2018_2019学年高中英语Module2TheRenaissanceSectionⅠ.docx

Module 2 The RenaissanceThe Renaissance was a cultural movement that profoundly influenced European intellectual life in the early modern period.Beginning in Italy and spreading to the rest of Europe by the 16th century, its influence was felt in literature, philosophy, art, music, politics, science, religion and other aspects of intellectual inquiry.Renaissance scholars employed the humanist method in study and searched for realism and human emotion in art.It is in their new focus on literary and historical texts that Renaissance scholars differed so greatly from the medieval scholars of the Renaissance of the 12th century, who had focused on studying Greek and Arabic works of natural sciences, philosophy and mathematics, rather than on such cultural texts.In all, the Renaissance could be viewed as an attempt by intellectuals to study and improve the secular, both through the revival of ideas from antiquity, and through novel approaches to thought.,阅读障碍词intellectual adj.智力的；聪明的n.知识分子inquiry n探究；调查secular adj.世俗的antiquity n古代(尤指古希腊和古罗马时期.Match the word with its meaning.1disturbing A作品2subject B新领域3dull C激发，激励4basically D透视(画)法；透视效果；透视感5work E效果；作用6effect F坦克7shade G(绘画，摄影等的)主题8frontier H基本上，本质上，大致说来9perspective I(文艺的)复兴10motivate J枯燥的；沉闷的11skilled K中世纪的12tank L(图画等中的)阴影；阴暗部分13parachute M有技巧的，熟练的14renaissance N降落伞15medieval O引起烦恼的；令人不安的答案：15OGJHA610ELBDC1115MFNIK.Write down the meaning of phrases in each sentence.1I saw them walking hand in hand through the town the other day._手牵手2Compared with/to cars, bicycles have many advantages.与相比3I met him at the cinema for the first time.第一次4He went to the party as well as his sister.也；不仅而且5In short, finishing the job is not so easy as you may think.总之，简言之6Her words will impress themselves on my memory for all time.永远7I have to wake up at 6 am for I have a lot of things to do.醒来，唤醒8The yellow curtains contrast with the blue bedcover.与形成对照1Look at the following pictures, and match the pictures with the names. Which history period do they belong to?a.William ShakespearebDante AlighiericLeonardo da Vinci dVan GoghThey belong to the period of _.答案：cdba；the Renaissance2The Renaissance is considered as an important chapter in European history. Do you know the reasons?_参考答案：During the Renaissance, new ideas and values replaced those held in the Middle Ages.There are many poets and artists in this period, such as Dante, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and so on.The effects of the Renaissance are long lasting, and it has affected many generations.FastreadingMatch the following paragraphs with their main ideas.Para.1AThe implication of the Renaissance.Para.2BTrade one factor of the Renaissance.Para.3CA change in ideas about religion.Para.4DThe introduction of the Mona Lisa.Para.5ESomething Leonardo did as a skilled inventor.Para.6FLeonardos influence on history.Para.7GThe new ideas on painting, music and architecture.答案：DABGCEF.CarefulreadingRead the text carefully and choose the best answer.1Which of the following offered a solid foundation for the birth of the Renaissance?APeoples hard life.BWelldeveloped education.CHuman rights.DThe development of European economy.2The Renaissance _.Ais no more than the Mona LisaBmeans the development in arts at that timeCgot its name from an English wordDspread from Germany to France3How was philosophy at that time different from that before?APhilosophers put religion at the centre of the universe.BPhilosophers put people at the centre of the universe.CPhilosophers thought human life was of little value.DPhilosophers thought God was great.4People think Leonardo was an extraordinary genius as well as a great artist because_.Ahe was employed by the King of France to do scientific researchBhe discovered how to use perspective and the effects of lightChe was interested in everything and had many different talentsDhe always took a notebook with him, in which he wrote down his ideas答案：14DABC.StudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Wherever he went, he carried a notebook around with him, in which he wrote down his ideas.句式分析尝试翻译不管走到哪里，他都随身携带一个笔记本，以便随时记录下自己的想法。2They included detailed drawings of the human body, plans for engineers to build canals and bridges, and astonishing drawings of machines which were not to be built until hundreds of years later, such as aeroplanes, parachutes, submarines and tanks.句式分析本句是一个复合句； 主句中they是主语，detailed drawings of the human body, plans for engineers to build canals and bridges, and astonishing drawings of machines是宾语；which 引导定语从句修饰先行词machines。尝试翻译它们(这些想法)包括细致的人体素描、供工程师建造运河和桥梁的设计以及一些令人震惊的机械制图，这些直到几百年后才被制造出来，例如飞机、降落伞、潜水艇和坦克。对应学生课下能力提升(五)阅读理解AIn the later half of the 13th century, a new trend of fine arts appeared in the central part of Italy with Florence as its centre, representing the change from fine arts of Middle Ages to Renaissance art.At that time, Florence school became the main stream of fine arts.The 14th century saw the birth of a great artist Giotto.His art bore a striking tendency of Realism.For most people Giotto_is_the_first_name_in_European_painting_since_antiquity_(古代)That he had breathed fresh life into painting was recognised by people of the day, and later by Ghiberti and Vasari.Before Giotto, painting was still considered a “mechanical” art.Giotto came to occupy a position of great respect in Florence.Though he was employed by the Bardi and Peruzzi families, owners of the most important European banking houses of the day, he never limited his activity to Florence, and prestigious (声望很高的) commission in other parts of Italy kept him on the move frequently.At a time when Italys flourishing economy made every Italian city an independent cultural and artistic centre, Giotto went beyond regional barriers and the effect of his art was felt throughout the peninsula (半岛)In his lifetime Giotto has raised painting to a prestigious level among the arts, to such a high level that it influenced sculpture.Italian painting can be said to have changed greatly with the appearance of Giotto than ever before.The motivation Giotto gave to the arts was so great that it determined the fate of European painting.By the middle of the fourteenth century Europe had already become aware of Giottos new ideas, which agreed with the growing secular tendency in European society.语篇解读：乔托，意大利杰出的画家，被认定是意大利文艺复兴时期的开创者，被誉为“欧洲绘画之父”。1Before the later half of the 13th century_.Afine arts of Middle Ages was the main streamBRenaissance art was the main streamCFlorence school began to disappearDGiotto became a great artist解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段可知，13世纪后半期，美术发生了很大的变化，从中世纪美术向文艺复兴美术转变。由此可判断出在13世纪前半期，中世纪美术为主流。故答案为A。2What does the author mean by saying “Giotto is the first name in European painting since antiquity” in Paragraph 2?AGiotto is the artists first name.BGiotto is the man who started European painting.CGiotto is the most important painter in Europe since antiquity.DGiotto is the name of a most famous European painting.解析：选C句意理解题。从第二段看出，本段讲述这位艺术家的巨大成就，而题目中的这句话正好支持这段的主题。所以这句话就是为了表明他在绘画界的地位。3From the third paragraph we can learn_.AGiotto thought painting was a “mechanical” artBGiotto didnt get great respect in FlorenceCGiotto owned European banking housesDGiottos art affected the whole Italy解析：选D细节理解题。根据本段最后一句话“.the effect of his art was felt throughout the peninsula (半岛)”可知，他的艺术作品影响了整个意大利半岛。4The main theme of the passage probably is_.Athe Renaissance in ItalyBGiotto, a great artistCFlorence schoolDfine arts of Middle Ages解析：选B主旨大意题。纵览全文可以看出本文是一篇人物介绍的文章，所以主题应是B项“乔托一位伟大的艺术家”。BThe late, great producer Phil Ramone worked with many famous popular singers. However, one of his albums is a little different. Its classical music, made for children.“He actually started as a child violinist，” said Marc Neikrug, a famous classical composer who worked together with Ramone on the album, “Sunken Cathedrals，” after being introduced by Rock Positano, a doctor with a special interest in musics value to medicine. “The three of us all want to promote classical music to children.”In the digital age when children develop surrounded by constant distractions (使人分心的事物), however, Neikrug sees a very particular value in classical music. “Im concerned about a world in which there is an almost aggressive move to lower peoples attention spans (持续时间)，” he said. “Thats terrifying. How do you even absorb and learn things? How do you expect kids to do well in school？”“I think its really important to let kids build some kind of ability to focus，” Neikrug said. “Great music can do that, because youre drawn into what youre listening to. A two or threeminute music may not seem so long to concentrate on, but its a good attention span for kids，” he said. “We picked the pieces very deliberately to be not too long.”All of the pieces on the twopart album are unadapted, complete works of classical music. “Phil, Dr. Rock and I were all completely convinced that we need little, short, beautiful pieces for kids. They happen to be really good for adults too，” he pointed out, though the words “Classics for Kids” on the cover might scare some grown people off.This doesnt mean you should toss all of your popular music albums away or trash all the screen devices (设备) in your home. “Im not an advocate for disregarding the reality of living in this world，” Neikrug said. “I would say someone who grows up able to focus for an hour and equally able to use the smartphone with one hand, is fine.”语篇解读：本文是议论文。Neikrug与Ramone合作制作了一张儿童古典音乐专辑，他认为古典音乐能帮助孩子们培养专注力。5What did Marc Neikrug and Rock Positano have in common?AThey had the same career.BThey had the same interest.CThey had the same circle of friends.DThey had the same number of children.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Marc Neikrug, a famous classical composer”和“Rock Positano, a doctor with a special interest in musics value to medicine. The three of us all want to promote classical music to children.”可知，Marc Neikrug和Rock Positano都对音乐感兴趣，致力于让孩子从小就听古典音乐。6What was Neikrug worried about?APeoples decreasing attention spans.BPeople becoming too aggressive.CPeoples low learning ability.DPeople losing faith in school.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Im concerned about a world in which there is an almost aggressive move to lower peoples attention spans (持续时间)”可知，当今世界让人们的持续关注时间不断减少，Neikrug对此表示担忧。7Why did Ramone and Neikrug select short pieces for the album?ATo attract distracted adults.BBecause of their own preference.CTo include more pieces in the album.DBecause of kids mental characteristics.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“. A twoor threeminute music may not seem so long to concentrate on, but its a good attention span for kids， he said. We picked the pieces very deliberately to be not too long.”可知，由于孩子的持续关注时间很短，所以Ramone和Neikrug专门选短小的曲子迎合孩子们的心智特征。8What does the text want to tell us?APopular music producers turned to classical music.BClassical music can coexist with digital devices.CIts never too late to listen to classical music.DKids can benefit from classical music.解析：选D主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“I think its really important to let kids build some kind of ability to focus， Neikrug said. Great music can do that, because youre drawn into what youre listening to .”可以看出，Neikrug认为古典音乐能帮助孩子们培养专注力，这也是他与Ramone合作制作儿童古典音乐专辑的原因。 CThe medieval (中世纪的) artists didnt know about perspective; they didnt want to make their people look like real individual people in a real individual scene.They wanted to show the truth, the eternal (永恒的) quality of their religious stories.So these artists didnt need to know about perspective.In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the individual person and his or her possessions and surroundings.A flat medieval style couldnt show this level of reality and the artists needed a new technique.It was the Italian artist Brunelleschi who discovered the technique of perspective drawing.At first the artists of the Renaissance only had a singlepoint perspective.Later they realized that they could have twopoint perspective and still later multipoint perspective.With twopoint perspective they could turn an object (like a building) at an angle to the picture and draw two sides of it.The technique of perspective which seems so natural to us now is an invented technique, a part of the “grammar of painting”Like all bits of grammar there are exceptions about perspective.For example, only vertical and horizontal surfaces seem to meet on eye level.Sloping roof tops dont meet on eye level.For 500 years, artists in Europe made use of perspective drawing in their pictures.Nevertheless, there are a range of priorities (优先顺序) that artists in displaying individual styles.Crivelli wanted to show depth in his picture and he used a simple singlepoint perspective.Cezanne always talked about space and volume.Van Gogh, like some of the other painters of the Impressionist period, was interested in Japanese prints.And Japanese artists until this century were always very strong designers of “flat” pictures.Picasso certainly made pictures which have volume and depth.However, he wanted to keep our eyes on the surface and to remind us that his paintings are paintings and not illusions (幻觉)It is technically easy to give an illusion of depth.However, a strong twodimensional design is just as important as a feeling of depth, and perhaps more important.9The passage mainly discusses_.Athe difference between medieval and Renaissance artBhow the technique of perspective influenced the modern artCthe discovery of the technique of perspectiveDthe contributions of Renaissance artists解析：选B主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了文艺复兴时期出现的透视绘画技巧及其对现代艺术的影响。10According to the passage, which may be the main concern for medieval artists?AThe individual person and his/her possessions and surroundings.BReal people, real scenes.CEternal timeless truth of the earth.DThemes of religious stories.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知中世纪的艺术家们主要从事与宗教故事有关的绘画。11Whats the authors purpose of giving the example in Para.3?ATo explain how perspective work in painting.BTo support twopoint perspective.CTo show that there are exceptions about perspective.DTo point out that the technique of perspective is an invented technique.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段可知透视法有例外之处，后面的例子就是为了说明这些例外之处。因此选C项。12It can be inferred from the passage that Renaissance artists_.Awelcomed the medieval style of eternal truthBneeded to develop a new approach towards painting to show a new level of realityCwere inspired by vertical and horizontal surfaces in inventing the technique of perspectiveDsaw twodimensional design more important than a feeling of depth解析：选B推理判断题。通读全文可知，文艺复兴时期的艺术家们为了展示现实发明了透视法。因此本题选B项。The RenaissanceFor many people, the Renaissance means 14th to 16th century Italy, and the developments in art and architecture, music and literature which took place there at that time.But there is one work which, perhaps more than any other, expresses the spirit of the Renaissance: the Mona Lisa.It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.Painted by Leonardo da Vinci in the years 15031506, the Mona Lisa is a mysterious masterpiece.People want to know who Mona Lisa is, and why she is smiling.Even if people do not know much about the Renaissance, they have heard of this painting.But the Renaissance is, of course, more than just Mona Lisa.Renaissance is a French word which means “rebirth” and it first appeared in English in the 19th century.The word was used to describe a period in European history which began with the arrival of the first Europeans in America, an age of exploration, and the beginning of the modern world.It was as if Europe was waking up after the long sleep of the Middle Ages.From Italy, the ideas of the Renaissance rapidly spread northwards to France, Germany, England, and the rest of Europe.Trade with other parts of the world meant that Europe was getting richer, too.This meant that people had money to spend on the arts; and it became easier for artists to find people who could afford to buy their works or employ them.Leonardo worked for important people such as the Duke of Milan, and, towards the end of his life, the King of France.Renaissance artists found new ideas for their work in classical Greece and Rome.But they looked forward, too, by opening new frontiers in the arts.Painters discovered how to use perspective and the effects of light; composers put different voices together and created polyphony (“many voices”); architects preferred designing buildings with more light which contrasted with the heaviness of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages.The sense of exploration which motivated the artists went hand in hand with a new type of philosophy.After centuries of accepting a medieval world view in which human life was considered of little value compared with the greatness of God, philosophers began asking questions like “What is a person？” or “Why am I here？” For the first time, they put people, not religion, at the centre of the universe.The Renaissance was a time of scientific invention, too.Leonardo, as well as