高考英语复习Unit4ManofVirtue阅读理解组块专练——练速度（含解析）重庆大学版.docx

Unit 4 Man of Virtue 阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解ABike Share Toronto is the citys official bike share program, designed to give locals and visitors a fun, affordable and convenient alternative to walking, taxis, buses and the subway.There are 200 Bike Share Toronto stations and 2,000 bikes across the city, making Bike Share the most accessible way to get around and explore.How it worksBecome an Annual Member or buy a Day Pass to access the system.Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.Take as many short rides as you want while your pass or membership is active.Return your bike to any station, and wait for the green light on the dock (停靠点)to make sure its locked.Choose a planFor visitorsDay Pass: $7.Unlimited 30minute rides in a 24hour period.3Day Pass: $15.Unlimited 30minute rides in a 72hour period.For localsMonthly Pass：$25.Unlimited 30minute rides for a month.Annual Membership: $90.Unlimited 30minute rides for a whole year.The Annual Membership is the best deal for locals of Toronto and other frequent riders.The first 30 minutes of each ride are included with the membership or pass price.Avoid extra fees by dropping off your bike every 30 minutes at any other station.If you keep a bike out for longer than 30 minutes at a time, you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over, $4 for the next 30 minutes, and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.Contact usCustomer Service: (855) 8982378Repair Service: (855) 8982388Corporation Partners: (855) 8982398Employment Opportunities: (855) 8982498语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了加拿大城市多伦多实行共享单车的一些情况：单车怎样运行、怎样收费和联系方式。1How much will the extra fee be if you travel for two hours by bike?A$5.5.B$9.5.C$12.5. D$15.5.解析：选C细节理解题。根据“Choose a plan”部分中的“If you keep a bike out for longer than 30 minutes at a time, you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over, $4 for the next 30 minutes, and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.”可以列出算式1.504712.5(美元)，故选C项。2For more information about working at Bike Share Toronto, contact it at _.A(855)8982378 B(855)8982388C(855)8982398 D(855)8982498解析：选D细节理解题。根据“Contact us”部分提供的四个电话联系方式：Customer Service (顾客服务电话), Repair Service (修车服务电话), Corporation Partners (公司合作服务电话), Employment Opportunities (就业服务电话)可知，与题干的关键词working对应的只有“Employment Opportunities”，故选D项。3Which of the following statement is TRUE?AA member can get a code or a key to the bike.BBike Share Toronto is a nonprofit organization.CShared bikes have taken the place of other vehicles.DThe green light on the dock shows the bike is unlocked.解析：选A推理判断题。根据“How it works”部分中的“Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.”可知，A选项是正确的。BEight years before his death in 1896, Alfred Nobel was surprised to read an obituary (讣告) in the local newspaper.This was a strange obituary, for it told Alfred Nobel, the man who was reading it, that he was dead.The newspaper had confused Alfred with his brother, Ludvig, who had recently died.Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away, and he was even more annoyed by the title of his obituary：The merchant of death is dead.Alfred was a very rich and successful armaments manufacturer (武器制造商)This incident got him thinking about his reputation.What would people think of him after his real death? Would they really say “That was a man who profited from killing”？ It was this thought that led him to leave his money a huge amount of it for the founding of the famous Nobel prizes.His aim was for his money to be used to support the ongoing quest (追求) for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace.Thousands of men and women have been honored since the first awards were given out in 1901.The awards let the world know about the developments that may have a huge effect on our lives.However, the prizes are controversial sometimes.There is often protest (抗议) at the award of the Peace Prize when not everyone thinks that the awardwinners deserve the award.Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers.The highly influential novelists James Joyce and Marcel Proust, for example, were never honored by the Swedish Academy.Still, for the most part the awards dont cause many complaints.Alfred Nobel founded the prizes to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit to mankind” and few would disagree that most of the prizewinners among them, Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King Jr. have made contributions that deserve to be honored and remembered.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了诺贝尔奖设立的来历。4How did Alfred Nobel feel when he read the obituary in the newspaper?ASad and worried. BShocked and upset.CSurprised and confused. DAmused and puzzled.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，当Alfred Nobel看到报纸上的这则讣告的时候，非常吃惊。根据第二段第一句可知，他不只是吃惊，而且还很生气，故选B。5What did Alfred Nobel decide to do after reading the obituary?ASeek excellence in the sciences.BDonate all his money to the charity.CStop producing any killing weapons.DSet up the Nobel prizes with his money.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It was this thought that led him to leave his money a huge amount of it for the founding of the famous Nobel prizes.”可知，阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔看到这则讣告之后，想了很多，最终决定把他大笔的钱用于设立著名的诺贝尔奖，故选D。6Why does the author mention James Joyce and Marcel Proust?ATo show the controversy of some Nobel prizes.BTo give examples of influential Nobel prizewinners.CTo explain the standard of giving out the Nobel prizes.DTo prove the influence of the Nobel prizes on literature.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段第三句“Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers.”(即便是诺贝尔文学奖有时候也会受到批评，因为奖项委员会经常会忽视重要的作家。)可知，作者以这两个人为例，是为了说明有时诺贝尔奖是存在争议的。7What does the author think of the Nobel prizes?AThere should be more female winners.BThere are too many controversial winners.CThey have honored many worthy winners.DThe committee should be more selective.解析：选C观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“few would disagree that most of the prizewinners .deserve to be honored and remembered”可知，作者认为诺贝尔奖奖励了很多值得赞赏的人，故选C。CSouth Africas worst drought in recorded history has left eight of the countrys nine provinces in a state of disaster, with thousands of communities and millions of households facing water shortages.The agricultural union Agri SA has requested over $1 billion in government subsidies (补贴) to help farmers through the crisis (危机), but a cutprice solution could soon be available from an unlikely source.Johannesburg schoolgirl Kiara Nirghin, 16, recently won the Google Science Fairs Community Impact Award for the Middle East and Africa with her invention “No More Thirsty Crops.”Using fruit peels (果皮), the intelligent student created a super absorbent polymer (聚合物) (SAP) which is able to store water hundreds of times its own weight, allowing farmers to access water at minimal cost.The polymer has an added ecofriendly benefit as it uses recycled waste products.“Kiara found an ideal material that wont hurt the budget in simple orange peel, and through her research, she created a way to turn it into soilready water storage with help from the avocado (油梨)，” said Andrea Cohan, program leader of the Google Science Fair.The inventor says she wanted to deal with the most urgent aspect of the national crisis.“I wanted to minimize the effect that drought has on the community and the main thing it affects is the crops，” Nirghin says about her invention.She describes the process as “trial and error，” with a lot of experimentation.“I started researching what an SAP was，” Nirghin says.“And I saw orange peel as a good option.I used avocado skin due to the oil.”The teenager combined the skin and peel and left the mixture in the sun, where they reacted together to form the powerfully absorbent polymer.Dr.Jinwen Zhang, a professor of materials engineering at Washington State University, says, “I think it works.Using waste products as lowcost raw materials to store water is definitely worth further investigation.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。南非女学生Kiara Nirghin用橘子皮和油梨果皮制造出一种超级吸水聚合物，能够用来储水应对干旱。8Which of the following is TRUE of Kiaras SAP?aIt is inexpensive.bIt is highly efficient.cIt is a green invention.dIt receives government support.eIt offers farmers more job opportunities.Aa, b, c Ba, c，eCb, c，d Db, d, e解析：选A细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Kiara found an ideal material that wont hurt the budget in simple orange peel”可知a正确，根据第四段中的“a super absorbent polymer (聚合物) (SAP) which is able to store water hundreds of times its own weight”可知b正确，根据第四段中的“The polymer has an added ecofriendly benefit as it uses recycled waste products.”可知c正确。故选A项。9Why did Kiara decide to develop the SAP?ATo win an important award.BTo reduce the harm of drought.CTo respond to Agri SAs request.DTo prevent droughts in South Africa.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第七段中的“I wanted to minimize the effect that drought has on the community and the main thing it affects is the crops”可知，Kiara发明这种超级吸水聚合物是为了减轻干旱带来的危害。10What do we learn about the material of the invention?AIt mainly comes from crops.BIt helps improve fruits quality.COrange peel and avocado skin must be used together.DOranges and avocados should first be dried in the sun.解析：选C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The teenager combined the skin and peel”可以推知，这项发明的材料是橘子皮和油梨果皮，两种材料必须一起使用。11What is Jinwen Zhangs attitude to Kiaras research?ADoubtful. BCautious.CUncaring. DSupportive.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I think it works.Using waste products as lowcost raw materials to store water is definitely worth further investigation”可知，Jinwen Zhang对Kiara的研究是支持的。故选D项。DPity Americas rich kids.Their millionaire parents are giving away their fortune and limiting their legacies (遗产) to “middleclass levels”A study has found that as many as 600,000 of the 3.2 million millionaires in the US will give away their personal fortunes for fear of spoiling their children.It is part of a growing trend in the US: the fight against “affluenza”， the problems associated with having too much money.Of course, affluenza is not restricted to the US rich people are everywhere.But it is only in the US, particularly in Los Angeles, that they have managed to elevate (提升) the matter to one of enormous public concerns, with a mass of TV documentaries, magazines and even bank seminars examining this trendiest behavior.Endemic (流行的) as affluenza may well be, it is nothing compared with the behavior of the superwealthy as they prevent the condition from affecting their children.This is especially so in Hollywood.Take film stars Michael Douglas and Catherine ZetaJones for example.Among their son Dylans christening gifts was a charity foundation, worth about $1.65m.“We shall see how he deals with this duty before giving him any more，” said Douglas.Actress Jamie Lee Curtis, who together with film director husband Christopher Guest has adopted two children, said, “I want them to have enough money to pay a restaurant bill, not buy the restaurant.”Sociologists have been quick to point out that the new rich were entrepreneurs (企业家) who achieved satisfaction from earning money, not spending it.One, Jeremy Brigthon, from South California University, points out that many of them were brought up in the 1960s with “liberal guilt (sympathy for the poor and shame for ones own wealth)”“This is why Bill Gates said he would not leave his family more than $100 million，” Brigthon said.“He and his wife do not want their children to live a pointless life.This is true of an increasing number of newly wealthy people beyond New York and Washington.”语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。美国的许多富人为了使自己的孩子不被财富所累，计划将大笔的遗产都捐出去。12Why would many wealthy parents donate their fortune?ATo avoid ruining their children.BTo satisfy their desire for faith.CTo improve their public image.DTo help support kids in need.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“millionaires in the US will give away their personal fortunes for fear of spoiling their children”可知，富人们把本应留给孩子们的遗产捐出去是为了避免孩子们被财富所累而变坏。13What can be inferred about affluenza?AIt exists only in the US.BIt is caused by lack of money.CIt is blamed for the increase in inequality.DIt has drawn considerable attention in Hollywood.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Endemic (流行的) as affluenza may .This is especially so in Hollywood.”可以推知，“流行性物欲症”引发了好莱坞富人们的广泛关注。14Why did Michael Douglas and his wife set up a charitable organization?ATo teach their child to be responsible.BTo guarantee their child a fruitful life.CTo make more money for their child.DTo manage the legacy for their child.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中Michael Douglas所说的“We shall see how he deals with this duty before giving him any more”可知，他们希望通过设立慈善组织让孩子成为一个有责任感的人。15What may Jeremy Brigthon agree with?AThe old rich have no sympathy for the poor.BThe new rich are proud of their selfmade fortune.CThe fight against affluenza was popular in the 1960s.DThe fight against affluenza is linked with the time people grew up in.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Jeremy Brigthon .points out that many of them were brought up in the 1960s with liberal guilt .This is why Bill Gates .would not leave his family more than $100 million”可以推知，新富起来的企业家都是从二十世纪六十年代成长起来的，他们对穷人富有同情心，所以Jeremy Brigthon可能认为这种反抗“流行性物欲症”的行为与他们所成长的年代有关。.阅读七选五Are Your Clothes Causing Pollution?Very small pieces of plastic, called microfiber, are polluting rivers and oceans._1_ Clothes worn for outdoor activities and exercise are often made of artificial materials, which are useful in keeping warm.But they contain very small plastic fibers, which may also be harming the environment when you wash them.When people wash these clothes, very small pieces go down the drain (下水道) with the wash water._2_Pollution caused by plastic is not new, but recent studies have shown the effect of microfiber on the environment.Studies show microfiber is ending up in our waters, which may come from waste water treatment factories.A 2015 study found it in fish from California.Microfibers effect on food suppliesBeyond the waterways, the researchers say microfiber may end up in soil and agricultural la