟早会后悔的。此处动词base与其逻辑主语you之间构成主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。4feature vt.以为特色，特写n.特征，容貌，特色，特写This store features roundtheclock service.昼夜服务是这家商店的特色。Wet weather is a feature of life in Scotland.潮湿的天气是苏格兰的特色。 (1)_(是以鱼为主) in the food of these islanders.(2)Her mouth is _(她的显著特点)答案：(1)Fish features very largely(2)her best feature5conscience n良心；道德感I got nothing to hide.My conscience is clear.我没有什么隐瞒的，我问心无愧。(1)according to ones conscience凭良心have a bad/guilty/an evil conscience 有愧于良心，内疚go against ones conscience 昧着良心rouse the conscience of 唤醒的良知(2)conscious adj. 意识到的，有知觉的；有意识的，有觉悟的be conscious of 意识到Go your way according to your own conscience.凭你自己的良心办事。One must be conscious of ones shortcomings.人须有自知之明。 I was not _ that I had cut myself until I saw the blood all over my hand.AknownBawakeCdisturbed Dconscious解析：选Dknow为动词，意为“知道”；awake“醒着的”；disturb“打扰”；conscious“意识到的；有知觉的”。由题干中的was可知，D项符合语法和句意。6worthy adj.有价值的；可尊敬的；配得上的He is a worthy man.他是一个受人尊敬的人。Pollution is worthy of notice.污染值得注意。worthy，worth，worthwhile(1)be worthy of(2)be worth(3)It is worthwhile The film is so moving that _ (它值得观看) again.答案：it is worth seeing7expense n费用，代价We are surprised at the terrible expense of having the house repaired.我们惊讶于修房子的惊人花费。If you met holiday expenses for me，I would have one.如果你为我支付假期费用，我就去度假。at great/little expense花了很多/少钱at the expense of 在损失或损坏的情况下at ones expense 花某人的钱；对某人不利spare no expense 不惜一切代价；不惜工本expensive adj. 昂贵的，费用大的He did that at the expense of the company.他那样做对公司不利。expense，cost，price，fee(1)expense表示“费用”时，用法和cost相似，可指生活方面的各种费用，但expense多用于指大量、大规模的花费，常用复数。(2)cost指货物、服务的成本或代价。指“成本、费用”时是可数名词，指服务费用或一般费用。指“代价，牺牲”时，既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。(3)price指“(商品出售的)价格”，尤指卖主所定的价格。(4)fee常指“会费，学费，报名费，入场费”或者“付给(医生，律师，教师)的服务费，酬金”，是可数名词。What price did you pay for this suit？(What is the price of this suit)?这套西装你花了多少钱？(这套西装多少钱？)She saved the boy from drowning at the cost of her own life.她救了这个溺水的男孩，却牺牲了自己的生命。He couldnt pay the lawyers fees so he decided to speak for himself.他付不起律师费，所以决定为自己代言。 His business was very successful，but it was at the _ of his family life.AconsumptionBcreditCexhaustion Dexpense解析：选D句意：他的生意非常成功，但却是以他的家庭生活为代价而获得的。at the expense of“以为代价；在损坏的情况下”。故D项符合句意。8response n回答；回应；反应In response to your inquiries，we regret to tell you that we can not help you in this matter.作为回答，我们很遗憾地告诉你我们在这件事情上无能为力。My mother opened the door in response to the knock，but there was no one outside.听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。The teacher asked him a question，but he made no response as if he didnt hear it.老师问了他一个问题，但是他像没听到似的没有作出回答。in response to作出对的反应make a quick response to 对作出很快的反应respond vi. 回答；答复，响应respond to响应，回答，对作出反应respond with a smile 以微笑作为回答respond to sb. with sth. 用回答某人The government has responded to pressure and dropped the proposal.政府已在压力下放弃了这一建议。 The school should_ immediately to the parents request that students attend classes on Sundays.AanswerBobeyCfollow Drespond解析：选Danswer，obey，follow均为及物动词，不与介词to连用；respond为不及物动词，与介词to构成短语respond to“对作出答复”。9refresh vt.使(精神)振作；使恢复；更新A rest and a cool drink will refresh you.休息一会再喝杯冷饮会使你消除疲劳。Those old melodious songs refresh my memory of the old days once more.那些动听的老歌又唤起了我对那些逝去时光的回忆。refresh ones memory唤起某人的记忆refresh by sleep 通过睡眠恢复精力be refreshed in body and mind 身心爽快refreshing adj.令人精神爽快的；新奇的refreshment n. 精神爽快；点心have/take some refreshments 吃些点心refreshments provided 备有茶点Its refreshing to meet a girl these days who doesnt wear eye makeup.就现在来说，能看到一位眼部没有化妆的姑娘是件新奇的事。Refreshments will be served after the meeting.会议后有点心招待。 他冲了个凉水澡凉快凉快。_答案：He refreshed himself with a cool shower.短语精析1if so要是这样Are you married？If so，give your wifes name.你结婚了没有？如果结了的话，把你太太的名字告诉我。if any如果有的话if possible/necessary 如果可能/必要的话if only要是就好了(后用虚拟语气)if ever 如果曾经有的话 Look at the trouble I am in，if only I_ your advice.AfollowedBwould followChad followed Dshould follow解析：选Cif only后跟从句用虚拟语气，句中表达对过去的虚拟，故用过去完成时。2keep.in mind记住He promised to keep my wishes in mind.他答应考虑我的愿望。bear/have sth. in mind记得某事make up ones mind 下决心come to ones mind 突然想到never mind 不要紧A good idea came to my mind.我想出了个好主意。 (1)He_(下定决心) to become a scientist.(2)_(牢记) that diligence leads to success.答案：(1)made up his mind(2)Keep in o.把变成；把译成Water can turn into ice at 0.水在0时会结成冰。Turn this paragraph into Chinese，please.请把这段内容译成汉语。 (1)They will _ the building _ a hospital (把变成)(2)Can you _ the sentence _ English (把译成)?答案：(1)turn；into(2)turn；into4in other words换句话说Im not used to the way you spoke to me.In other words，I dont want to continue our conversation.我不习惯你对我的谈话方式，换句话讲，我不想继续我们的谈话了。in word口头上in words 用语言(来表达)in a/one word 简言之，总之have a word with 与谈一谈get in a word 插话；插嘴leave word 留言Before I could get in a word，he had left the room.没等我插话，他就离开了房间。 Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard；_，you failed.Ain the endBafter allCin other words Dat the same time解析：选C考查短语语义辨析。in the end“最后”；after all“毕竟；终究”；in other words“换句话说”；at the same time“同时”。空后是对空前的解释。故选C项。5fit into适合，配合It is not easy for a newcomer to fit into a new company.对一个新来的员工来说，要适应/融入进一家新公司是不容易的。How can sports fit into our schedule?怎样才能使体育活动适合于我们的时间表呢？ (1)Such products can never _ (适合) ordinary peoples life.(2)Children can easily _ (适应) foreign cultures.答案：(1)fit into(2)fit into6grab the attention赢得注意Ads that feature rich and famous people will grab the attention of those who admire people like that.有富人和名人特写的广告会抓住那些欣赏他们的人的注意。attract/draw ones attention引起某人注意bring sth. to sb.s attention 使某人注意某事call sb.s attention to sth. 叫某人注意某事devote ones attention to 专心于pay attention to 注意Teachers should try to draw the students attention to their lessons.老师应该努力使学生对自己所教的课注意。 It was what he said at the meeting that _ peoples attention to him.Apaid BcalledCgave Dattracted解析：选D该句为一强调句。句意：正是他在会上所说的引起了人们对他的注意。attract ones attention“引起某人的注意”。7rely on依赖；依靠；指望Dont always rely on the weather report.别总指望天气预报。The old man relied on his son to tell the truth，but he realized he was wrong at last.老人指望儿子告诉他实情，但最后他意识到他错了。rely on sth.依靠rely on sb. to do sth. 依赖某人做某事rely on it that . 可以放心You can rely on it that he will help you.你放心，他会帮助你的。George is a boy who can_.Arely onBbe relied onCbe relied Dreliable解析：选Brely on为固定短语，根据句意为被动含义。在被动结构中介词on不能省略；reliable为形容词。8have no use for不需要；厌烦，厌恶I have no use for novels like that.我不喜欢那样的小说。Would really good advertising persuade you to buy products you have no use for?好的广告真能说服你去买你用不着的产品吗？ (1)I _(厌恶) those who are always complaining.(2)These are the books _ (我不喜欢的)答案：(1)have no use for(2)I have no use for9at no extra cost没有额外的成本When you buy two，they will give you two more at no extra cost.当你买两个时，他们会多给你两个，而不会多要钱。at cost按成本at the cost of 以为代价to ones cost 吃了苦头之后才If you buy more than 10 books，well sell them to you at cost.如果你买10本书以上，我们将按成本价卖给你。 (1)It is said that some goods in the supermarket are sold_ (按成本价)(2)He saved his daughters from the fire but_(以自己的生命为代价)(3)I know _(吃了苦头之后) that a broken leg can be very painful.答案：(1)at cost price(2)at the cost of his own life(3)to my cost句型归纳1With_so_many_messages_from_advertisers_filling_our_daily_lives，it is important to understand how advertisements work.我们的日常生活中充满了众多的广告信息，可见了解广告如何发挥作用是很重要的事情。with复合结构(也称为“独立主格结构”)的构成形式为“with名词(代词)分词/名词/形容词/不定式/副词/介词短语”，多在句中作状语，表示时间、方式、原因等。With everything done，they left work for home.所有事情都做完以后，他们下班回家了。He likes to sleep with lights on.他喜欢开着灯睡。With so many problems to deal with，he had to work overtime.因为有好多问题需要处理，他只好加班工作。The girl rushed in，with sweat on her face.那女孩子冲进来，脸上挂着汗珠。此外，这个结构偶尔作后置定语。She came to a brook with willow trees on both sides.她来到一条两岸长着柳树的小河边。 With a great number of questions_，he is having a hard time.Ato answer BansweredCanswering Dto be answered解析：选A根据句意，动作尚未发生，故在with复合结构中只能用不定式结构。由于句子中能够找到动作的发出者，故用主动形式。2Television_adverts_are_expensive_to_make_and_to_show.电视广告的制作和播放是很贵的。本句是“主语系动词形容词不定式”结构，其中句子的主语与句末的不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系。能够经常这么用的形容词还有：easy，difficult，hard，comfortable，fi