2019高中英语LearningtoLearn教案（含解析）北师大版必修4.docx

Learning to Learn一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.native adj.出生地的，本土的2.billion n. 十亿3.variety n. 多样化，多样性4.bow vi. 鞠躬；点头5.defeat vt. 战胜，击败6.percentage n. 百分比，百分率.拓展词汇1.exist vi.存在，生存existence n存在，生存2.motivate vt.使有动机，促使，激发motivation n动力，诱因3.passerby n经过的人，过路人passersby n(复数形式)4.technique n技术，技巧technical adj.(有)技术的；工艺的technician n技术员，技师technology n工艺学5.fluently adv.流利地fluent adj.流畅的fluency n流行，流畅1.achievement n成就，完成同义accomplishment n成就，成绩；完成词块a sense of achievement 成就感make achievements in 在方面有成就2.billion n十亿联想其他相关数词hundred 百thousand 千million 百万3.bow vi.鞠躬；点头 n弓词块give a bow 鞠躬bow sb. in/out 躬身迎入/送出bow to sth. 顺从某事物，接受某事物4.defeat vt.战胜，击败n.失败，击败同义beat; win5.fluently adv.流利地联想后缀ly副词小结fortunately/luckily 幸运地obviously 显然地elegantly 优雅地二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.be similar to与相似2look up 抬头看；查阅3break up 散(会)；分开；拆散4put off 推迟，拖延5a variety of 种种，多种多样的6deal with 处理，对付7in danger of 有的危险8work sth.out 解决；算出；计划9pick up 拾起，捡起10round up 使聚拢起来1.native speaker/language说母语的人/本国语，母语2in the future 未来3at present 目前，现在4take every opportunity(to do) 利用一切机会(去做)5on the anniversary 在周年纪念日6standard English 标准英语7in an excellent situation 处于良好的状况8international communication 国际交流9right now 现在此刻10make sense 有意义，讲得通三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.The more you use English, the more you will want to learn it.你英语用得越多，你就越想学。“the比较级(主语谓语)，the比较级(主语谓语)”意思是“越，就越”。 The_harder you work, the_greater_progress youll make.你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。2.One view is that English is going to become even more important as a global language . while some other languages will become less important or just disappear.有一种观点认为，作为全球通用语的英语会变得更加重要然而其他一些语言会变得不那么重要或者会面临消失。 while是并列连词，意为“然而，却”，连接两个并列分句，表示前后两种情况的对比。 Im good at playing table tennis, while_my_brother_is_good_at_playing_tennis.我擅长打乒乓球，而我弟弟擅长打网球。1(教材P4)native(1)adj.本土的，出生地的be native to .原产于native land/speaker/language 故乡/说母语的人/母语I badly need to improve my oral English, so it is great for me to find a native speaker to learn from. (2015四川高考满分作文)我急需提高我的英语口语，因此对我来说能找到一位以英语为母语的人来学习真是太好了。The panda is native to China, which likes eating bamboos very much.大熊猫原产于中国，它非常喜欢吃竹子。(2)n.出生于某地的人，本地人，当地人The visitors there are natives of Russia.那里的参观者是俄罗斯当地人。2(教材P4)Thats a big achievement!那是一项大成就！achievement nU达成，完成C 成就，成绩(1)a sense of achievement成就感make achievements in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面取得成就(2)achieve v. 完成，达到，实现achieve success/victory 取得成功/胜利achieve ones goal/purpose 达到目标/目的I felt a great sense of achievement when I reached the top of the mountain.当我到达山顶的时候，我有一种巨大的成就感。While Tom is a smart boy, he still needs to work hard to achieve_his_goal.尽管汤姆是个聪明的孩子，但他仍然需要努力工作才能实现目标。Zhu Zhiwen, a grassroot singer, has made great achievements (achieve) in the last few years.朱之文，一位草根明星，在过去的几年里取得了巨大的成绩。3(教材P4)Dont put it off. Begin now!不要拖延，现在就开始吧！put off推迟；使延期It has become a habit for some students to put off their homework.(2015广东高考读写任务)对于一些学生来说，推迟做作业已经成为了一种习惯。Though he is busy, he never puts off visiting_(visit) his parents.尽管他很忙，但他从不推迟去探望父母。I want the meeting to be held on time. Dont put_it_off.我想要会议按时举行，不要推迟。名师点津(1)put off 的宾语为代词时，应放在 put 与 off 之间，为名词或动名词时应放在 off 之后。(2)put off delay, 后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语，而不能跟不定式。put up举起；安装；张贴；建造，搭起；在投宿put up with 忍受，容忍put out 熄灭；关(灯)；出版；生产put aside 储存，保留；把放在一边，暂不考虑put forward 提出(理论、意见等)put away 把收起；储存，积攒It may not be a great suggestion. But before a better one is put forward,_well make do with it.这也许不是一个很好的建议，但在提出一个更好的建议之前，我们还是凑合着用吧。I can put_up_with the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean.房子里东西凌乱我能忍，但是如果它不干净那么我很讨厌它。4(教材P5)Two thousand years ago, English did not exist. 2 000年前，英语还不存在。exist vi.存在，生存(1)exist in .存在于exist on sth. 靠某物生存(2)existence n. 存在，实有come into existencecome into being 产生；成立As everyone knows, one cant exist without air.人尽皆知，没有空气人就不能生存。Do you believe in the existence of ghosts？Perhaps they only exist in some peoples imagination.你相信鬼魂的存在吗？或许它们只存在于一些人的想象里。Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came_into_existence.关于宇宙起初是如何产生的，科学家们有许多种说法。The worker earned little money a month, so he had to exist on only fast noodles. 这个工人一个月挣的钱很少，因此他不得不仅靠方便面度日。名师点津exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。5(教材P5)At present, over half the worlds 6,500 languages are in danger of disappearing. 现在，世界上6 500种语言中有一半以上正在消失。(1)at present目前，现在(at the present time)At present/At the present time, more and more people have realized the importance of a lowcarbon lifestyle.现在，越来越多的人们已经意识到低碳生活方式的重要性了。(2)present adj.目前的，现在的；出席的，到场的n.礼物；现在for the present暂时，目前be present at 出席，在席Ive got enough money for_the_present,_but I must go to the bank tomorrow.我的钱暂时还够用，但我明天必须去银行取款。(3)present v赠送；呈现；陈述present sb.with sth.赠送/授予某人某物present sth.to . 捐赠某物给His father promised to present him with a computer if he passed the examination.His father promised to present a computer_to_ him if he passed the examination.他父亲承诺如果考试及格，就赠给他一台电脑。形象记忆名师点津用present的形容词作定语时，如果表示“目前的”意思，常作前置定语；如果表示“出席的；在场的”意思，常用作后置定语。语境串记The chairman presented a present to all the people present at the party and presented his opinions on the present situation.在聚会上，主席向到场的每一个人都赠送了一份礼物，并针对目前的形势陈述了他的见解。6(教材P5)Another view is that English is already breaking up into several separate languages.另一种观点是英语已经被分解成几种不同的语言。break up分解，分裂；破裂，驱散break down (机器、车辆等)坏了，出故障；(精神等)崩溃，垮掉break in 插嘴，打岔break into 强行进入；打断break through 冲破，突破break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生或爆发break off 中止，中断，打断Im surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken up.They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.听说苏和保罗分手了我很吃惊。我最后见到他们时他们看上去在一起很开心。See, your computer has broken down again! It doesnt make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.(2015天津高考单选) 看，你的电脑又坏了！只为省几美元买最便宜牌子的电脑是没有意义的。When the fire broke out,_many people were shopping in the supermarket.当火灾发生时，很多人正在超市里购物。Mr Albert broke off speaking to answer the telephone during the speech.阿尔伯特先生在演讲过程中中断了演讲去接电话。7(教材P5)Although different varieties of English will continue to develop around the world, standard English will survive for international communication.虽然不同种类的英语将继续在全世界发展，但是以国际交流为目的的标准英语仍将存在。variety n种类，品种；多样化，多样性(1)a variety of 各种各样的varieties of 各种各样的(2)various adj. 不同的，各种各样的(3)vary v. 改变，变更，修改vary from .to . 由到不等vary with . 随变化/改变vary in . 在方面不同There are a wide variety of phones for the customers to choose from in the shop. 这家商店有许多种手机可供顾客选择。One of the advantages is that we can find a_variety_of/varieties_of/various topics, such as science, culture and history.(湖南高考书面表达)其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如：科学、文化、历史等。However, opinions on this matter vary from person to person.然而，不同的人对这个问题持不同的观点。Generally speaking, prices of fruit and vegetables often vary with the season.一般来说，水果和蔬菜的价格常随季节而变化。8(教材P6) . and as they defeated the people in Europe, they spread Latin everywhere. 当他们(罗马人)击败欧洲人后，他们到处传播拉丁语。defeat vt.战胜，击败n.战败；失败Though he tried several times, he suffered a series of defeats.尽管他尝试了多次，但得到的却是一连串的失败。Though he admitted he was_defeated (defeat), yet he didnt lose heart.尽管他承认被打败了，但他从来没有失去信心。辨析比较defeat/beat, windefeat/beatdefeat 和 beat 是同义词，其宾语为“人”或“一个团体”，常可互换。defeat 侧重在战场上打败敌人；在游戏或比赛中击败对手时beat 与defeat可互换。winwin 后接 sth.，表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，宾语多用 game, match，election, prize 等词，不能是人。We_defeated/beat_them in the game last Sunday and finally we won the match.我们上周日在比赛中打败了他们，最终我们赢得了比赛。1The more you use English, the more you will want to learn it.你英语用得越多，你就越想学。“the more ., the more .” 属于“the比较级(主语谓语)，the比较级(主语谓语)”句型，表示“越就越”。第一个“the比较级(主语谓语)”相当于一个条件句，因此，要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。第二个“the比较级 .”相当于主句，表结果。The more a man knows, the more he is inclined to be modest.谚语大智若愚。As everybody knows, the lazier a person is, the_more_things he needs to do tomorrow.众所周知，一个人越懒，明天他需要做的事情就越多。The more he eats, the_fatter (fat) he gets.他吃得越多就越胖。2One view is that English is going to become even more important as a global language，being most widely used in trade and media while some other languages will become less important or just disappear.有一种观点认为，作为全球通用语的英语会变得更加重要，并在商界和传媒界应用最广泛，然而其他一些语言会变得不那么重要或者会面临消失。句中的while是并列连词，意为“然而，却”，连接两个并列分句，表示前后两种情况的对比，其中being most widely used in trade and media 在第一个分句中作状语。It is believed that Chinese people are living for others, while the Americans are for themselves.普遍认为中国人为别人而活，而美国人为他们自己而活。while 作连词时的其他用法：(1)从属连词，意为“当时”，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语动词为延续性动词。While (she was) listening to the radio, she fell asleep.她听收音机时睡着了。(while 引导时间状语从句)名师点津while引导时间状语从句时，当主从句的主语一致且含有be动词时，遵循“省略”原则，即把从句的主语和be动词省略。My daughter is lost in it like a pianist while playing (play) the piano.当我女儿弹钢琴时，她总是陶醉于其中就像个钢琴家。(2)从属连词，意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。We can surely overcome these difficulties while we are closely united.只要我们紧密团结起来，我们肯定能战胜这些困难。(while 引导条件状语从句)(3)从属连词，意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，从句常位于句首，相当于although或though。While the Internet is of great use to us, I dont think we should spend too much time on it.尽管因特网对我们非常有用，我认为我们不应该花费太多的时间在它上面。(while 引导让步状语从句).单句语法填空1The room is in a mess. It must have been broken into.2Having_been_defeated (defeat) three times in a row，the boxer decided to give up fighting.3On Teachers Day, my students presented me with some flowers.4The sports meeting will be put off because of the bad weather.5It is generally believed that the harder (hard) you study, the more successful you will be.6As is known to us, China came into existence (exist) as an independent country in 1949.7Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety (vary) of reasons.8The scientists in China have made great achievements(achieve) in exploring the space.9While watching (watch) television, we heard the doorbell ring.完成句子1The store provides customers with_a_variety_of/varieties_of_goods every day.这家商店每天为顾客提供各种各样的商品。2We shall not need any more for_the_present.我们暂时不需要更多的东西了。3No one knows when such a custom first came_into_existence.没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始有的。4Mr. James put_forward_a_good_solution to the problem at the meeting.詹姆斯先生在会上提出了一个解决问题的好办法。5As we all know，the giant panda is_native_to_China.众所周知，大熊猫是中国特有的动物。6Pull yourself together. Dont have a nervous break_down on me now.控制你的情绪，别让我紧张得快崩溃了。7I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve_your_dream_of_being_admitted_to_a_key_university,_which will give you_a_wonderful_sense_of_achievement.我坚信你一定会实现被重点大学录取的梦想，这会给你一种巨大的成就感。8The more careful you are while_writing a composition, the_fewer_mistakes_you_will_make.当写作文的时候，你越细心，所犯的错误就越少。.阅读理解Youve probably never heard of Dr. June McCarroll, but shes truly a woman who left her mark on the world. Born in Nebraska, she was a general practitioner who lived in California. Interestingly enough, her fame lies outside the world of medicine. An accident got her thinking about making our highways safer. Her car was sideswiped (擦边)，and she determined to do something about cars that crowded others off the road.Driving on a road that bulged (突起) down its center，Dr. McCarroll noticed that the bulge helped to keep motorists on their own side of the road. That gave her an idea. She tried persuading the local government to “paint a line down the middle of the road” to set an example and “lead the nation in public safety.”She got the typical bureaucratic (官僚的) response. However, she was someone who would not take no for an answer. So she took her idea to the local womens club. The vote was unanimous (无记名的) in support of the project. Still, she continued to face bureaucratic stubbornness (固执) for seven long years before her idea was put into practice.In 1924 the California Highway Commission agreed to experiment with a centerline on two sections of Route 99. Accidents on both test stretches were reduced greatly, and soon the entire state marked McCarroll lines on its highways. Most of the world has since followed suit. Message: When you believe in an idea, go after that idea, especially if people you respect believe its a good one.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Dr.June McCarroll是第一个提出在高速公路的中央划分界线的人，她因为这个创意而闻名于世。1What would be the best title for the passage?ASafety Problems on the HighwayBThe Woman Who Drew the LineCA Woman Who Had Her Own MindDHow the Highway Was Made Safer解析：选B标题归纳题。综合分析文章可知，Dr. June McCarroll是第一个提出在高速公路的中央画分界线的人，因为她的这个创意，高速公路交通事故大大降低，故B项最能体现文章的中心。2When Dr. June McCarroll first put forward her suggestion, the local government_.Adidnt support herBheld an unanimous voteCasked the local womens club to consider itDthought it was worth trying解析：选A细节理解题。从文章第三段前两句可知，官员们没有理会她。3We learn from the last paragraph that _.ADr. June McCarrolls idea only worked on two sections of Route 99Ba centerline on the highway worked as well as the bulgeCDr. June McCarrolls idea proved to be quite usefulDonly the state of California accepted Dr. June McCarrolls idea解析：选C细节理解题。文章最后一段说明，在高速公路中央画线后，事故大大降低，其他国家纷纷效仿，因此C项正确。4Through the story of Dr. June McCarroll, the author intends to tell us _.Awe can become famous outside our own fieldBa chance always waits for someone who is well preparedCwe should go after our own idea no matter what others sayDwe should never give up our idea if we believe in it.解析：选D推理判断题。文章介绍Dr. June McCarroll的提议虽然遭到官方的冷遇，但她从来没有放弃通过自己的努力最终获得成功。文章最后总结一旦你认为自己的想法是正确的就应该坚持、不放弃。因此D项符合作者的意图。.语法填空On a hot summer day I was traveling down the highway to Los Angeles. During my travel another driver suddenly started merging into my lane. Being in the far right lane, my car _1_ (force) onto the shoulder of the road.Being a professional driver, I managed _2_ (drive) my car back onto the highway without an accident.While I wasnt very happy with the person for cutting me off, I considered it _3_